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450 mhz to 6000 mhz trupwr detector ADL5505 rev. a information furnished by analog devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by analog devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. specifications subject to change without notic e. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of analog devices. trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. one technology way, p.o. box 9106, norwood, ma 02062 - 9106, u.s.a. tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com fax: 781.461.3113 ? 2010- 2011 analog devices, inc. all rights reserved. features true rms response detector excellent temperature stability 0.25 db rms detection accuracy vs. temperature over 35 db input power dynamic range, inclusive of crest factor rf bandwidths from 450 mhz to 6000 m hz 500 ? input impedance single - supply operation: 2.5 v to 3.3 v low power: 1.8 ma at 3 .0 v supply rohs - compliant part applications power measurement of w- cdma, cdma2000, qpsk -/ qam - based ofdm (lte and wim ax ) , and other complex modulation waveforms rf transmitter or receiver power measurement functional block dia gram rfin vpos vrms comm ADL5505 internal fi l tering rms core buffer 100 05799-001 figure 1 . 0.01 0.1 1 10 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 output (v) input (dbm) 05799-002 figure 2 . output vs. input level, supply = 3.0 v, frequency = 1900 m hz general description the ADL5505 is a tr upwr ? mean - responding (true rms) power dete ctor for use in high frequency receiver and transmitter sign al chains from 450 mhz to 6 000 mhz . requiring only a single supply between 2.5 v and 3.3 v, the detector draws less than 1.8 ma . the input is internally ac -c oupled and has a nominal input impedance of 500 ?. the rms output is a linear - responding dc voltage with a conversion gain of 1.8 6 v/v rms at 900 mhz. the ADL5505 is a highly accurate, easy to use means of determining the rms of complex waveforms . it can be used for power measurements of both simple and complex waveforms but is particularly useful for measuring high crest factor (high peak - to - rms ratio) signals, such as w - cdma, cdma2000, wim ax , wlan, and lte waveforms . the on - chip modulation filter provid es adequate averaging for most waveforms. an on - chip, 100 ? series resistance at the output, combined with an external shunt capacitor, creates a low - pass filter response that reduces the residual ripple in the dc output voltage. the ADL5505 offers excellent temperature stability across a 30 db range and near 0 db measurement error across temperature over the top portion of the dynamic range. in addition to its temperature stability, the ADL5505 offers low process variations that further reduce calibration complexity. the power detector operates from ?40c to +8 5c and is available in an 4- ball, 0.8 mm 0.8 mm wafer - level chip scale package. it is fabricated on a high f t silicon bicmos process.
ADL5505 rev. a | page 2 of 20 table of contents features .............................................................................................. 1 applications ....................................................................................... 1 functional block diagram .............................................................. 1 general description ......................................................................... 1 revision history ............................................................................... 2 specifications ..................................................................................... 3 absolute maximum ratings ............................................................ 6 esd caution .................................................................................. 6 pin configuration and function descriptions ............................. 7 typical performance characteristics ............................................. 8 circuit description ......................................................................... 13 rms circuit description and filtering ................................... 13 filtering ........................................................................................ 13 output buffer .............................................................................. 13 applications information .............................................................. 14 bas ic connections ...................................................................... 14 rf input interfacing ................................................................... 14 linearity ....................................................................................... 15 output dr ive capability and buffering ................................... 16 selecting the output low - pass filter ...................................... 16 power consumption .................................................................. 17 device calibration and error calculation .............................. 17 calibration for improved accuracy ......................................... 18 drift over a reduced temperature range ............................. 18 device handling ......................................................................... 18 land pattern and soldering information ................................ 18 evaluation board ........................................................................ 18 outline dimensions ....................................................................... 20 ordering guide .......................................................................... 20 revision his tory 1/1 1 rev . 0 to rev. a updated outline dimensions , figure 46 ..................................... 20 change to ordering guide, package option .............................. 20 4/10 revision 0: initial version
