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apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 1 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com ? connect using a simple diode bridge directly to ac power ? power saving ? long life time ? simple bom ? miniaturization ? low thermal resistance ? smt solderability ? lead free product ? rohs compliant ? architectural lighting ? residential lighting ? task lighting ? decorative/pathway lighting features applications the acriche series of devices are designed for ease of implementation and readily connect to ac sources emitting very high flux while minimizing driver requirements. acriche products are long - lasting, environmentally friendly semiconductor light sources that can be attached either directly to ac voltages, or as with the a4, to a simple diode br idge (see fig 6). acriche s thermal management exceeds other power led solutions incorporating state - of - the - art smd technology, thermal path design, and low thermal resistant materials. whether designing a spot light or tiled array, the acriche a4 is an ideal light source for general purpose illumination applications . this application note provides assembly and handling information of the a4 series. introduction SAWX4A0X application note: designing with acriche a4
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 2 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com contents 1. component 1.1 description ---------------------------------------------------------------- ------- 3 1.2 mechanical dimension ---------------------------------------------------------- 3 1.3 pcb solder pad layout ----------------------------------------------------------- 4 1.4 junction temperature ----------------------------------------------------------- 4 1.5 lens handling --------- ----------------------------------------------------------- 5 2. driver configurations 2.1 description ---------------------------------------------------------------- ------- 5 2.2 proper resistor selection ------------------------------------------------------- 5 2.3 optional components/configurations ----------------------------------------- 7 2.4 circuit configuration performance ------------------------------------------- 18 2.5 relative light output between ac and dc ------------------------------------ 19 2.6 combining different voltage bins --------------------------------------------- 20 2.7 color bin selection ------------------------------------------------------------- 21 3. protection 3.1 description ---------------------------------------------------------------- ------ 22 3.2 lightning surges, voltage spikes or ring wave protection --------------- 22 3.3 over - current and over - temperature protection ---------------------------- 22
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 3 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com 1. component 1.1 description the acriche a4 emitter is designed to operate off of rectified h igh voltage ac. the a4 pkg contains a high brightness, high voltage led chip array on a cer amic substrate that functions as a mechanical support for the chips and connects the led chip to th e anode and cathode of the package. each a4 emitter contains a zener diode to provide esd protection. a silicone lens covering the led chip helps to extract the light and provide env ironmental protection. anode cathode thermal pad (electrically isolated) silicone lens (over the chips) ceramic substrate 1.2 mechanical dimensions as seen in fig 2 below, the theoretical optical center is locate d at the center of the a4 package. the anode, cathode and thermal pads are located on the bottom of the package. the cathode mark indicates the cathode pad location. the ceramic substrate e lectrically isolates the thermal pad or slug from the cathode and anode. electrical shocks can oc cur at high voltage, therefore safety considerations should be taken into account by following ul rec ommendations. the a4 has been ul recognized . figure 1. acriche a4 (left) and bottom of a4 (right) figure 2. acriche a4 mechanical dimensions(mm )
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 4 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com 1.3 pcb solder pad layout the acriche a4 emitter should be mounted on a printed circuit bo ard for electrical connections and to give a proper thermal path between the led package and th e heat sink. a temperature check point is recommended to be designed into the solder pad la yout which can be used to calculate the junction temperature for thermal degradation and l ife time calculations. the solder pad should not be designed larger than the recommended size as t he part may shift and excess solder paste may form solder balls which can create electrical s horts between internal pads on the package (figure 4). 