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general description the max3537/max3538 broadband rf variable-gainamplifiers (vga) are designed for digital and opencable set-tops and televisions. these devices feature a unique design that integrates a dual-band (uhf and vhf) input and a low-noise, variable-gain amplifier. the integrated rf vga covers a 10mhz to 1ghz input frequency range and provides 22db of gain-control range. the max3538 is intended for the most difficult signal conditions where performance is critical. the external pullup inductor improves iip2 and iip3 while also increasing gain for better sensitivity. the max3537 does not need an external pullup inductor and is ideal for low-power applications with less demanding receiv- er distortion requirements such as smaller tvs using indoor antennas. the max3537/max3538 are specified for operation in the 0? to +85? temperature range and are available in 4mm x 4mm, 12-pin thin qfn packages with exposed paddle (ep). applications opencable set-top boxes and televisionsdigital set-top boxes media gateways digital terrestrial receivers tv if strips features ? low-noise vga eliminates pin attenuator ? 22db gain-control range ? low noise figure: 5db at maximum gain setting ? high linearity: +19dbm iip3 (max3538) atmaximum gain setting ? low power consumption: <200mw (max3537) ? available in a 4mm x 4mm, 12-pin thin qfnpackage max3537/max3538 broadband variable-gain amplifiers ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 19-3445; rev 1; 6/05 for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim/dallas direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com. evaluation kit available ordering information part temp range pin-package pkg code max3537 utc 0 c to +85 c 12 thin qfn-ep* t1244-3 MAX3537UTC+ 0 c to +85 c 12 thin qfn-ep* t1244-3 max3538 utc 0 c to +85 c 12 thin qfn-ep* t1244-3 max3538utc+ 0 c to +85 c 12 thin qfn-ep* t1244-3 12 11 10 456 12 rf_gnd1 3 98 7 uhf_shunt lnaoutv cc rfagc uhf_in rf_gnd2gnd vhf_in sel_uhf rbias shdn max3537/3538 pin configuration/ functional diagram opencable is a trademark of cable television labora tories, inc. * ep = exposed paddle. + denotes lead-free package. downloaded from: http:///
max3537/max3538 broadband variable-gain amplifiers 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximu m ratings may cause permanent damage to the device . these are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other condi tions beyond those indicated in the operational sec tions of the specifications is not implied. exposur e to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended per iods may affect device reliability. v cc to gnd ...........................................................-0.3v to +5.5v rfagc, uhf_in, sel_uhf, vhf_in, shdn , rbias, rf_gnd1, rf_gnd2, uhf_shunt to gnd....................................................-0.3v to (v cc + 0.3v) lnaout short-circuit duration..............................................10s uhfin, vhfin maximum rf input power.........................14dbm continuous power dissipation (t a = +70 c) 12-pin thin qfn (derate 16.9mw/ ? above +70 c)............................................................1349mw operating temperature range...............................0 c to +85 ? junction temperature ......................................................+150 ? storage temperature range .............................-65 c to +150 ? lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300 ? dc electrical characteristics(max3537/max3538 ev kit, v cc = 4.75v to 5.25v, no rf signal applied, t a = 0 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at v cc = 5v, r bias = 11.8k (max3537) or 9.1k (max3538), t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter conditions min typ max units supply voltage 4.75 5.25 v max3537 38 45.8 operational mode max3538 48 58 ma supply current standby mode (v enable = v sel_uhf = 0.1v) 2 100 ? rfagc input bias current v rfagc = 1v and 3v -50 +50 ? maximum gain 3 rfagc control voltage (note 2) minimum gain 1 v input logic-level low 0.3 x v cc v input logic-level high 0.7 x v cc v ac electrical characteristics (max3537)(max3537 ev kit, v cc = 4.75v to 5.25v, t a = 0 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at v cc = 5v, r bias = 11.8k , t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter conditions min typ max units operating frequency range 50 878 mhz input return loss diplex filter included, worst case across band, any gainsetting (note 2) 4.3 8.5 db input power range per channel -35 +50 dbmv voltage gain maximum gain 7.7 9.6 12.7 db linear gain-control range measured at 50mhz, difference between maximum andminimum gain 19.2 23.1 db gain flatness from 50mhz to 878mhz, v rfagc = 3v (note 2) 2.8 db noise figure maximum gain, diplexer loss included 5 db maximum gain, v rfagc = 3v (notes 2, 3) 21.6 26 input 2nd-order intercept point minimum gain, v rfagc = 1v 42.5 48 dbm caution! esd sensitive device downloaded from: http:///
max3537/max3538 broadband variable-gain amplifiers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 ac electrical characteristics (max3537) (continued)(max3537 ev kit, v cc = 4.75v to 5.25v, t a = 0 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at v cc = 5v, r bias = 11.8k , t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter conditions min typ max units maximum gain, v rfagc = 3v (note 4) 12.7 17 input 3rd-order intercept point minimum gain, v rfagc = 1v (note 2) 28.2 33 dbm 1db compression point maximum gain (note 2) 0 1.9 dbm shutdown mode, 50mhz to 878mhz, rf input to rfoutput 37 isolation port to port 23 dbc output return loss unbalanced 75 load 10 db ac electrical characteristics (max3538)(max3538 ev kit, v cc = 4.75v to 5.25v, t a = 0 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at v cc = 5v, r bias = 9.1k , t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter conditions min typ max units operating frequency range 50 878 mhz input return loss diplex filter included, worst case across band, any gainsetting (note 2) 5.4 8.5 db input power range per channel -35 +50 dbmv voltage gain maximum gain 9.7 12.4 15.7 db linear gain-control range measured at 50mhz, difference between maximum andminimum gain 19 23 db gain flatness from 50mhz to 878mhz, v rfagc = 3v (note 2) 2.9 db noise figure maximum gain, diplexer loss included 5 db maximum gain, v rfagc = 3v (notes 2, 3) 27 34 input 2nd-order intercept point minimum gain, v rfagc = 1v 47.6 53 dbm maximum gain, v rfagc = 3v (note 4) 15.4 19 input 3rd-order intercept point minimum gain, v rfagc = 1v (note 2) 30 33 dbm 1db compression point maximum gain. (note 2) 2.2 4 dbm shutdown mode, 50mhz to 878mhz, rf input to rfoutput 41 isolation port to port 24 dbc output return loss unbalanced 75 load 10 db note 1: guaranteed by production test at t a = +25 c and +85 c and does not include diplex filter loss, unless otherwise noted. note 2: guaranteed by design and characterization from t a = 0 c to +85 ?. note 3: tested with input tones at 210mhz and 660mhz at -12dbm/tone. diplexer is not included. note 4: tested with input tones at 760mhz and 810mhz at -12dbm/tone. diplexer is not included. downloaded from: http:///
max3537/max3538 broadband variable-gain amplifiers 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (max3537 ev kit with diplex filter removed, v cc = 5v, v rfagc = 3v, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) supply current vs. supply voltage max3537 toc01 supply voltage (v) supply current (ma) 5.2 5.1 4.8 4.9 5.0 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 4630 4.7 5.3 t a = 0 c t a = +25 c t a = +85 c 0 42 86 1210 14 1816 20 10 230 340 450 120 560 gain vs. frequency max3537 toc02 frequency (mhz) gain (db) t a = +85 c 670 780 890 1000 t a = +25 c t a = 0 c gain vs. gain-control voltage max3537 toc03 v rfagc (v) gain (db) 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 -15 1.0 3.0 f rf = 878mhz f rf = 50mhz 2 43 65 87 9 1110 12 10 230 340 450 120 560 noise figure vs. frequency max3537 toc04 frequency (mhz) noise figure (db) t a = +85 c 670 780 890 1000 t a = +25 c t a = 0 c 0 10 5 2015 3025 35 -15 -5 -10 0 5 10 noise figure vs. gain max3537 toc05 gain (db) noise figure (db) f rf = 50mhz f rf = 878mhz iip2 vs. gain-control voltage max3537 