ADL5505 r ev. a | page 3 of 20 specifications t a = 25c, v s = 3.0 v, c out = open, light condition 600 lux , 75 ? input termination resistor, unless otherwise noted. table 1. parameter test condition s min typ max unit frequency range input rfin 450 6000 mhz rf input (f = 450 mhz) input rfin to output vrms input impedanc e no termination 510||1.01 ?||pf rms conversion dynamic range 1 continuous wave (cw) input, ?40c < t a < +85c 0.25 db error 2 delta from 25c 25 db 0.25 db error 3 16 db 1 db error 3 36 db 2 db erro r 3 40 db maximum input level 0.25 db error 3 15 dbm minimum input level 1 db error 3 ?22 dbm conversion gain vrms = ( gain v in ) + intercept 1.88 v/v r ms output intercept 4 0.008 v output voltage, high input power p in = 5 dbm, 400 mv rms 0.755 v output voltage, low input power p in = ?15 dbm, 40 mv rms 0.082 v temperature sensitivity p in = 0 dbm +25c < t a < +85c 0.0027 db/c ?40c < t a < +25c 0.0024 db/c rf input (f = 900 mhz) input rfin to output vrms input impedance no termination 370||0.80 ?||pf rms conversion dynamic range 1 continuous wave (cw) input, ?40c < t a < +85c 0.2 5 db error 2 delta from 25c 26 db 0.25 db error 3 17 db 1 db error 3 36 db 2 db error 3 40 db maximum input level 0 .25 db error 3 15 dbm minimum input level 1 db error 3 ?23 dbm conversion gain vrms = ( g ain v in ) + i ntercept 1.6 1.86 2.2 v/v rms output intercept 4 ?0.1 +0.009 +0.1 v output voltage, high input power p in = 5 dbm, 400 mv rms 0.748 v output voltage, low input power p in = ?15 dbm, 40 mv rms 0.083 v temperature sensitivity p in = 0 dbm +25c < t a < +85c 0.0026 db/c ?40c < t a < +25c 0.0024 db/c
ADL5505 rev. a | page 4 of 20 parameter test condition s min typ max unit rf input (f = 1900 mhz) input rfin to output vrms input impedance no termination 270||0.67 ?||pf rms co nversion dynamic range 1 continuous wave (cw) input, ?40c < t a < +85c 0.25 db error 2 delta from 25c 21 db 0.25 db error 3 16 db 1 db error 3 36 db 2 db error 3 40 db maximum input level 0.25 db error 3 15 dbm minimum input level 1 db error 3 ?22 dbm conversio n gain vrms = (g ain v in ) + i ntercept 1.82 v/v rms output intercept 4 0.007 v output voltage, high input power p in = 5 dbm, 400 mv rms 0.727 v output voltage, low input power p in = ?15 dbm, 40 mv rms 0.079 v te mperature sensitivity p in = 0 dbm +25c < t a < +85c 0.0017 db/c ?40c < t a < +25c ?0.0026 db/c rf input (f = 2600 mhz) input rfin to output vrms input impedance no termination 240||0.58 ?||pf rms conversion dynamic range 1 continuous wave (cw) input, ?40c < t a < +85c 0.25 db error 2 delta from 25c 14 db 0.25 db error 3 11 db 1 db error 3 35 db 2 db error 3 40 db maximum input level 0.25 db error 3 15 dbm minimum input level 1 db error 3 ?22 dbm conversion gain vrms = ( g ain v in ) + i nte rcept 1.77 v/v rms output intercept 4 0.005 v output voltage, high input power p in = 5 dbm, 400 mv rms 0.700 v output voltage, low input power p in = ?15 dbm, 40 mv rms 0.075 v temperature sensitivity p in = 0 dbm +25c < t a < +85c 0.0016 db/c ?40c < t a < +25c 0.0042 db/c rf input (f = 3500 mhz) input rfin to output vrms input impedance no termination 210||0.48 ?||pf rms conversion dynamic range 1 contin uous wave (cw) input, ?40c < t a < +85c 0.25 db error 2 delta from 25c 5 db 0.25 db error 3 5 db 1 db error 3 33 db 2 db error 3 39 db maximum input level 0.25 db error 3 13 dbm minimum input level 1 db error 3 ?21 dbm conversion gain vrms = ( g ain v in ) + i ntercept 1.61 v/v rms output interce pt 4 0.001 v output voltage, high input power p in = 5 dbm, 400 mv rms 0.630 v output voltage, low input power p in = ?15 dbm, 40 mv rms 0.065 v temperature sensitivity p in = 0 dbm +25c < t a < +85c 0.0046 d b/c ?40c < t a < +25c 0.0085 db/c
ADL5505 r ev. a | page 5 of 20 parameter test condition s min typ max unit rf input (f = 6000 mhz) input rfin to output vrms input impedance no termination 80||0.42 ?||pf rms conversion dynamic range 1 continuous wave (cw) input, ?40c < t a < +8 5c 1 db error 3 23 db 2 db error 3 33 db maximum input level 0.25 db error 3 11 dbm minimum input level 1 db error 3 ?17 dbm conversion gain vrms = ( g ain v in ) + i ntercept 0.77 v/v rms output intercept 4 0.002 v output voltage, high input power p in = 5 dbm, 400 mv rms 0.298 v output voltage, low input power p in = ?15 dbm, 40 m v rms 0.032 v temperature sensitivity p in = 0 dbm +25c < t a < +85c 0.0103 db/c ?40c < t a < +25c 0.0138 db/c vrms output pin vrms output offset no signal at rfin 10 100 mv maximum output voltage v s = 3.0 v, r load 10 k ? 2.5 v available output current 3 ma pulse response time c out = open, 10 db step, 10% to 90% of settling level 3 s power - up response time 5 c out = open, 0 dbm at rfin 3 s power supplies operating range ?40c < t a < +85c 2.5 3.3 v quiescent current 6 no signal at rfin 1.8 ma 1 the available output swing and, therefor e, the dynamic range are altered by the supply voltage; see figure 8 . 2 error referred to delta from 25c response; see figure 13, figure 14, figure 15 , figure 19, figure 20 , and figure 21 . 3 error referred to best - fit line at 25c; see figure 10, figure 11, figure 12, figure 16, figure 17 , and figure 18 . 4 calculated using linear regression. 5 the response time is measured from 10% to 90% of settling level; see figure 30 and figure 31 . 6 supply current is input level - dependent; see figure 27 .