1.4 junction temperature the life time of the acriche a4 emitter is most directly related to the junction temperature, but it is impossible to measure the junction temperature directly witho ut any damage. tj can be theoretically calculated by using the thermal resistance between the led junction and the board. the equation for tj is: tj [ ] = t b[ ] + r j - b[ /w] x emitter power[w ]. the equation of the emitter power is calculated using the follow ing formula: p[w] = input vrms[v] x input irms[a] x power factor C irms 2 [a] x resistor value[ ]. the rectifier power dissipation is negligible so we are not usin g this in the calculations, although we do need the power factor(pf ) for the a4 emitter. it is about 0.89 in the typical drive configuration consisting of only a rectifier and a resistor. (n ote: the pf is 1.00 generally in constant current drive). figure 3. recommended pcb solder pad layout 6.4 6.4 0.5 2.6 4.4 temperature check point figure 4. incorrect soldering of the acriche a4 emitter internal electrical shorts can occur from solder balls if excess solder paste is used. the led may be partially on or totally turned off. chip metal pcb solder paste silicone lens ceramic substrate t j (junction temperature) t b (board temperature) figure 5. thermal modeling of the acriche a4 emitter
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 5 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com 1.5 lens handling improper handling of the led packages can damage the silicone le ns. avoid touching the silicone dome of the led especially with sharp tools. pick up the led on the sides of the package. any physical force to the silicone lens in excess of 3000gf will per manently and fatally damage the part. the silicone dome is sensitive to dust and debris and can cause an optical output decrease. if dust or debris accumulates on the lens, isopropyl alcohol (ipa) can b e used to remove dust from the lens. 2. driver configurations 2.1 description the acriche a4 emitter is designed to operate directly off of ac line power(e.g 120vac, 230vac) with a rectifier, resistors or optional capacitor(s ). this compact circuit can minimize the lighting product size, help simplify thermal design , and increase overall product reliability. it is also an economical solution because you do not need to have all the extra components. typical low voltage dc circuits require a transformer, regulator and multiple discrete components such as capacitors, inductors, resistors. 2.2 proper resistor selection operating the acriche a4 emitter requires a bridge rectifier and resistors at a minimum, since the architecture of the a4 has been modified from the earlier versio ns of the acriche family(a2, a3), which did not need a bridge. this architecture has a string of leds in one direction only, compared to the previous version which has strings in both direc tions, thereby not requiring the diode bridge previously. utilizing the new architecture, we are able to reduce the number of leds needed, thereby reducing package size and price. it is better to use higher than rated power resistors for reliab ility. the rated power of the resistor should be chosen based on the equation irms(a )* irms(a )*resistor value(ohms ). the normal power rating of a 3216 size resistor is 0.25w. if the power cons umption in one resistor exceeds the rated power of the resistor it is suggested to use multiple resistors in parallel.
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 6 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com n/a 120 270 420 25 ma,rms 3 w 610 760 910 1060 20 ma,rms 2 w 110 vac 125 275 425 575 30 ma,rms 4 w 315 465 615 765 25 ma,rms 3 w 675 825 975 1125 25 ma,rms 3 w 1060 1210 1360 1510 20 ma,rms 2 w 120 vac 420 570 720 870 30 ma,rms 4 w n/a n/a 135 285 30 ma,rms 4 w 180 330 480 630 20 ma,rms 2 w 100 vac d c b a vf bins target drive current power dissipation input voltage figure 6. compact drive circuit configuration 100~120vac table 1. resistor values in figure 6. (left) table 2. resistor values in figure 6. (right) * notes : [1] ssc recommends that ms6b (max input voltage: 420vrms) wou ld be used as a bridge rectifier. [2] applicable part numbers are currently saw04a0a (aw4240 - 01) and saw84a0c (an4240 - 03) r out bd v in acriche a4 r out acriche a4 bd v in 160 235 310 385 50 ma,rms 6 w 60 135 210 285 60 ma,rms 8 w 530 605 680 755 40 ma,rms 4 w 120 vac n/a n/a 65 140 60 ma,rms 8 w 305 380 455 530 40 ma,rms 4 w 110 vac 340 415 490 565 50 ma,rms 6 w 210 285 360 435 60 ma,rms 8 w n/a 60 135 210 50 ma,rms 6 w 90 165 240 315 40 ma,rms 4 w 100 vac d c b a vf bins target drive current power dissipation input voltage