toc06 v rfagc (v) iip2 (dbm) 2.8 2.6 2.2 2.4 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.2 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 7020 1.0 3.0 f 1 = 400mhz f 2 = 450mhz 10 2015 25 40 4535 30 50 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 iip3 vs. v rfagc max3537 toc07 v rfagc (v) iip3 (dbm) f 1 = 400mhz f 2 = 450mhz 30.00 20.0025.00 10.0015.00 5.00 0 50 410 530 170 290 650 770 890 input return loss vs. frequency max3537 toc08 frequency (mhz) input return loss (db) a: t a = +85 c, uhf_in enabled b: t a = +25 c, uhf_in enabled c: t a = 0 c, uhf_in enabled d: t a = +85 c, vhf_in enabled e: t a = +25 c, vhf_in enabled f: t a = 0 c, vhf_in enabled f e d a b c with diplexer 20.00 12.0014.00 4.006.00 2.00 0 50 410 530 170 290 650 770 890 output return loss vs. frequency max3537 toc09 frequency (mhz) output return loss (db) a: t a = +85 c, uhf_in enabled b: t a = +25 c, uhf_in enabled c: t a = 0 c, uhf_in enabled d: t a = +85 c, vhf_in enabled e: t a = +25 c, vhf_in enabled f: t a = 0 c, vhf_in enabled with diplexer 8.00 10.00 16.0018.00 c a b d e f max3537 downloaded from: http:///
max3537/max3538 broadband variable-gain amplifiers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 typical operating characteristics (continued) (max3537 ev kit with diplex filter removed, v cc = 5v, v rfagc = 3v, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) max3537 gain vs. r bias max3537 toc11 r bias (k ) gain (db) 14.2 13.4 12.6 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 11.8 15.0 f rf = 400mhz -70.00 -60.00-65.00 -50.00-55.00 -40.00-45.00 -35.00 -25.00-30.00 -20.00 10 230 340 450 120 560 shutdown isolation vs. frequency max3537 toc12 frequency (mhz) gain (db) 670 780 890 1000 with diplexer 25 3129 27 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 11.8 12.6 13.4 14.2 15.0 supply current and iip3 vs. r bias max3537 toc10 r bias (k ) supply current (ma) current iip3 iip3 (dbm) 7 9 19 21 23 255 11 13 15 17 f 1 = 400mhz f 2 = 450mhz p in = -12dbm/tone typical operating characteristics (max3538 ev kit with diplex filter removed, v cc = 5v, v rfagc = 3v, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) supply current vs. supply voltage max3538 toc01 supply voltage (v) supply current (ma) 5.2 5.1 4.8 4.9 5.0 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 5640 4.7 5.3 t a = 0 c t a = +25 c t a = +85 c 6 87 10 9 1211 13 1514 16 10 230 340 450 120 560 gain vs. frequency max3538 toc02 frequency (mhz) gain (db) 670 780 890 1000 t a = +85 c t a = +25 c t a = 0 c gain vs. gain-control voltage max3538 toc03 v rfagc (v) gain (db) 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 -15 1.0 3.0 f rf = 878mhz f rf = 50mhz max3538 downloaded from: http:///
max3537/max3538 broadband variable-gain amplifiers 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (continued) (max3538 ev kit with diplex filter removed, v cc = 5v, v rfagc = 3v, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) 2 43 65 87 9 1110 12 10 230 340 450 120 560 noise figure vs. frequency max3538 toc04 frequency (mhz) noise figure (db) 670 780 890 1000 t a = 0 c t a = +85 c t a = +25 c 0 10 5 15 2520 30 -15 -5 -10 0 5 15 noise figure vs. gain max3538 toc05 gain (db) noise figure (db) 10 f rf = 50mhz f rf = 878mhz 30 4035 45 60 6555 50 70 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 iip2 vs. v rfagc max3538 toc06 v rfagc (v) iip2 (dbm) f 1 = 400mhz f 2 = 450mhz 10 2015 25 40 4535 30 50 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 iip3 vs. v rfagc max3538 toc07 v rfagc (v) iip2 (dbm) f 1 = 400mhz f 2 = 450mhz 30.00 20.0025.00 10.0015.00 5.00 0 50 410 530 170 290 650 770 890 input return loss vs. frequency max3538 toc08 frequency (mhz) input return loss (db) a: t a = +85 c, uhf_in enabled b: t a = +25 c, uhf_in enabled c: t a = 0 c, uhf_in enabled d: t a = +85 c, vhf_in enabled e: t a = +25 c, vhf_in enabled f: t a = 0 c, vhf_in enabled a, b, c with diplexer f d e 30.00 20.0025.00 10.0015.00 5.00 0 50 410 530 170 290 650 770 890 output return loss vs. frequency max3538 toc09 frequency (mhz) output return loss (db) a: t a = +85 c, uhf_in enabled b: t a = +25 c, uhf_in