ADL5505 rev. a | page 6 of 20 absolute maximum rat ings table 2. parameter rating supply voltage, v s 3.5 v vrms 0 v to v s rfin 1.25 v rms equivalent power, referred to 50 ? 15 dbm internal power dissipation 150 mw ja (wlcsp) 260 c/w maximum junction temperature 125c operating temperature range ?40c to +85c storage temperature range ?65c to +150c stresses above those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. this is a st ress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect devi ce reliability. esd caution
ADL5505 r ev. a | page 7 of 20 pin configuration and function descripti ons ADL5505 top view (ball side down) not to scale 2 3 1 rfin vpos comm vrms 4 05799-003 figure 3 . pin configuration table 3 . pin function descriptions pin o. neonic description 1 vpos supply voltage. the o perational range is 2.5 v to 3. 3 v. 2 rfin signal input. this pin is internally ac - coupled after internal termination resistance. the nominal input impedance is 500 3 comm device ground. 4 vrms rms output. this pin is a rail -to - rail voltage outp ut with limited current drive capability. the output has an internal 100 ? series resistance. high resistive loads and low capacitance loads are recommended to preserve output swing and allow fast response.
ADL5505 rev. a | page 8 of 20 typical performance characteristics t a = 25c ; v s = 3.0 v ; c out = open ; light condition 600 lux ; 75 ? input termination resistor ; colors: black = +25c, blue = ?40c, red = +85c ; unless otherwise noted. 0.01 0.1 1 10 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 output (v) input (dbm) 450mhz 900mhz 1900mhz 2600mhz 3500mhz 5000mhz 6000mhz 05799-004 figure 4 . output vs. input level; frequencies = 450 mhz, 900 mhz, 1900 mhz, 2 600 mhz, 3500 mhz, 5000 mhz, 60 00 mhz ; supply = 3.0 v 0 0.2 0.4 0. 6 0. 8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 output (v) input (v rms) 450mhz 900mhz 1900mhz 2600mhz 3500mhz 5000mhz 6000mhz 05799-005 figure 5 . output vs. input level (linear scale); frequencies = 450 mhz, 900 mhz, 1900 mhz, 2600 mhz, 3500 mhz, 5000 mhz, 6000 mhz ; supply = 3.0 v 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 intercept (mv) conversion gain (v/v rms) frequenc y (ghz) 05799-006 figure 6 . conversion gain and intercept vs. frequency; supply = 3 .0 v; temperatures = ?40c, +25c, and +85c ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 450mhz 900mhz 1900mhz 2600mhz 3500mhz 5000mhz 6000mhz 05799-007 figure 7 . linearity error vs. input level; frequencies = 450 mhz, 900 mhz, 1900 mhz, 2600 mhz, 3500 mhz, 5000 mhz, 6000 mhz ; supply = 3.0 v 0.01 0.1 1 10 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 output (v) input (dbm) 2.5v 2.7v 3.0v 3.3v 05799-008 figure 8 . output vs. input level; supplies = 2.5 v, 2.7 v, 3.0 v, and 3.3 v ; frequency = 900 mhz 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 shunt ca p aci t ance (pf) shunt resis t ance () frequenc y (ghz) shunt resistance shunt capacitance 05799-009 figure 9 . input impedance vs. frequency ; supply = 3.0 v
ADL5505 rev. a | page 9 of 20 ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-010 figure 10 . output temperature drift from +25c linear reference for 50 dev ices at ?40c, +25c, and +85c ; frequency = 450 mhz ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-011 figure 11 . output temperature drift from +25c linear reference for 50 devices at ?40c, +25c, and +85c ; frequency = 900 mhz ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-012 figure 12 . outp ut temperature drift from +25c linear reference for 50 devices at ?40c, +25c, and +85c ; frequency = 1 900 mhz ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-013 figure 13 . output delta from +25c output voltage for 50 devices at ?40c and +85c ; frequency = 450 mhz ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-014 f igure 14 . output delta from +25c output voltage for 50 devices at ?40c and +85c; frequency = 900 mhz ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-015 figure 15 . output delta from +25c output voltage for 50 devices at ?40c and +85c ; frequency = 1 900 mhz