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 7 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com figure 7. standard compact drive circuit configuration 220~240va c 580 880 1180 1480 30 ma,rms 8 w 2180 2480 2780 3080 20 ma,rms 4 w 240 vac 1390 1690 1990 2290 25 ma,rms 6 w 280 580 880 1180 30 ma,rms 8 w 1740 2040 2340 2640 20 ma,rms 4 w 230 vac 1030 1330 1630 1930 25 ma,rms 6 w 880 1180 1480 1780 30 ma,rms 8 w 670 970 1270 1570 25 ma,rms 6 w 1300 1600 1900 2200 20 ma,rms 4 w 220 vac d c b a vf bins target drive current power dissipation input voltage table 3. resistor values in figure 7. r out acriche a4 bd v in 2.3 optional components/configurations acriche a4 can be operated in three additional optional configur ations if higher efficiency or less flicker is needed. these optional configurations can lower power factor as seen in table 13. the three different component configurations consist of a bridge diode, resistor, and capacitor(s ). optional configuration #1 : output resistor + output capcacitor(parallel ) optional configuration #2 : input capacitor(series ) + output resistor optional configuration #3 : input capacitor(series ) + output capcacitor(parallel ) + output resistor figure 8. current waveforms of different circuit configurations 0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 current [ma] time [ms] standard ac driving optional configuration#1 optional configuration#2 optional configuration#3
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 8 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com figure 9. optional compact drive circuit configuration#1 table 4. resistor and capacitor values in figure 9 250 620 1000 1370 47 uf 30 ma,rms 1540 1920 2290 2670 47 uf 20 ma,rms 5 ea 830 1210 1580 1960 47 uf 20 ma,rms 5 ea 2250 2630 3000 3380 47 uf 20 ma,rms 5 ea 720 1100 1470 1850 47 uf 30 ma,rms 1840 1990 2140 2290 100 uf 20 ma,rms 2 ea 50hz/60hz 110 vac 910 1060 1210 1360 100 uf 30 ma,rms 460 610 760 910 100 uf 40 ma,rms 2540 2690 2840 2990 100 uf 20 ma,rms 2 ea 50hz/60hz 120 vac 1380 1530 1680 1830 100 uf 30 ma,rms 810 960 1110 1260 100 uf 40 ma,rms 1130 1280 1430 1580 100 uf 20 ma,rms 2 ea 50hz/60hz 100 vac 440 590 740 890 100 uf 30 ma,rms 5150 5450 5750 6050 47 uf 20 ma,rms 4 ea 50hz/60hz 240 vac 2800 3100 3400 3700 47 uf 30 ma,rms 1650 1950 2250 2550 47 uf 40 ma,rms 40 ma,rms 30 ma,rms 20 ma,rms 40 ma,rms 30 ma,rms 20 ma,rms target drive current (i led, not i in ) 50hz/60hz 50hz/60hz frequency 4 ea 4 ea led# 2350 2650 2950 3250 47 uf 1300 1600 1900 2200 47 uf 950 1250 1550 1850 47 uf 4450 4750 5050 5350 47 uf 230 vac 1850 2150 2450 2750 47 uf 3750 4050 4350 4650 47 uf 220 vac d c b a rout for vf bins cout input voltage r out c out acriche a4 bd v in optional circuit configuration#1 : this adds an output capacitor to the standard circuit. this configuration has no flicker. the current shape through the a4 package is similar to dc current, as seen in figure 8. input current and led current are not the same value. the target drive current indicates led current through a4 pkg. there is no differ ence in resistor values between 50hz and 60hz of frequency.
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 9 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com figure 10. optional compact drive circuit configuration#2 table 5. resistor and capacitor values in figure 10 (220vac) 1060 nf 980 nf 920 nf 870 nf 100 40 ma,rms 290 nf 290 nf 290 nf 290 nf 100 20 ma,rms 2 ea 450 nf 440 nf 440 nf 440 nf 100 30 ma,rms 610 nf 600 nf 600 nf 600 nf 100 40 ma,rms 260 nf 260 nf 260 nf 260 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 390 nf 390 nf 380 nf 380 nf 100 30 ma,rms 520 nf 520 nf 510 nf 510 nf 100 40 ma,rms 580 nf 530 nf 490 nf 470 nf 100 20 ma,rms 4 ea 60 hz n/a 1100 nf 880 nf 770 nf 100 30 ma,rms 360 nf 350 nf 350 nf 340 nf 100 20 ma,rms 3 ea 590 nf 570 nf 550 nf 530 nf 100 30 ma,rms 880 nf 810 nf 760 nf 730 nf 100 40 ma,rms 350 nf 350 nf 350 nf 350 nf 100 20 ma,rms 2 ea 540 nf 530 nf 530 nf 530 nf 100 30 ma,rms 730 nf 720 nf 720 nf 720 nf 100 40 ma,rms 310 nf 310 nf 310 nf 310 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 460 nf 460 nf 460 nf 460 nf 100 30 ma,rms 620 nf 620 nf 620 nf 620 nf 100 40 ma,rms 710 nf 680 nf 650 nf 630 nf 100 30 ma,rms 430 nf 420 nf 420 nf 410 nf 100 20 ma,rms 3 ea 30 ma,rms 20 ma,rms target drive current (i led = i in ) 50 hz frequency 4 ea led# n/a 1320 nf 1060 nf 920 nf 100 700 nf 640 nf 590 nf 560 nf 100 220 vac d c b a cin for vf bins rout input voltage r out c in acriche a4 bd v in optional circuit configuration#2 : this adds an input capacitor to the standard circuit. this configuration has the same current shape through the a4 package as the standard ac drive ( as seen in figure 8), but since it can only drive one led string it is very suitable for compact designs like a candle lamp. additionally the circuit efficiency is very high(see table 13). you can also improve efficiency a little by eliminating the output resistor(rout ), but ssc recommends using rout for surge immunity.
