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copyright ? 2006 future technology devices international ltd. future technology devices international ltd. anVNC1L-01 vinculum VNC1L bootloader
table of contents p a r t i vinculum VNC1L bootloader 2 p a r t i i VNC1L bootloader commands 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1 set data variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 read flash block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3 write flash block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4 echo p a r t i i i VNC1L bootloader pseudo code 7 p a r t i v VNC1L bootloader hardware interface 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1 VNC1L programming over usb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 2 VNC1L programming from a com port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 3 VNC1L programming from an mcu p a r t v revision history 1 4 p a r t v i contact 1 5 p a r t v i i disclaimer 1 6 anVNC1L-01 vinculum VNC1L bootloader v1.2 i c o p y r i g h t ? 2 0 0 6 f u t u r e t e c h n o l o g y d e v i c e s i n t e r n a t i o n a l l t d .
2 v i n c u l u m v n c 1 l b o o t l o a d e r copyright ? 2006 future technology devices international ltd. 1 vinculum VNC1L bootloader this document describes the commands available for communicating with the VNC1L device's bootloader and how to use them. a chapter is also included on how to interface to the vinculum VNC1L device uart for reprogramming the flash memory using the bootloader.
3 anVNC1L-01 vinculum VNC1L bootloader v1.2 c o p y r i g h t ? 2 0 0 6 f u t u r e t e c h n o l o g y d e v i c e s i n t e r n a t i o n a l l t d . 2 VNC1L bootloader commands 2.1 set data variables command bytes 0x01, timerlow, timerhigh, baud1, baud2, baud3 response bytes 0x02 remarks this command allows the flash program time and baud rate to be specified. a value of 6000 (0x1770) should be used for the program time ( timerlow = 0x70 and timerhigh = 0x17 ). the baud rate should be specified according to the table below. a value of 1mbaud gives fast and reliable flash programming ( baud1 = 0x03, baud2 = 0x00, baud3 = 0x00). the bootloader defaults to a baud rate of 115200. baud rate table baud rate baud1 baud2 baud3 300 0x10 0x27 0x00 600 0x88 0x13 0x00 1200 0xc4 0x09 0x00 2400 0xe2 0x04 0x00 4800 0x71 0x02 0x00 9600 0x38 0x41 0x00 19200 0x9c 0x80 0x00 38400 0x4e 0xc0 0x00 57600 0x34 0xc0 0x00 115200 0x1a 0x00 0x00 230400 0x0d 0x00 0x00 460800 0x06 0x40 0x00 921600 0x03 0x80 0x00 1000000 0x03 0x00 0x00 1500000 0x02 0x00 0x00 2000000 0x01 0x00 0x00 3000000 0x00 0x00 0x00 note : baud rates in gold cannot be used for flash programming due to the time required to write to the flash memory. 1000000 baud (1mbaud) is the fastest baud rate that should be used for flash programming.
4 v n c 1 l b o o t l o a d e r c o m m a n d s copyright ? 2006 future technology devices international ltd. 2.2 read flash block command bytes 0x02, flashaddresslow, flashaddresshigh, count response bytes 0x02 data block read remarks this command reads count bytes from the flash memory starting at the address given by the flash address word which can be calculated as follows: flash address = (( flashaddresshigh shifted left 8) or 0xff) and flashaddresslow for example, to read a flash address of 0xabcd the values to be sent in the command would be flashaddresshigh = 0xab and flashaddresslow = 0xcd. a count value of 128 bytes should be used.
5 anVNC1L-01 vinculum VNC1L bootloader v1.2 c o p y r i g h t ? 2 0 0 6 f u t u r e t e c h n o l o g y d e v i c e s i n t e r n a t i o n a l l t d . 2.3 write flash block command bytes 0x03, flashaddresslow, flashaddresshigh, count (followed by a response of 0x02) data block to write response bytes 0x02 after command (after count sent) 0x02 after data block sent remarks this command writes count bytes to the flash memory starting at the address given by the flash address word which can be calculated as follows: flash address = (( flashaddresshigh shifted left 8) or 0xff) and flashaddresslow for example, to write a flash address of 0xabcd the values to be sent in the command would be flashaddresshigh = 0xab and flashaddresslow = 0xcd. a count value of 128 bytes should be used.
6 v n c 1 l b o o t l o a d e r c o m m a n d s copyright ? 2006 future technology devices international ltd. 2.4 echo command bytes 0xff or 0xfa response bytes 0xff or 0xfa remarks this command is echoed by the VNC1L bootloader. if 0xff is sent, it returns 0xff. similarly, if 0xfa is sent then 0xfa is returned. these commands can be used to synchronise to the bootloader before programming the flash.