ADL5505 rev. a | page 10 of 20 ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-016 figure 16 . output temperature drift from +25c linear reference for 50 devices at ?40c, +25c, and +85c ; frequency = 26 00 mhz ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-017 figure 17 . output temperature drift from +25c linear re ference for 50 dev ices at ?40c, +25c, and +85c; frequency = 35 00 mhz ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-018 figure 18 . output temperature drift from +25c linear reference for 50 devices at ?40c, +25c, and +85c ; frequency = 60 00 mhz ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-019 figure 19 . output delta from +25c output voltage for 50 devices at ?40c and +85c; frequency = 26 00 mhz ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-020 figure 20 . output delta from +25c output voltage for 50 devices at ?40c and +85c ; frequency = 35 00 mhz ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-021 f igure 21 . output delta from +25c output voltage for 50 devices at ?40c and +85c ; frequency = 60 00 mhz
ADL5505 rev. a | page 11 of 20 ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) cw 12.2kbps, dpcch (?5.46db, 15ksps) + dpdch (0db, 60ksps), 3.4db cf 144kbps, dpcch (?11.48db, 15ksps) + dpdch (0db, 480ksps), 3.3db cf 768kbps, dpcch (?11.48db, 15ksps) + dpdch1 + 2 (0db, 960ksps), 5.8db cf dpcch (?6.02db, 15ksps) + dpdch (?4.08db, 60ksps) + hs-dpcch (0db, 15ksps), 4.91db cf dpcch (?6.02db,15ksps) + dpdch (?11.48db, 60ksps) + hs-dpcch (0db, 15ksps), 5.34db cf dpcch (?6.02db, 15ksps) + hs-dpcch (0db, 15ksps), 5.44db cf 05799-022 figure 22 . error from cw linear reference vs. input with various w- cdma reverse link waveforms at 900 mhz, c out = open cw test model 1 with 16 dpch, 1 carrier test model 1 with 32 dpch, 1 carrier test model 1 with 64 dpch, 1 carrier test model 1 with 64 dpch, 2 carriers test model 1 with 64 dpch, 3 carriers test model 1 with 64 dpch, 4 carriers ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-023 figure 23 . error from cw linear reference vs. input with various w- cdma forward link waveforms at 2200 mhz, c out = open cw bpsk, 11db cf qpsk, 11db cf 16qam, 12db cf 64qam, 11db cf ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-024 figure 24 . error from cw linear reference vs. input with various 802.16 ofdm waveforms at 3500 mhz, 10 mhz signal bw, and 256 subcarriers for all modulated signals , c out = open cw pich, 4.7db pich + fch (9.6kbps), 4.8db cf pich + fch (9.6kbps) + dcch, 6.3db cf pich + fch (9.6kbps) + dcch + sch (153.6kbps), 7.6db cf pich + fch (9.6kbps) + sch (153.6kbps), 6.7db ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-025 figure 25 . error from cw linear reference vs. input with various cdma2000 reverse link waveforms at 1900 mhz, c out = open cw 16qam rb1 16qam rb10 16qam rb100 qpsk rb1 qpsk rb10 qpsk rb100 ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 error (db) input (dbm) 05799-026 figure 26 . error from cw linear reference vs. input with various lte reverse link waveforms at 2600 mhz, c out = open 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 3 14 15 0 1.0 inp u t (v rms ) supply current (ma) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 cold r oo m hot 2.5v 3.3v 3.0v 05799-027 figure 27 . supply current vs. input level; supplies = 2.5 v , 3.0 v, and 3.3 v ; frequency = 900 mhz ; temperatures = ?40c, +25c, and +85c
ADL5505 rev. a | page 12 of 20 05799-028 vrms pulsed rfin 400mv rms rf input 250mv rms 160mv rms 70mv rms 4s/div vrms (150mv/div) figure 28 . output response to various rf input pulse levels ; supply = 3.0 v ; frequency = 900 mhz ; c out = open 05799-029 vrms pulsed rfin 400mv rms rf input 250mv rms 160mv rms 70mv rms 10s/div vrms (150mv/div) figure 29 . output response to various rf input pulse levels ; s upply = 3.0 v ; frequency = 900 mhz ; c out = 100 nf 05799-030 vrms pulsed vpos 400mv rms rf input 250mv rms 160mv rms 70mv rms 4s/div vrms (150mv/div) figure 30 . output response to supply ga ting at various rf input levels; supply = 3.0 v ; frequency = 900 mhz ; c out = open 05799-031 10s/div vrms (150mv/div) vrms pulsed vpos 400mv rms rf input 250mv rms 160mv rms 70mv rms figure 31 . output response to supply gating at various rf input levels ; supply = 3 .0 v; frequency = 900 mhz ; c out = 100 nf
ADL5505 rev. a | page 13 of 20 circuit description the ADL5505 employs two - stage detection. the critical aspect of this technical approach is the concept of first stripping the carrier t o reveal the envelope and then performing the required analog computation of rms . rms c ircuit d escription and f iltering the rms processing is executed using a proprietary translinear technique. this method is a mathematically accurate rms computing approa ch and allows for achieving unprecedented rms accuracies for complex modulation signals irrespective of the crest factor of the input signal. an integrating filter cap aci - tor performs the square - domain averaging. the vrms output can be expressed as t1t2 dt v a vrms t2 t1 in ? = 2 where a is a scaling parameter that is d etermined