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  gm432 v2.00 1 gm432 1.24v adjustable precision shunt regulators www.gammamicro.com.tw application z switching power supplies z linear regulators z adjustable supplies z instrumentation z battery-operated computers, z pda's portable devices z monitors, tv's, camcorders z computer disk drives logic symbol block diagram description the gm432 is a low-voltage three-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulator with specified thermal stabilit y over full temperature range. output voltage can be set to any value from vref (1.24v) to 16v by using two external resistors. the active output circuitry provides a very unique turn-on characteristic, making them excellent replacements for zener diodes in many applications such as onboard regulation and adjustable power supplies. in a wide range of home applications, these versatile darlings are ideal voltage references for 3.0v to 3.3v switching powe r suppliers. gm432 is available in sot23, to92 and sot89 packages. features ? low-voltage operation, down to 1.24v ? 0.5%, and 1% reference voltage tolerance ? adjustable output voltage, from vref to 16v ? sink current capability 80 a to 100ma ? low dynamic output impedance, 0.05 w typical ? wide temperature range, 0 to +70c cathode reference anode 1.24v cathode anode reference
gm432 v 2.00 2 gm432 1.24v adjustable precision shunt regulators marking information and pin configurations (top view) sot23 to92 sot89 ordering information ordering number precision device code grade package shipping gm432at92bg 0.5% a to-92 1,000 units/anti-esd bag gm432at92rlg 0.5% a to-92 2,000 units/ammo pack (tape) GM432AST23RG 0.5% bba a sot-23 3,000 units/tape & reel gm432ast89rg 0.5% a sot-89 1,000 units/tape & reel gm432at92bg 1.0% b to-92 1,000 units/anti-esd bag gm432at92rlg 1.0% b to-92 2,000 units/ammo pack (tape) GM432AST23RG 1.0% bbb b sot-23 3,000 units/tape & reel gm432ast89rg 1.0% b sot-23 3,000 units/tape & reel bbgyw 1 re f anode 2 3 cathode 432g yww ref 1 2 anode 3 cathod e 432g ayww 2 anode 3 cathode ref 1 bb: product code g: grade code (a: 0.5%, b: 1.0%) a: assembly/test site code y: year w: week code ww: week
gm432 v2.00 3 gm432 1.24v adjustable precision shunt regulators absolute maximum ratings parameter symbol ratings units cathode voltage v ka 20 v continuous cathode current range i k 100 ma reference input current range i ref 3ma power dissipation at t a = 25 c sot-23 0.23 to-92 0.78 sot-89 p d 0.8 w package thermal resistance sot23 336 to92 132 sot89 ja 132 c /w operating ambient temperature range t a 0 - 70 c storage temperature - 65 to 150 c lead temperature (soldering 10 sec.) 260 c recommended operating conditions parameter symbol min max cathode voltage v ka v ref 16v cathode current i k 80 a 100ma equivalent schematics 10k 20pf 800 800 20pf 3.28k 2.4k 7.2k 4k 1k cathode reference anode
gm432 v 2.00 4 gm432 1.24v adjustable precision shunt regulators electrical characteristics (t a = 2 5 c unless otherwise specified) parameter symbol condition min typ max unit gm432a 1.234 1.240 1.246 reference voltage gm432b v ref v ka = v ref , i k = 10ma, test circuit 1 1.228 1.240 1.252 v v ref deviation over temperature v ref(dev) v ka = v ref , i k = 10ma, t a = 0 to 70c 10 25 mv ratio of change in v ref to change in v ka v ref / v ka i k = 10ma v ka = 16v to v ref -2.7 -1.0 mv/v reference input current i ref i k = 10ma, r1 = 10k, r2 = test circuit 2 0.15 0.5 a i ref deviation over temperature v ref(dev) i k = 10ma, r1 = 10k, r2 = t a = full range, test circuit 2 0.1 0.4 a minimum cathode current i k(min) v ka = v ref test circuit 1 20 80 a v ka = 6v, v ref = 0v test circuit 3 0.125 0.150 off-state cathode current i k(off) v ka = 16v, v ref = 0v test circuit 3 0.135 0.150 a dynamic impedance |z ka | v ka = v ref , i k = 1ma to 10ma, f 1khz, test circuit 1 0.05 0.15 ? test circuits v in v ka i k(off) v in v ka i k v ref v in v ka i k v ref r1 r2 v ref i ref test circuit 1 v ka = v ref test circuit 2 v ka > v ref test circuit 3 off-state