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 10 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com table 6. resistor and capacitor values in figure 10 (230vac) n/a n/a 1190 nf 980 nf 100 40 ma,rms n/a n/a 1430 nf 1180 nf 100 40 ma,rms 940 nf 880 nf 840 nf 800 nf 100 40 ma,rms 270 nf 270 nf 270 nf 270 nf 100 20 ma,rms 2 ea 420 nf 420 nf 420 nf 420 nf 100 30 ma,rms 570 nf 560 nf 560 nf 560 nf 100 40 ma,rms 240 nf 240 nf 240 nf 240 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 370 nf 370 nf 370 nf 370 nf 100 30 ma,rms 490 nf 490 nf 490 nf 490 nf 100 40 ma,rms 490 nf 460 nf 430 nf 420 nf 100 20 ma,rms 4 ea 60 hz 1060 nf 850 nf 740 nf 670 nf 100 30 ma,rms 330 nf 330 nf 320 nf 320 nf 100 20 ma,rms 3 ea 540 nf 520 nf 500 nf 490 nf 100 30 ma,rms 780 nf 730 nf 700 nf 670 nf 100 40 ma,rms 330 nf 330 nf 330 nf 330 nf 100 20 ma,rms 2 ea 500 nf 500 nf 500 nf 500 nf 100 30 ma,rms 690 nf 680 nf 680 nf 680 nf 100 40 ma,rms 290 nf 290 nf 290 nf 290 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 440 nf 440 nf 440 nf 440 nf 100 30 ma,rms 590 nf 590 nf 590 nf 590 nf 100 40 ma,rms 640 nf 620 nf 600 nf 590 nf 100 30 ma,rms 400 nf 390 nf 390 nf 380 nf 100 20 ma,rms 3 ea 30 ma,rms 20 ma,rms target drive current (i led = i in ) 50 hz frequency 4 ea led# 1280 nf 1020 nf 890 nf 800 nf 100 590 nf 550 nf 520 nf 500 nf 100 230 vac d c b a cin for vf bins rout input voltage
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 11 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com table 7. resistor and capacitor values in figure 10 (240vac) n/a 1250 nf 990 nf 860 nf 100 40 ma,rms n/a 1500 nf 1180 nf 1030 nf 100 40 ma,rms 850 nf 810 nf 770 nf 750 nf 100 40 ma,rms 260 nf 260 nf 260 nf 260 nf 100 20 ma,rms 2 ea 400 nf 390 nf 390 nf 390 nf 100 30 ma,rms 540 nf 530 nf 530 nf 530 nf 100 40 ma,rms 230 nf 230 nf 230 nf 230 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 350 nf 350 nf 350 nf 350 nf 100 30 ma,rms 470 nf 470 nf 470 nf 470 nf 100 40 ma,rms 430 nf 410 nf 390 nf 380 nf 100 20 ma,rms 4 ea 60 hz 820 nf 710 nf 640 nf 600 nf 100 30 ma,rms 310 nf 300 nf 300 nf 300 nf 100 20 ma,rms 3 ea 490 nf 480 nf 470 nf 460 nf 100 30 ma,rms 710 nf 670 nf 640 nf 620 nf 100 40 ma,rms 310 nf 310 nf 310 nf 310 nf 100 20 ma,rms 2 ea 480 nf 470 nf 470 nf 470 nf 100 30 ma,rms 650 nf 640 nf 640 nf 640 nf 100 40 ma,rms 280 nf 280 nf 280 nf 280 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 420 nf 420 nf 420 nf 420 nf 100 30 ma,rms 560 nf 560 nf 560 nf 560 nf 100 40 ma,rms 590 nf 570 nf 560 nf 550 nf 100 30 ma,rms 370 nf 370 nf 360 nf 360 nf 100 20 ma,rms 3 ea 30 ma,rms 20 ma,rms target drive current (i led = i in ) 50 hz frequency 4 ea led# 990 nf 860 nf 770 nf 720 nf 100 510 nf 490 nf 470 nf 450 nf 100 240 vac d c b a cin for vf bins rout input voltage
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 12 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com table 8. resistor and capacitor values in figure 10 (100~120 vac ) 60 hz 60 hz 60 hz 1490 nf 1330 nf 1230 nf 1150 nf 100 20 ma,rms 2 ea 50 hz 110 vac n/a 3100 nf 2290 nf 1950 nf 100 30 ma,rms 700 nf 700 nf 690 nf 690 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 1080 nf 1070 nf 1060 nf 1050 nf 100 30 ma,rms 1500 nf 1470 nf 1440 nf 1420 nf 100 40 ma,rms 1250 nf 1110 nf 1020 nf 960 nf 100 20 ma,rms 2 ea n/a 2550 nf 1910 nf 1620 nf 100 30 ma,rms 590 nf 580 nf 580 nf 580 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 900 nf 890 nf 880 nf 870 nf 100 30 ma,rms 1250 nf 1220 nf 1200 nf 1180 nf 100 40 ma,rms 120 vac n/a 3500 nf 2570 nf 2170 nf 100 40 ma,rms 1740 nf 1700 nf 1660 nf 1630 nf 100 40 ma,rms 880 nf 930 nf 800 nf 760 nf 100 20 ma,rms 2 ea 1800 nf 1510 nf 1350 nf 1240 nf 100 30 ma,rms n/a 2900 nf 2140 nf 1810 nf 100 40 ma,rms 520 nf 520 nf 520 nf 510 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 800 nf 790 nf 790 nf 780 nf 100 30 ma,rms 1100 