by the on - chip resistor ratio . t here are no other scaling parameters involved in this computa - tion, which means that the rms output is inherently free from any sources of error due to tem perature, supply , and process variation s. filtering an important aspect of rms - dc conversion is the need for averaging (the function is root - mean - square). the on - chip averaging in the square domain has a corner frequency of approximately 18 0 khz. and is sufficient for common modu - lation signals, such as cdma - , cdma2000 - , w - cdma - , and qpsk - /qam - based ofdm (for example, lte, wlan , and wimax). adequate filtering ensures the accuracy of the rms measure - ment; however, some ripple or ac residual can still be pres ent on the dc output. to reduce this ripple, an external shunt capacitor can be used at the output to form a low -p ass filter with the on - chip, 100 resistance (see the selecting the output low - pass filter section ). output buffer a buffer takes the internal rms signal and amplifies it accor - dingly before it is out put on the vrms pin. the outp ut stage of the rms buffer is a common source pmos with a resistive load to provide a rail - to - rail output. t he buffer has a 100 ? on - chip series resistance on the o utput , a llow ing for easy low - pass filtering .
ADL5505 rev. a | page 14 of 20 applications informa tion basic connections figure 32 shows the basic connections for the ADL5505 . the device is powered by a sin gle supply between 2.5 v and 3.3 v, with a quiescent current of 1.8 ma. the vpos pin is decoupled using 100 pf and 0.1 f capacitors. placin g a single 75 resistor at the rf input provides a broadband match of 50 ?. more precise resistive or reactive matches can be applied for narrow frequency band use (see the rf input interfacing section ). the ac residual can be reduc ed further by increasing the output capa citance, c out . the combination of the internal 100 ? outp ut resistance and c out produce s a low - pass filter to reduce output ripple of the vrms output (see the selecting the output low - pass fi lter section for more details) . rfin +v s = 2.5v to 3.3v vrms r out 0.1f 100pf c out vpos rfin vrms comm ADL5505 1 2 4 3 r10 75 ? 05799-032 figure 32 . basic connections for ADL5505 rf input interfacing the input impedance of the ADL5505 decreases with increasing frequency in both its resistive and capacitive components ( see figure 9 ). the resistive component varies from 370 at 900 mhz to about 24 5 at 2600 mhz . a number of options exist for input matching. for operation at multiple frequencies, a 75 shunt to ground, as shown in figure 33 , provides the best overall match. for use at a single fr equency, a resistive or a reactive match can be used. by plotting the input impedance on a smith chart, the best value for a resistive match can be calculated. (both input impedance and input capacitance can vary by up to 20% around their nominal values.) where vswr is critical, the match can be improved with a series inductor placed before the shunt component. ad l5505 rfin rf transmission line 50? directional coupler 75? attn 05799-033 figure 33 . input i nterfacing to directional coupler resistive tap rf input figure 34 shows a technique for coupling the input signal into the ADL5505 that can be applicable when the input signal is much larger than the input range of the ADL5505 . a series resistor combines with the input impedance of the ADL5505 to attenuate the input signal. because this series resistor forms a divider with the frequency - dependent input impedance, the apparent gain changes greatly with frequency. however, this method has the advantage of very little power being tapped off in rf power transmission applications . if the resistor is large compared with the impedance of the transmission line, the vswr of the system is relatively unaffected. ad l5505 rfin rf transmission line r series 05799-034 figure 34 . attenuating the input signal the resistive tap or series resistance, r series , can be exp ressed as r series = r in (1 ? 10 attn /20 )/(10 attn /20 ) (1) where: r in is the input impedance of rfin. at tn is the desired attenuation factor in d ecibels . for example, if a power amplifier with a maximum output power of 28 dbm is m atched to the ADL5505 input at 5 dbm, then a ?23 db attenuation factor is required. at 900 mhz, the input resistance, r in , is 370 ?. r series = (3 70 ?)(1 ? 10 ?23/20 )/(10 ?23/20 ) = 48 56 ? (2) thus, for an attenuation of ?23 db, a series resistance of appro x- imately 4.87 k ? ( the near est avai lable standar d r esi stor value) is needed.