enabled c: t a = 0 c, uhf_in enabled d: t a = +85 c, vhf_in enabled e: t a = +25 c, vhf_in enabled f: t a = 0 c, vhf_in enabled with diplexer f d e a, b, c 30 3634 32 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 9.1 10.0 10.9 11.8 supply current and iip3 vs. r bias max3538 toc10 r bias (k ) supply current (ma) current iip3 (dbm) 7 9 19 21 23 255 11 13 15 17 iip3 f 1 = 400mhz f 2 = 450mhz p in = -12dbm/tone gain vs. r bias max3538 toc11 r bias (k ) gain (db) 10.9 10.0 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2 9.1 11.8 f rf = 400mhz -70.00 -60.00-65.00 -50.00-55.00 -40.00-45.00 -35.00 -25.00-30.00 -20.00 10 230 340 450 120 560 shutdown isolation vs. frequency max3538 toc12 frequency (mhz) gain (db) 670 780 890 with diplexer max3538 downloaded from: http:///
detailed description the max3537/max3538 variable-gain amplifiers aredesigned for us digital television applications, specifi- cally to meet atsc s recommended receiver require- ments. the max3538 uses an external pullup inductor for maximum linearity and gain and is ideal for perfor- mance-driven applications. the max3537 does not require an external pullup inductor and requires 10ma less current than the max3538. this results in slightly lower linearity and gain but is an acceptable option for cost- and/or power-sensitive applications. the two parts are otherwise identical and can use the same lay- out and application schematic except for the pullup inductor and rbias resistor. dual-band inputs the max3537/max3538 feature two rf inputs, one forthe vhf band (50mhz to 230mhz) and one for the uhf band (470mhz to 810mhz). an external diplex filter attenuates the undesired band. the diplex filter is easily implemented with discrete components, see the typical application circuit for typical component values. selection between the two inputs is achieved with a sin- gle digital input, sel_uhf. see table 1 for a description of sel_uhf operation. the vhf and uhf inputs are ter- minated into approximately 75 when not selected. broadband variable-gain amplifier (vga) the max3537/max3538 integrate a broadband low-noise variable-gain amplifier. the max3538 vga has an open-collector output and requires a pullup inductor to v cc , while the max3537 has an internal pullup to v cc . both the max3537 and max3538 outputs require a dc-blocking capacitor.the max3537/max3538 provide a 22db gain-control range for increased system linearity. a dc voltage applied at the rfagc pin controls the devices overall gain, and can range from 1v to 3v with 3v providingthe maximum gain setting. max3537/max3538 broadband variable-gain amplifiers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 pin name function 1 uhf_in uhf input. this input is terminated into 75 when not selected. 2 rf_gnd1 first rf ground. connect a 1000pf capacitor from rf_gnd1 to gnd. do not connect rf_gnd1 to rf_gnd2. 3 uhf_shunt uhf shunt. connects to gnd when sel_uhf is low, high impedance when sel_uhf is high. 4 rbias amplifier bias. connect an 11.8k 1% (max3537) or 9.1k 1% (max3538) resistor from rbias to gnd. 5 sel_uhf band - s el ect inp ut. s el ects b etw een the u h f and v h f i np uts. log i c l ow to sel ect v h f, l og i c hi g h to sel ect u h f. 6 shdn shutdown. logic low to put the device in standby mode. logic high for normal operation. 7 rfagc automatic gain-control input. accepts a dc voltage from 1v (minimum gain) to 3v (maximum gain). 8v c c s up p l y v ol tag e. byp ass to g n d w i th 47p f and 1000p f cap aci tor s p l aced as cl ose to the d evi ce as p ossi b l e. 9 lnaout rf output. requires a dc-blocking capacitor. the max3538 requires a 560nh pullup inductor fromlnaout to v cc . 10 gnd ground 11 rf_gnd2 second rf ground. connect a 1000pf capacitor from rf_gnd2 to gnd. do not connect rf_gnd2 to rf_gnd1 . 12 vhf_in vhf input. this input is terminated into approximately 75 when not selected. ep gnd exposed paddle. solder evenly to the board s ground plane for proper operation. pin description table 1. sel_uhf operation sel_uhf function 0 receive vhf channels (50mhz to 230mhz) orcable channels below approximately 305mhz. 1 receive uhf channels (470mhz to 810mhz) orcable channels above approximately 305mhz. downloaded from: http:///