nf 1080 nf 1070 nf 1050 nf 100 40 ma,rms 1060 nf 1000 nf 950 nf 920 nf 100 20 ma,rms 2 ea 50 hz 2150 nf 1810 nf 1620 nf 1480 nf 100 30 ma,rms 630 nf 620 nf 620 nf 620 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 960 nf 950 nf 940 nf 940 nf 100 30 ma,rms 1320 nf 1300 nf 1280 nf 1260 nf 100 40 ma,rms n/a 1950 nf 1550 nf 1340 nf 100 20 ma,rms 2 ea 670 nf 660 nf 660 nf 650 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 1040 nf 1020 nf 1010 nf 1000 nf 100 30 ma,rms 1450 nf 1410 nf 1380 nf 1350 nf 100 40 ma,rms 1250 nf 1230 nf 1210 nf 1200 nf 100 30 ma,rms 800 nf 800 nf 790 nf 780 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 20 ma,rms target drive current (i led = i in ) 50 hz frequency 2 ea led# n/a 2340 nf 1850 nf 1600 nf 100 100vac d c b a cin for vf bins rout input voltage
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 13 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com 0 10 20 30 40 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 current [ma,rms] time [ms] configuration #2 led#-4ea led#-3ea led#-2ea led#-1ea figure 11. led current shape for 1 - 4 leds. input voltage is 230vac@50hz and target led current is 20ma,rms. we can also see based on figure 10, the peak currents and wavefo rms are different based on number of leds in the circuit. the more leds in the circuit the higher the peak current in identical currents(i.e . 20ma rms ). this translates into lower luminous output because of droop, but we will see higher power factors with more leds. flicker can be more pr ominent with a higher number of leds as you can see there is more off time with more l eds. 184 207 230 253 276 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 nomalized current [%] current [ma,rms] input voltage [vac] at 50hz configuration #2 led#-4ea led#-3ea led#-2ea led#-1ea figure 12. led current variation at input voltage range (230vac 20%) in figure10. figure 12 shows led current vs input voltage variation on a4 wit h 1 - 4 emitters. when quantities of leds decrease, the current variation is less.
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 14 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com figure 13. optional compact drive circuit configuration#3 table 9. resistor and capacitor values in figure 12 (220vac) 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf cout 2100 nf 1920 nf 1760 nf 1630 nf 300 40 ma,rms 440 nf 430 nf 430 nf 420 nf 200 20 ma,rms 2 ea 700 nf 690 nf 670 nf 650 nf 200 30 ma,rms 1000 nf 960 nf 930 nf 900 nf 200 40 ma,rms 330 nf 330 nf 330 nf 330 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 510 nf 510 nf 500 nf 500 nf 100 30 ma,rms 700 nf 690 nf 680 nf 670 nf 100 40 ma,rms 1220 nf 1120 nf 1040 nf 960 nf 390 20 ma,rms 4 ea 60 hz n/a 2280 nf 1960 nf 1710 nf 390 30 ma,rms 650 nf 630 nf 610 nf 590 nf 300 20 ma,rms 3 ea 1120 nf 1060 nf 1000 nf 950 nf 300 30 ma,rms 1750 nf 1600 nf 1470 nf 1360 nf 300 40 ma,rms 530 nf 520 nf 510 nf 510 nf 200 20 ma,rms 2 ea 840 nf 820 nf 800 nf 780 nf 200 30 ma,rms 1200 nf 1160 nf 1120 nf 1080 nf 200 40 ma,rms 400 nf 400 nf 400 nf 390 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 610 nf 610 nf 600 nf 600 nf 100 30 ma,rms 840 nf 830 nf 820 nf 800 nf 100 40 ma,rms 1350 nf 1270 nf 1200 nf 1140 nf 300 30 ma,rms 780 nf 760 nf 730 nf 700 nf 300 20 ma,rms 3 ea 30 ma,rms 20 ma,rms target drive current (i led, not i in ) 50 hz frequency 4 ea led# n/a 2760 nf 2350 nf 2060 nf 390 1470 nf 1350 nf 1250 nf 1160 nf 390 220 vac d c b a cin for vf bins rout input voltage r out c out c in acriche a4 bd v in optional circuit configuration#3 : this adds an input capacitor and output capacitor to the standard circuit. this configuration has no flicker and the cu rrent shape through the a4 package is similar to dc current, as seen in figure 8. this means we ge t a combination of configurations #1 & 2, higher efficiency and no flicker issues.