7 anVNC1L-01 vinculum VNC1L bootloader v1.2 c o p y r i g h t ? 2 0 0 6 f u t u r e t e c h n o l o g y d e v i c e s i n t e r n a t i o n a l l t d . 3 VNC1L bootloader pseudo code a simplified VNC1L programming application outline is provided below, not taking account of error recovery. a VNC1L programming application should perform the following steps: initialise programmer uart with the following characteristics: baud rate: 115200 data bits: 8 stop bits: 1 parity: none handshaking: rts/cts synchronise the programmer and VNC1L loop send an echo command (0xff) wait for a response read bytes available until last byte received is the echo response (0xff) send alternative echo command (0xfa) loop check for data available if data available, read it. otherwise wait for data until last byte received is the echo response (0xfa) if last byte received was the alternative echo response, then synchronisation complete if last byte received was not the alternative echo response, repeat synchronisation set desired VNC1L baud rate and timer value of 6000 using the set?data?variables command set programmer uart to the same baud rate as the VNC1L program flash from file loop read a block of data from the firmware rom file send write?flash?block command for count bytes (128 bytes required) wait for acknowledgement (0x02) write the block of data to the VNC1L until the complete firmware file has been written to the flash memory verify the flash contents loop read a block of data from the firmware rom file send the read?flash?block command requesting count bytes (128 bytes required) wait for acknowledgement (0x02) wait for count bytes to be returned compare the data from the rom file and the flash memory if they do not match, flag an error until the entire firmware file has been compared to the entire flash memory or an error was found flash programming complete 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 5 4
8 v n c 1 l b o o t l o a d e r h a r d w a r e i n t e r f a c e copyright ? 2006 future technology devices international ltd. 4 VNC1L bootloader hardware interface the vinculum VNC1L bootloader uses the uart interface to load new firmware into the vinculum flash memory. the uart can be interfaced to in the following ways: using?an?ftdi?usb-serial?device using?a?legacy?com?port using?a?microcontroller?with?a?uart 9 11 12
9 anVNC1L-01 vinculum VNC1L bootloader v1.2 c o p y r i g h t ? 2 0 0 6 f u t u r e t e c h n o l o g y d e v i c e s i n t e r n a t i o n a l l t d . 4.1 VNC1L programming over usb the VNC1L device can be programmed from a pc usb port using an ftdi usb-serial converter device such as the ft232r , ft232bm or ft8u232am . this is the fastest way to reprogram the VNC1L flash memory as data can be transferred to the vinculum device at up to 1mbaud. the mm232r and um232r provide a convenient way of interfacing the ft232r to a vinculum VNC1L design or the vdip1 evaluation module and will allow for programmatically controlling the state of the prog# and reset# pins. ftdi's standard vinculum evaluation kits ( vdrive1 , vmusic1 , vf2f ) all have a 6-pin header which can be interfaced to the ft232r -based ttl-232r-3v3 cable to allow firmware reflashing and require a jumper to be set to enable the bootloader at power up. the required connections between the VNC1L and an ft232r device for programmatically controlling the prog# and reset# pins is shown below: note that cbus bit bang mode must be enabled in the ft232r eeprom for cbus2 and cbus3 for this to function (see an232r-01?bit?bang?modes?for?the?ft232r?and?ft245r for details of cbus bit bang mode). to enable the bootloader, the prog# pin must be driven low and the VNC1L must then be reset by driving the reset# pin low then high. run mode can be enabled by driving the prog# pin high and then resetting the VNC1L by driving the reset# pin low then high. if using an ft232bm, ft8u232am or an ft232r without using cbus bit bang on cbus2 and cbus3 to programmatically control the prog# and reset# pins, a jumpered configuration is required as follows:
10 v n c 1 l b o o t l o a d e r h a r d w a r e i n t e r f a c e copyright ? 2006 future technology devices international ltd. note that for the bootloader to be active the jumper must be fitted before powering the VNC1L. if the jumper is not fitted, the VNC1L will power up in run mode with the bootloader inactive. both of the configurations above are supported by the vprog?application which can be downloaded from the vinculum?web?site .