ADL5505 rev. a | page 15 of 20 multiple rf inputs figure 35 shows a technique for combining multiple rf input signals to the ADL5505 . some applications can share a single detector for multiple bands. three 16.5 ? resistors in a t n etwork combine the three 50 ? terminations (including the ADL5505 with the shunt 75 ? matching component ). the broadband resis - tive combiner ensures that each port of the t network sees a 50 ? termination. because there are only 6 db of isolation from one port of the combiner to the other ports, only one band should be active at a time. ad l5505 rfin band 1 50? band 2 directional coupler 16. 5 ? 50? 16. 5 ? 16. 5 ? directional coupler 75? 05799-035 figure 35 . combining multiple rf input signals linearit because the ADL5505 is a linear responding device, p lots of output voltage vs. input voltage result in a straight line (see figure 4 and figure 5 ) and the dynamic range in decibels ( db ) is not clearly visible. it is more useful to plot the error on a logarith - mic scale, as shown in figure 7 . the deviation of the plot from the ideal straight line characteristic is caused by input stage clipping at the high end and by signal offsets at the low end. however, offsets at the low end can be either positive or negative; t herefore, the linearity error vs. input level plot s (see figure 7 ) can also trend upwards at the low end. figure 10 to figure 12 and figure 16 to figure 18 show error distributions for a large population of devices at specific frequencies over temperature . it is also apparent in figure 7 that the error at the lower portion of the dynamic range tend s to shift up as frequency is increased . t his is due to the calibration points chosen: ? 14 dbm and +8 db m (see the device calibration and error calculation section ). the input impedance of the ADL5505 varies with frequency, decreasing the actual voltage across the input stage as the frequency increases and, thus, r educing the conversion gain . similarly, conversion gain is less at frequencies near 450 mhz because of the small on - chip coupling capacitor. the dynamic range is near constant over frequency, but with a decrease in conversion gain as frequency is increased . output swing at 900 mhz, the vrms output voltage is nominally 1.86 the input rms voltage (a conversion gain of 1.8 6 v/v rms) . the output voltage swings from near ground to 2. 4 v on a 3.0 v supply. figure 8 shows the output swings of the ADL5505 to a cw input for various supply voltages. only at the lowest supply voltage s (2.5 v and 2.7 v ) is there a reduction in the dynamic range as the input headroom decreases. output offset the ADL5505 has a 1 db error detection range of about 30 db, as shown in figure 10 to figure 12 and figure 16 to figure 18 . the error is referred to the best - fit line defined in the linear region of the output response (see the device calibration and error calculation section for more details). below an input power of ?16 dbm, the response is no longer linear and begins to lose accuracy. in addition, depending on the sup ply voltage, saturation may limit the detection accuracy above +14 dbm. c hoose c ali - bration points in the linear region, avoiding the nonlinear ranges at the high and low extremes. figure 36 shows a distribution of the output response vs. the input for multiple devices. the ADL5505 loses accuracy at low input powers as the output response begins to fan out. as the input power is reduced, the spread of the output response increases along with the error. 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 output (v) input (dbm) 05799-036 figure 36 . output vs. input l evel distribution of 50 devices; frequency = 900 mhz ; supply = 3 .0 v although some devices follow the ideal linear response at very low input powers, not all devices continue the ideal linear regr es - sion to a near 0 v y - in tercept. some devices exhibit output responses that rapidly decrease , and some flatten out. with no rf signal applied, the ADL5505 has a typical output offset of 10 mv (with a maximum of 100 mv) on vrms .
ADL5505 rev. a | page 16 of 20 output drive capability and buffering the ADL5505 is capable of sourcing a vrms output current of approximately 3 ma. the output current is sourced through the on - chip, 100 ? series resistor; therefore, any load resistor forms a voltage divide r with this on - chip resistance. it is recommended that the adl 5505 vrms output drive high resist ance loads to preserve output swing. if an application requires driving a low resistance load (as well as in cases where increasing the nominal conversion gain is desired), a buffering circuit is necessary. selecting the output low - pass filter the internal filter capacitor of the ADL5505 provides averaging in the square domain but leaves some residual ac on the output. signals with high peak - to - average ratios, such as w - cdma or cdma 2000, can produce ac residual levels on th e ADL5505 vrms dc output. to reduce the effects of these low frequency components in the waveforms, some additional filtering is required. t he output of the ADL5505 can be filtered directly by placin g a capacitor between vrms (pin 4) and ground. the combin ation of the on - chip, 100 ? output series resistance and the external shunt capacitor forms a low - pass filter to reduce the residual ac. figure 37 show the effects on the residual ripple vs . the output filter capac itor value at two communication standards with high peak - to - average ratios. note that there is a trade - off between ac residual and response time. l arge output filter capacitances increase the turn - on and pulse response times, as shown in figure 38 . 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 1 10 100 1000 ac residua l (mv p-p) cout ca p aci t ance (nf) w-cdma forward link (4.6db cf) w-cdma reverse link (11.7db cf) 05799-037 figure 37 . ac residual vs. c out , w- cdma reverse link (11.7 db cf) waveform and w- cdma forward link (4.6 db cf) waveform 0 50 100 150 200 250 1 10 100 1000 c out ca p aci t ance (nf) response time (s) 05799-038 figure 38 . effect of c out on response time the turn - on time and pulse resp onse are strongly influenced by the sizes of the output shunt capacitor. figure 39 shows a plot of the output response to an rf pulse on the rfin pin, with a 0.1 f output filter capacitor. the falling edge is particularly depende nt on the output shunt capacitance, as shown in figure 39 . 05799-039 400mv rms rf input 250mv rms 160mv rms 70mv rms pulsed rfin vrms 1ms/div vrms (150mv/div) figure 39 . output response to various rf input pulse levels ; supply = 3 v ; frequency = 900 mhz ; square- domain filter open ; c out = 0.1 f to i m prove the falling edge of the enable and pulse responses, a resistor can be placed in parallel with the output shunt capacitor. the added resistance helps to discharge the output filter capacitor. although this method reduces the power - off time, the added load resistor also attenuates the output (see the output drive capability and buffering section).