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 15 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com table 10. resistor and capacitor values in figure 12 (230vac) 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf cout 1830 nf 1690 nf 1570 nf 1460 nf 300 40 ma,rms 410 nf 400 nf 400 nf 390 nf 200 20 ma,rms 2 ea 650 nf 630 nf 620 nf 610 nf 200 30 ma,rms 920 nf 890 nf 860 nf 840 nf 200 40 ma,rms 310 nf 310 nf 310 nf 310 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 480 nf 480 nf 480 nf 470 nf 100 30 ma,rms 660 nf 650 nf 640 nf 630 nf 100 40 ma,rms 1010 nf 940 nf 880 nf 830 nf 390 20 ma,rms 4 ea 60 hz 2100 nf 1810 nf 1600 nf 1430 nf 390 30 ma,rms 590 nf 570 nf 550 nf 530 nf 300 20 ma,rms 3 ea 990 nf 940 nf 900 nf 850 nf 300 30 ma,rms 1520 nf 1400 nf 1300 nf 1220 nf 300 40 ma,rms 490 nf 490 nf 480 nf 470 nf 200 20 ma,rms 2 ea 780 nf 760 nf 750 nf 730 nf 200 30 ma,rms 1100 nf 1070 nf 1040 nf 1000 nf 200 40 ma,rms 380 nf 380 nf 370 nf 370 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 580 nf 570 nf 570 nf 560 nf 100 30 ma,rms 790 nf 780 nf 770 nf 760 nf 100 40 ma,rms 1190 nf 1130 nf 1080 nf 1030 nf 300 30 ma,rms 710 nf 680 nf 660 nf 640 nf 300 20 ma,rms 3 ea 30 ma,rms 20 ma,rms target drive current (i led, not i in ) 50 hz frequency 4 ea led# 2520 nf 2180 nf 1930 nf 1720 nf 390 1210 nf 1130 nf 1060 nf 990 nf 390 230 vac d c b a cin for vf bins rout input voltage
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 16 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com table 11. resistor and capacitor values in figure 12 (240vac) 3200 nf 2600 nf 2170 nf 1880 nf 390 47 uf 40 ma,rms 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf 47 uf cout 1620 nf 1500 nf 1410 nf 1330 nf 300 40 ma,rms 380 nf 380 nf 370 nf 370 nf 200 20 ma,rms 2 ea 600 nf 590 nf 580 nf 570 nf 200 30 ma,rms 850 nf 830 nf 800 nf 780 nf 200 40 ma,rms 300 nf 300 nf 300 nf 300 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 460 nf 460 nf 450 nf 450 nf 100 30 ma,rms 620 nf 620 nf 610 nf 600 nf 100 40 ma,rms 860 nf 810 nf 770 nf 730 nf 390 20 ma,rms 4 ea 60 hz 1680 nf 1500 nf 1350 nf 1230 nf 390 30 ma,rms 540 nf 520 nf 500 nf 490 nf 300 20 ma,rms 3 ea 890 nf 850 nf 810 nf 780 nf 300 30 ma,rms 1350 nf 1250 nf 1170 nf 1100 nf 300 40 ma,rms 460 nf 450 nf 450 nf 440 nf 200 20 ma,rms 2 ea 720 nf 710 nf 700 nf 680 nf 200 30 ma,rms 1020 nf 990 nf 960 nf 940 nf 200 40 ma,rms 360 nf 360 nf 350 nf 350 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 550 nf 550 nf 540 nf 530 nf 100 30 ma,rms 750 nf 740 nf 730 nf 720 nf 100 40 ma,rms 1070 nf 1020 nf 980 nf 940 nf 300 30 ma,rms 640 nf 620 nf 600 nf 590 nf 300 20 ma,rms 3 ea 30 ma,rms 20 ma,rms target drive current (i led, not i in ) 50 hz frequency 4 ea led# 2030 nf 1810 nf 1630 nf 1480 nf 390 1030 nf 970 nf 920 nf 870 nf 390 240 vac d c b a cin for vf bins rout input voltage
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 17 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com table 12. resistor and capacitor values in figure 12 (100~120vac ) 60 hz 60 hz 60 hz 3000 nf 2770 nf 2550 nf 2360 nf 200 100 uf 20 ma,rms 2 ea 50 hz 110 vac 1070 nf 1050 nf 1030 nf 1010 nf 100 100 uf 20 ma,rms 1 ea 1700 nf 1660 nf 1620 nf 1580 nf 100 100 uf 30 ma,rms 2410 nf 2330 nf 2250 nf 2170 nf 100 100 uf 40 ma,rms 2500 nf 2300 nf 2120 nf 1970 nf 200 100 uf 20 ma,rms 2 ea 890 nf 870 nf 860 nf 850 nf 100 100 uf 20 ma,rms 1 ea 1410 nf 1380 nf 1350 nf 1310 nf 100 100 