gm432 v2.00 5 gm432 1.24v adjustable precision shunt regulators applications note 1. set v out according to the follow equation: v out = v ref x(1+r1/r2)+i ref xr1 2. select proper r z the maximum limit for r should be such that the cathode current i k is greater than the minimum operating current (80a) at v in(min) z the minimum limit for r should be such that the cathode current, i k does not exceed 100ma under all load conditions, and the instantaneous turn-on value for i k does not exceed 150ma. typical applications v out v in figure 1. shunt regulator figure 2. high current shunt regulator figure 3. output control for a three terminal fixed regulator figure 4. series pass regulator
gm432 v 2.00 6 gm432 1.24v adjustable precision shunt regulators typical applications figure 5. constant current source figure 6. constant current sink figure 7. triac crowbar figure 8. src crowbar
gm432 v2.00 7 gm432 1.24v adjustable precision shunt regulators typical characteristics figure 9. cathode current vs cathode voltage figure 10. cathode current vs cathode voltage figure 11. ref voltage vs. junction temperature figure 12. ref input current vs. junction temperature
gm432 v 2.00 8 gm432 1.24v adjustable precision shunt regulators stability boundary conditions when using the gm432 as a shunt regulator, the stability could be optimized by setting c l either (1) no load capacitance across the gm432, decouple at the load; or (2) large capacitance across the gm432, optional decoupling at the load. the gm432 can become unstable with capacitances of approximately 10nf to 1 f when cathode current is less than 3ma or so, with instability increasing as cathode current is reduced. for example, cathode current of 10ma with a 0.1 f capacitor across it, it can oscillate transiently as the cathode current rises through the region of instability. to avoid this problem completely, simply eliminate the capacitor or select a very low or very high (e.g. 10 f) capacitor c l . since you will probably want local decoupling at the load, the best idea is to use no capacitance across the device. just the resistance and capacitanc e of the pcb traces will prevent local load decoupling from causing transient oscillation during start-up. * stability boundary condition test shows that tantalum capacitors are recommended to minimize the conditions that may cause the device to oscillate.
gm432 v2.00 9 gm432 1.24v adjustable precision shunt regulators small signal gain and phase package outline dimensions ? sot 23 0.003 - 0.007 (0.08 - 0.18) 0.110 - 0.120 (2.80 - 3.04) 0.047 - 0.055 (1.20 - 1.40) (1.91) 0.075 typ. 0.083 - 0.104 (2.11 - 2.62) 0.0150 - 0.0200 (0.382 - 0.508) typ. 0.037 (0.93) 0.0005 - 0.0040 (0.025 - 0.102) 0 - 8 typ 0.013 - 0.017 (0.34 - 0.44) 0.013 - 0.017 (0.34 - 0.44) figure 13. small signal voltage gain/phase margin vs. frequency figure 14. test circuit ? small signal gain and phase
gm432 v 2.00 10 gm432 1.24v adjustable precision shunt regulators package outline dimensions ? sot 89 0.084 - 0.090 (2.13 - 2.28) (4.39 - 4.59) 8 0.155 - 0.167 (3.94 - 4.24) (2.28 - 2.59) 0.118 bsc (2.99) bsc 0.059 bsc (1.49) bsc 0.061 ref (1.550 ref) 0.035 - 0.047 (0.89 - 1.19) 0.090 - 0.102 0.016 - 0.023 (0.400 - 0.580) (0.320 - 0.520) 0.013 - 0.021 0.173 - 0.181 0.055 - 0.063 (1.39 - 1.60) 0.014 - 0.017 (0.35 - 0.43) package outline dimensions ? to 92 2.10 - 2.27 4.7 - 5.2 0.4 - 0.55 typ. 3.85 - 4.19 12.7 - 14.2 1.22 - 1.32 4.9 - 5.2 dimensions are in millimeters
gm432 v2.00 11 gm432 1.24v adjustable precision shunt regulators ordering number g m 432 a st23 r g output accuracy package type shipping type apm gamma micro circuit type a: 0.5% b: 1.0% t92: to-92 st23:sot-23 st89: sot-89 b: bag rl: ammo pack ( t ape) t: tube r: t ape & reel g:green note: pb-free products: ? rohs compliant and compatible with the cu rrent require-ments of ipc/jedec j-std-020. ? suitable for use in pb-free soldering processes with 100% matte tin (sn) plating. green products: ? lead-free (rohs compliant) ? halogen free(br or cl does not exceed 900ppm by weight in homogeneous material and total of br and cl does not exceed 1500ppm by weight)


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