ADL5505 rev. a | page 17 of 20 05799-040 400mv rms rf input 250mv rms 160mv rms 70mv rms pulsed rfin vrms 1ms/div vrms (150mv/div) figure 40 . output response to various rf input pulse levels, supply = 3 v, frequency = 900 mhz ; square - domain filter open; c out = 0.1 f with parallel 1 k ? power consumption the quiescent current consumption of the ADL5505 varies linearly with the size of the input signal from approximately 1.8 ma for no signal up to 8.5 ma at an input level of 0.7 v rms ( 10 dbm, re ferred to 50 ?) as shown in figure 27 . there is little variation in supply current across power supply voltage or temperature . in applications requiring power saving, it is recommended that t he ADL5505 be disabled wh ile idle by removing the power supply to the device. device calibration a nd error calculation because slope and intercept vary from device to device , board - level calibration must be performed to achieve high accuracy. in general, calibration is performed by applying two input power levels to the ADL5505 and measuring the corresponding output voltages. the calibration points are generally chosen to be within the linear operating range of the device. the best - fit line is char acterized by calculating the con version gain (or slope) and intercept using the following equations: gain = (v v rms2 ? v v rms1 )/( v in2 ? v in1 ) (3) intercept = v v rms1 ? ( gain v in1 ) (4) where: v in x is the rms input voltage to rfin. v v rms x is the voltage output at vrms. once gain and inter cept are calculated, an equation can be written that allows calculation of an (unknown) input power based on the measured output voltage. v in = (v vrms ? intercept )/ gain (5) for an ideal (known) input power, the law conformance error of the measured data c an be calculated as error (db) = 20 log [( v v rms, measured ? intercept )/( gain v in, ideal )] (6) figure 41 shows a plot of the error at 25c, the temperature at which the ADL5505 is calibrated. note that the error is not 0; this is because the ADL5505 does not perfectly follow the ideal linear equation, even within its operating region. the error at the calibration points is, however, equal to 0 by definition. ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) +2 5 c +8 5 c ?40c 05799-041 figure 41 . error from linear reference vs. input at ?40c, +25c, and +85c vs. +25c linear reference, 1900 mhz frequency , 3 .0 v supply figure 41 also shows error plots for the output voltage at ? 40c and +85c. these error plots are calculated using the gain an d intercept at 25c. this is consistent with calibration in a mass production environment where calibration at temperature is not practical.
ADL5505 rev. a | page 18 of 20 calibration for impr oved accuracy another way of presenting the error function of the ADL5505 is shown in figure 42 . in this case, the decibel ( db ) error at hot and cold temperatures is calculated with respect to the transfer function at ambient temperature . this is a key difference in comparison to figure 41, in which the error was calculated with respect to the ideal linear transfer function at ambient temperature . when this alternative technique is used, the error at ambient temperature becomes equal to 0 by definition (see fig ure 42). this plot is a useful tool for estimating temperature drift at a particular power level with respect to the (nonideal) response at ambient temperature . the linearity and dynamic range tend to be improved artificially with this type of plot beca use the ADL5505 does not perfectly follow the ideal linear equation (especially outside of its linear operating range). achieving this level of accuracy in an end application requires calibration at multiple points in the operating range of the device. in some applications, very high accuracy is required at just one power level or over a reduced input range. for example, in a wireless transmitter, the accuracy of the high power amplifier (hpa) is most critical at or close to full power. the ADL5505 offers a tight error distribution in the high input power range, as shown in figure 42 . the high accuracy range, beginning around 6 dbm at 1900 mhz , offers 8 db of 0.15 db detection error over temperature . multiple point calibratio n at ambient temperature in the reduced range offers precise power measurement with near 0 db error from ? 