uf 30 ma,rms 2010 nf 1940 nf 1870 nf 1810 nf 100 100 uf 40 ma,rms 120 vac 100 uf 100 uf 100 uf 100 uf 100 uf 100 uf 100 uf 100 uf 100 uf 100 uf 100 uf 100 uf 100 uf 100 uf cout 2910 nf 2790 nf 2680 nf 2570 nf 100 40 ma,rms 1750 nf 1640 nf 1570 nf 1480 nf 200 20 ma,rms 2 ea 770 nf 760 nf 750 nf 740 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 1220 nf 1190 nf 1170 nf 1140 nf 100 30 ma,rms 1710 nf 1660 nf 1610 nf 1570 nf 100 40 ma,rms 2100 nf 2010 nf 1890 nf 1780 nf 200 20 ma,rms 2 ea 50 hz 920 nf 910 nf 900 nf 890 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 1460 nf 1430 nf 1400 nf 1370 nf 100 30 ma,rms 2060 nf 2000 nf 1940 nf 1880 nf 100 40 ma,rms 1050 nf 1030 nf 1010 nf 990 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea 1690 nf 1640 nf 1590 nf 1530 nf 100 30 ma,rms 2420 nf 2320 nf 2230 nf 2140 nf 100 40 ma,rms 2020 nf 1960 nf 1910 nf 1850 nf 100 30 ma,rms 1250 nf 1230 nf 1210 nf 1180 nf 100 20 ma,rms 1 ea target drive current (i led, not i in ) 50 hz frequency led# 100 vac d c b a cin for vf bins rout input voltage
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 18 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com 2.4 circuit configuration performance the acriche a4 emitter can be operated in diverse configurations . configuration #1 has no flicker, but has lower power factor and lower efficiency. on the contrary using configuration #2, there are characteristics of high efficiency, higher power facto r. lastly, configuration #3 has the merit from configuration#1 & 2. it has high efficiency, no flic ker, but power factor is a little low. table 13 shows detail circuit charateristic of four configurations that are operated in 230vac/50hz . 20 ma,rms 20 ma,rms 20 ma,rms 20 ma,rms led current 40 ma,rms 20 ma,rms 100 ma,rms 20 ma,rms input current 4.71 w 3.23 w 6.52 w 4.16 w p in 4.53 w 3.17 w 4.54 w 3.33 w p led 96.23% 98.19% 69.56% 80.15% effciency(p led /p in ) no 100hz no 100hz noticeable flicker 0.51 0.70 0.28 0.90 pf n/a n/a 2040 50 hz 230 vac c 4 ea standard ac drive 230 vac 230 vac 230 vac vin 50 hz 50 hz 50 hz frequency 390 100 4750 rout 1130 nf 550 nf n/a cin 47 uf n/a 47 uf cout c c c led vf rank 4 ea 4 ea 4 ea led # optional configuration #3 optional configuration #2 optional configuration #1 table 13. circuit characteristic of four configurations with inp ut 230vac/50hz r out bd v in acriche a4 r out c out c in acriche a4 bd v in r out c in acriche a4 bd v in r out c out acriche a4 bd v in standard ac drive optional configuration #1 optional configuration #3 optional configuration #2 figure 14. four circuit configurations
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 19 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com 2.5 relative light output between ac and dc the acriche a4 emitter is binned at rectified ac 20ma,rms, not a t constant current 20ma. figure 15 shows relative luminous flux vs current of an ac circu it and a dc circuit. relative flux results are normalized luminous flux at ac 20ma,rms. the ac driv e current can simply be changed by modifying the resistor value in the circuit. optional circuit configurations 1 and 3 are similar to driving a t a constant current, therefore they will have similar luminous flux characteristics. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 relatve luminous flux current [ma,rms] constant current dc driving standard ac driving figure 15. relative luminous flux between ac and dc driving.