11 anVNC1L-01 vinculum VNC1L bootloader v1.2 c o p y r i g h t ? 2 0 0 6 f u t u r e t e c h n o l o g y d e v i c e s i n t e r n a t i o n a l l t d . 4.2 VNC1L programming from a com port it is possible to program firmware into the VNC1L using a legacy pc com port, provided that the com port to be used is capable of at least 115200 baud. this is required because the VNC1L bootloader defaults to 115200 baud. the baud rate may be changed by issuing a set?data?variables command to the VNC1L after establishing communication at 115200 baud. programming the VNC1L device using a legacy com port requires the use of an rs232 level converter on the uart of the VNC1L to convert between the rs232 signal level and the VNC1L 3.3v level (5v safe). in addition, a jumper has to be fitted to the prog# pin of the VNC1L to allow for switching between program mode and run mode. note that for the bootloader to be active the jumper must be fitted before powering the VNC1L. if the jumper is not fitted, the VNC1L will power up in run mode with the bootloader inactive. a sample block diagram of the hardware requirements for programming from a legacy com port is shown below: at present, programming from a legacy com port will require software development to create a flash programming application. 3
12 v n c 1 l b o o t l o a d e r h a r d w a r e i n t e r f a c e copyright ? 2006 future technology devices international ltd. 4.3 VNC1L programming from an mcu VNC1L firmware can also be updated via a microcontroller with a uart. the microcontroller must be capable of at least 115200 baud. this is required because the VNC1L bootloader defaults to 115200 baud. the baud rate may be changed by issuing a set?data?variables command to the VNC1L after establishing communication at 115200 baud. also, the VNC1L uart requires the use of rts/cts flow control. if the mcu uart does not automatically handle hardware handshaking, this must be implemented in the mcu firmware. as with the ft232r programming?the?VNC1L?over?usb , it is possible to use two of the available mcu ios to control the prog# and reset# pins from the mcu firmware. the following diagram illustrates this arrangement: to enable the bootloader, the prog# pin must be driven low and the VNC1L must then be reset by driving the reset# pin low then high. run mode can be enabled by driving the prog# pin high and then resetting the VNC1L by driving the reset# pin low then high. in a situation where ios from the mcu are not being used to control the prog# and reset# pins, a jumper must be used to manually enable program or run mode. a sample block diagram of the hardware requirements for programming from an mcu with a jumper controlling prog# is shown below: 3 9
13 anVNC1L-01 vinculum VNC1L bootloader v1.2 c o p y r i g h t ? 2 0 0 6 f u t u r e t e c h n o l o g y d e v i c e s i n t e r n a t i o n a l l t d . note that for the bootloader to be active the jumper must be fitted before powering the VNC1L. if the jumper is not fitted, the VNC1L will power up in run mode with the bootloader inactive. programming the VNC1L from an mcu will require firmware development to allow flash programming.
14 r e v i s i o n h i s t o r y copyright ? 2006 future technology devices international ltd. 5 revision history version release date comments 1.0 september 2006 initial release. 1.1 september 2006 typo correction and synchronisation reorder. 1.2 october 2006 added statement for pseudo code not including error recovery. added reference to an232r-01 for cbus bit bang mode. added #s to rts and cts signals in diagrams. 1.3 november 2006 changed 128 byte reocmmendation for write flash block and read flash block to a requirement.
15 anVNC1L-01 vinculum VNC1L bootloader v1.2 c o p y r i g h t ? 2 0 0 6 f u t u r e t e c h n o l o g y d e v i c e s i n t e r n a t i o n a l l t d . 6 contact head office - glasgow, uk future technology devices international limited 373 scotland street glasgow g5 8qb united kingdom tel: +44 (0) 141 429 2777 fax: +44 (0) 141 429 2758 e-mail (sales): sales1@ftdichip.com e-mail (support): support2@ftdichip.com e-mail (general enquiries): admin1@ftdichip.com web site url: http://www.ftdichip.com web shop url: http://apple.clickandbuild.com/cnb/shop/ftdichip branch office - taiwan future technology devices international limited (taiwan) 4f, no 16-1, sec. 6 mincyuan east road neihu district taipei 114 taiwan roc tel: +886 2 8791 3570 fax: +886 2 8791 3576 e-mail (sales): tw.sales1@ftdichip.com e-mail (support): tw.support1@ftdichip.com e-mail (general enquiries): tw.admin1@ftdichip.com web site url: http://www.ftdichip.com branch office - hillsboro, oregon, usa future technology devices international limited (usa) 5285 ne elam young parkway suite b800 hillsboro, or 97124-6499 usa tel: +1 (503) 547-0988 fax: +1 (503) 547-0987 e-mail (sales): us.sales@ftdichip.com e-mail (support): support2@ftdichip.com e-mail (general enquiries): admin1@ftdichip.com web site url: http://www.ftdichip.com agents and sales representatives please visit the sales?network page of the ftdi?web?site for the contact details of our distributor(s) in your country.
16 d i s c l a i m e r copyright ? 2006 future technology devices international ltd. 7 disclaimer copyright ? 2006 future technology devices international ltd. neither the whole nor any part of the information contained in, or the product described in this manual, may be adapted or reproduced in any material or electronic form without the prior written consent of the copyright holder. this product and its documentation are supplied on an as-is basis and no warranty as to their suitability for any particular purpose is either made or implied. future technology devices international ltd. will not accept any claim for damages howsoever arising as a result of use or failure of this product. your statutory rights are not affected. this product or any variant of it is not intended for use in any medical appliance, device or system in which the failure of the product might reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. this document provides preliminary information that may be subject to change without notice.

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