max3537/max3538 applications information terrestrial television applications television receivers having dedicated rf inputs for cableand terrestrials reception can optimize the terrestrial path to better meet the difficult requirements recommended by atsc. for dedicated terrestrial reception, the diplex filter is optimized for reception of vhf and uhf channels (50mhz to 230mhz, and 470mhz to 810mhz). the diplex filter attenuates the undesired channels, improving sec- ond-order distortion performance. terrestrial + cable television applications television receivers having one rf input or multipleinputs that must receive cable and terrestrial channels must cover a 50mhz to 860mhz frequency range. the diplex filter must allow reception within this range while still providing attenuation of the undesired band. the typical application circuit provides acceptable gain and noise figure performance over the diplexer transitionband between vhf and uhf, see figures 1 and 3. layout considerations the ev kit serves as a guide for pc board layout. keeprf signal lines as short as possible to minimize losses and radiation. use controlled impedance on all high- frequency traces. for proper operation, solder the exposed paddle evenly to the ground plane. use abun- dant vias beneath the exposed paddle for maximum heat dissipation. use abundant ground vias between rf traces to minimize undesired coupling. bypass v cc to ground with 47nf and 1000nf capacitors placed asclose to the pin as possible, with the 47nf capacitor closest to the device. chip information transistor count: 1982process: bicmos broadband variable-gain amplifiers 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ -20.00 -10.00-15.00 5.00 0 -5.00 15.0010.00 20.00 10 340 450 120 230 560 670 780 890 1000 typical application circuit frequency response frequency (mhz) gain (db) a b c d a: max3538, vhf_in enabledb: max3537, vhf_in enabled c: max3538, uhf_in enabledd: max3537, uhf_in enabled figure 1. frequency response of the max3537/max3538 typical application circuit 2 43 76 5 98 10 10 340 450 120 230 560 670 780 890 1000 typical application circuit noise figure (max3537) frequency (mhz) nf (db) vhf_in enabled uhf_in enabled figure 2. noise figure of max3537 typical applicati on circuit 2 43 76 5 98 10 10 340 450 120 230 560 670 780 890 1000 typical application circuit noise figure (max3538) frequency (mhz) nf (db) vhf_in enabled uhf_in enabled figure 3. noise figure of max3538 typical applicati on circuit downloaded from: http:///
max3537/max3538 broadband variable-gain amplifiers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 12 11 10 456 12 rf_gnd1 3 98 7 r1* r2 20k uhf_shunt * r1 l2 max3537 11.8k open max3538 9.1k 560nh lnaout input v cc rfagcenable sel_uhf uhf_in rfin c1 6.8pf c2 6.8pf c3 1000pf c547pf c61000pf l2 8.2nh l2* v cc v rfagc l1 22nh rf_gnd2gnd vhf_in sel_uhf rbias shdn max3537/3538 c11 1000pf l4 56nh l3 56nh c10 10pf c12 4.7pf c81000pf c7 1000pf tv tuner c4100nf figure 4. typical application circuit typical application circuit downloaded from: http:///
max3537/max3538 broadband variable-gain amplifiers 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ package information (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .) 24l qfn thin.eps package outline, 21-0139 2 1 d 12, 16, 20, 24, 28l thin qfn, 4x4x0.8mm downloaded from: http:///
max3537/max3538 broadband variable-gain amplifiers maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any c ircuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circuit patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the cir cuitry and specifications without notice at any tim e. maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 11 2005 maxim integrated products printed usa is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products, inc. package information (continued) (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .) package outline, 21-0139 2 2 d 12, 16, 20, 24, 28l thin qfn, 4x4x0.8mm downloaded from: http:///

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