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 20 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com 2.6 vf bin combination if we can combine multiple vf bins, we can allow for more part acceptability in the system application, thereby allowing a wider availability of parts. th e acriche a4 emitter can be operated by mixing vf bins. the left picture of figure 16 is an example of a series combination of 2 vf bin cs in a 100/110/120v application. the right picture of figure 15 would result in the same current draw as the left using the same resistor, but this time we are combining 2 vf b bins and 2 vf d bins. = same effect figure 16. same effect of vf bin combination the same idea can be applied for 2 vf bin bs in series. these can be replaced with 1 vf bin a and 1 vf bin c. if we take a look at the resistor settings, for example a 120vac application on page 6(fig 17), we can see how the math works. the easy calcula tion is to take the resistor setting for vf bin a and the resistor setting for vf bin c, add them together and divide by 2. if we look at the 2w configuration: (1510ohms + 1210ohms) / 2 = 1360ohms, which is the same resistor value as vf bin b. we can further expand this to other combinations of vf if we modify rout for setting the current. this technique can be easily modified for 220/230/240vac applica tions. we just add the four resistor values together and divide by 4 since we have 4 leds in series. figure 17. 120vac resistor settings pulled from page 6 r out vf:c bd v in vf:c r out vf:b bd v in vf:d 675 825 975 1125 25 ma,rms 3 w 1060 1210 1360 1510 20 ma,rms 2 w 120 vac 420 570 720 870 30 ma,rms 4 w d c b a vf bins target drive current power dissipation input voltage
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 21 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com 2.7 color bin selection color coordinates of the part an4240 - 03 can change over temperature. color shift can be inimized with a good thermal system design. if color stability is important in a system, it is recommended to design the system based on the specific application temperature . an example of color shift over temperature is shown below in figure 18. we can see as the board temperature gets hotter we have a color shift to the left. each application is specific and sh ould be verified in application. 0.38 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.36 0.38 0.40 0.42 0.44 2600k 2700k 2900k 3000k 3200k 3500k cie x cie y 3700k f8 f9 f0 f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 g8 g9 g0 g1 g2 g3 g4 g5 g6 g7 h8 h9 h0 h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h7 tb=25 tb=75 tb=50 tb=100 figure 18. color coordinate depends on board temperature for an4 240 - 03
apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 apcpcwm_4828539:wp_0000001wp_0000001 z - power led x10490 z - power led x10490 technical data sheet ???? : ssc - qp - 7 - 07 - 25 (rev.00) 22 rev. 00 rev. 00 september september 2011 2011 www.acriche.com www.acriche.com 3.1 description ac - leds are susceptible to line transients just as dc leds which ca n overheat the components, either causing immediate failure or greatly shortening the usefu l life of the leds. circuit - protection should be utilized to protect against over - voltage, over - current and over temperature conditions. 3.2 lightning surges, voltage spikes or ring wave protection a metal oxide varistor (mov) is often used to help protect lighting systems from light ning surges and ring - wave effects, and helps manufacturers meet safety and performanc e standards. the mov clamps short - duration voltage impulses. lightning tests according to iec 6100 0 - 4 - 5 and ring - wave tests according to ieee c.62.41 can be used to simulate these re al - life threats in the lab. 3.3 over - current and over - temperature protection in both ac - leds and dc - leds alike, excessive heat at the led junction can dramatically reduce both the light output and lifespan of the led. te circuit protection s polyswitch polymeric positive temperature coefficient (pptc) devices help provide over - current and over - temperature protection and can be easily integrated onto a circu it board with the ac - led. the pptc acts like a fuse to limit current in a series circ uit that drives the led, yet can automatically reset itself when the fault clears. an example circuit of a mov and pptc is shown in figure 19 below . 3. protection figure 19. example protection circuit

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