40c to +85c. ?3 ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) +8 5 c ?40c +2 5 c 05799-042 figure 42 . error from +25c output voltage at ?40c, +25c, and +85c after ambient normalization, 1900 mhz frequency , 3 .0 v supply note that the high accuracy range center varies over frequency (see figure 13 to figure 15 and figure 19 to figure 21). dr ift o ver a reduced temper ature range figure 43 shows the error over temperature for a 1.9 ghz input signal. the e rror due to drift over temperature consistently remains within 0. 1 5 db and only begins to exceed this limit when the ambient temperature rise s above + 65 c and drops below ?20 c. for all frequ encies using a reduced temperature range, higher measurement accuracy is achievable. ?1.00 ?0.75 ?0.50 ?0.25 0 0.25 0.50 0.75 1. 00 ?25 ?20 ?15 ?10 ?5 0 5 10 15 error (db) input (dbm) ?40 c ?20 c 0c +15 c +35 c +55 c +75 c ?30 c ?10 c +5oc +25 c +45 c +65 c + 85 c 05799-043 figure 43 . typical drift at 1.9 ghz for various temperatures device h andling the wafer level chip scale package consists of solder bumps connected to the active side of the die. the part is pb- free and rohs compliant with 95.5% tin, 4.0% silver, and 0.5% copper solder bump composition. the wlcsp can be mounted on printed ci rcuit boards using standard surface - mount assembly techniques; however, caution should be taken to avoid damaging the die. see the an - 617 application note , microcsp wafer level chip scale package , for additional information. wlcsp devices are bumped die; t herefore, the exposed die may be sensitive to light, which can influence specified limits. lighting in excess of 600 lux can degrade performance. land pattern and sol dering information pad diameters of 0.20 mm are recommended with a solder paste mask opening of 0.30 mm. for the rf input trace, a trace width of 0.30 mm is used, which corresponds to a 50 characteristic impedance for the dielectric material being used (fr4). all traces going to the pads are tapered down to 0.15 mm. for the rfin line, the len gth of the tapered section is 0.20 mm. evaluation board figure 44 shows the schematic of the ADL5505 evaluation board. the board is powered by a single supply in the 2.5 v to 3.3 v range. the power supply is decoupled by 100 pf and 0.1 f capacitors. the rf input has a broadband match of 50 ? using a single 75 resistor at r7b. more precise matching at spot frequencies is possible (see the rf input interfacing section). table 4 details the various configuration options of the evaluation board. figure 45 shows the layout of the evaluation board.
ADL5505 rev. a | page 19 of 20 ADL5505 vpos rfin vrms comm c 1 b 1 0 0 p f 1 2 4 3 vposb rfinb r7b 75? r3b 0 ? c4b (open) r2b (open) vrmsb r5b (open) c 9 b ( o p e n ) c 2 b 0 . 1 f (p1 ? b12) r 6 b ( o p e n ) c8b (open) c7b (open) 05799-044 figure 44. evaluation board schematic 05799-045 figure 45. layout of evaluation board, component side table 4. evaluation board configuration options component description default condition vposb, gndb ground and supply vector pins. not applicable c1b, c2b, c7b, c8b, c9b power supply decoupling. nominal supply decoupling of 0.1 f and 100 pf. c1b = 100 pf (size 0402) c2b = 0.1 f (size 0402) c7b = c8b = open (size 0805) c9b = open (size 0402) r7b rf input interface. the 75 resistor at r7b combines with the ADL5505 internal input impedance to give a broadband input impedance of around 50 . r7b = 75 (size 0402) c4b, r2b, r3b output filtering. the combination of the internal 100 output resistance and c4b produce a low-pass filter to reduce output ripple of the vrms output. the output can be scaled down using the resistor divider pads, r2b and r3b. r3b = 0 (size 0402) r2b = open (size 0402) c4b = open (size 0402) p1, r5b, r6b alternate interface. the end connector, p1, allows access to various ADL5505 signals. these signal paths are only used during factory test and characterization. p1 = not installed r5b = r6b = open (size 0402)
ADL5505 rev. a | page 20 of 20 outline dimensions 0.830 0.790 sq 0.750 bottom view (ball side up) top view (ball side down) a 12 b ball a1 identifier 0.40 ref 0.660 0.600 0.540 end view 0.280 0.260 0.240 0.430 0.400 0.370 seating plane 0.230 0.200 0.170 coplanarity 0.05 01-06-2011-a figure 46 . 4-b all wafer level chip scale package [wlcsp] (cb-4-6) dimensions shown in millimeter s ordering guide model 1 temperature range package description package option branding ordering quantity ADL5505 acbz - p7 C 40c to +85c 4- ball wlcsp, 7 pocket tape and reel cb-4-6 3r 3,000 ADL5505acbz - p2 C 40c to +85c 4- ball wlcsp, 7 pocket tape and r eel cb-4-6 3r 250 ADL5505 - evalz evaluation board 1 z = rohs compliant part. ? 2010 - 2011 analog devices, inc. all rights reserved. trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. d05799 -0- 1/11(a)

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