flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 for diffraction, cassette type with usb 2.0 interface photodiode area: 52.8 52.8 mm www.hamamatsu.com 1 the C9728DK-10 is a high detection capability digital x-ray image sensor newly developed as a key device for x-ray diffracto- meters less than 18 kev. the device shape is thin cassette which incorporates on-chip high-resolution scintillator and a contro l board. an on-board usb 2.0 interface can realize fast data transfer with the C9728DK-10. active pixels readout * 1 diffraction radiography low noise: 80 electrons 1032 1032 pixels (50 m pitch) 14-bit digital output (usb 2.0 interface) compatible with hamamatsu api (dcam-api) high-speed imaging: 3 frames/s structure the C9728DK-10 is comprised of a sensor board and a control board. mounted on the sensor board is a cmos image sensor chip made up of a two-dimensional active pixel amplifier array, row-scanning vertical shift register, and 8 shift register blocks. csi scintillator is directly deposited on the two-dimensional photodiode array. x-rays incident on the scintillator are convert ed to fluorescence, which then enters the two-dimensional photodiode array where electric charge is accumulated in each pixel according to the light inte nsity. each pixel has a low noise active pixel amplifier. the analog video signal from each pixel is held by the 1056 ch sample-and-hold circuit with a cds (correlated double sampling) circuit added, and is then output from each amplifier array by scanning the horizontal shift register. the control board converts the analog signal into a 14-bit digital signal, which is then output to a pc through the usb 2.0 int erface. * 1: the amplifier integrated in each pixel converts charge to voltage. since the amplifier input capacitance is small compared to the passive pixel type, imaging can be made with low noise and high sensitivity. horizontal shift register no. 1 horizontal shift register no. 8 pixel number active pixel amplifier array with directly deposited csi scintillator 12 1115136 1057 1056 1055 2112 1115135 2111 kaccc0268ec timing pulse generator oscillator trgout a/d external power supply a.vdd, d.vdd (not attached) buffer amp buffer amp processing amp processing amp bias generator usb ic trgin fifo a/d fifo video data flat panel control (usb 2.0 interface) sensor board control board note: signals are read out in order of pixel number. vertical shift register kaccc0268ec high resolution features applications
flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 2 general ratings absolute maximum ratings (ta=25 c) specifications (ta=25 c, a.vdd=5.0 v, d.vdd=5.0 v) parameter specification unit pixel size 50 50 m photodiode area 52.8 52.8 mm number of pixels 1056 1056 pixels number of active pixels 1032 1032 pixels readout active pixel readout - video output usb 2.0, 14-bit - trgin, trgout ttl - scintillator direct deposition csi - parameter symbol value unit supply voltage for digital circuitry (+5 v) d.vdd +6.0 v supply voltage for analog circuitry (+5 v) a.vdd +6.0 v input voltage vin 0 to 6.0 v operating temperature * 2 topr 0 to +35 c storage temperature * 2 tstg 0 to +50 c incident x-ray energy - 18 kev * 2: no condensation parameter symbol min. typ. max. unit frame rate max. sf(max) 2.85 3 - frames/s frame rate sf - 0.1 to sf(max) - frames/s noise (rms) * 3 n(rms) - 80 - electrons sensitivity * 4 s 360 450 - lsb/mr saturation charge csat - 0.45 - m electrons resolution * 5 reso 9 10 - line pairs/mm dynamic range - - 5600 - - defect line * 6 - - - 10 lines blemish * 7 - - - 600 m non-uniformity of sensitivity * 7 -- - 4 % defect cluster * 7 - not allowed - bright line output adjacent to a defect line * 7 - - - 120 % output offset * 8 - - 260 800 lsb * 3: internal trigger mode at sf(max) * 4: 25 kvp (mo target x-ray source), without filter * 5: spatial frequency at ctf=5 % * 6: a defect line is a horizontal or vertical line containing 4 or more cosecutive pixels located at the opposite side of an amp lifier array or a shift register, that produce 1/8 of the average sensitivity of the surrounding pixels. adjacent defect lines are not allowed in the vertical or horizontal directions. * 7: see p. 5, ?description of terms? * 8: average of all active pixels at sf(max) note: x-ray energy range is less than 18 kev.
flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 3 to operate the C9728DK-10 at full performance, the following system and peripherals are required. o pc: ibm compatible pc with usb 2.0 running on windows xp o power source: a.vdd = +5.0 0.1 v (600 ma), d.vdd = +5.0 0.1 v (900 ma) the voltages described above are specified at the flat panel sensor side. please use a low noise series power supply. (avoid using a switching power supply.) install a noise filter on the ac power input line to prevent surges on the ac line. always ground the ground terminal to avoid the effects of noise from peripheral devices. o dcam-api (digital camera application programming interface): produced by hamamatsu the driver software, dll and sample software are included in dcam-api. the latest version of dcam-api can be downloaded from ?http://www.dcamapi.com?. o usb cable: mini-b type o power cable (terminated with a jstj-c9-2c plug at one end and open at the other end; 2 m; see table 1.) o trigger cable (terminated with an fgg.0b.304.clad56 plug at one end and open at the other end; 5 m; see table 2.) o earth cable (awg; 4 m) system requirements accessories resolution spatial frequency (line pairs/mm) (ta=25 c, a.vdd=5.0 v, d.vdd=5.0 v) ctf (%) 0123456789 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10 kaccb0149eb
flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 4 [table 1] pin assignment and cable color for 9-pin power receptacle [table 2] pin assignment and color cable for 4-pin trigger cable pin no. color signal 1 yellow digital gnd 2 blue digital gnd 3 gray analog gnd 4 black analog gnd 5 red analog gnd 6 green digital +5 v 7 purple digital +5 v 8 white analog +5 v 9 brown analog +5 v 9-pin receptacle: de-9pf-n made by jae (japan aviation electronics industry, limited) mating plug: jst j-c9-2c made by j.s.t mfg. co., ltd. pin no. color signal note 1 blue trgin twist pair 2 orange digital gnd 3 green trgout twist pair 4 brown digital gnd 4-pin receptacle: ecg. 0b. 304. cll made by lemo s.a. mating plug: fgg. 0b. 304. clad56 made by lemo s.a. [table 3] control mode mode trgin (see table 2) note external control (dcam_trigmode_syncreadout) rectangular signal the integration time is controlled through lemo 4-pin trigger cable. internal control (dcam_trigmode_internal) high or open the integration time is controlled by dcam command without lemo 4-pin trigger cable.
flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 5 after installing dcam-api in a pc with a usb 2.0 port, connect the C9728DK-10 to that pc. connection video output (14-bit digital) x-ray source usb 2.0 monitor pc/at (rear view) trgin trgout os + image acquisition software voltage source (a.vdd, d.vdd) C9728DK-10 frame gnd usb trg. i/o power source cmos flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 kaccc0445ea
flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 dimensional outline (unit: mm, tolerance: 1 mm unless otherwise noted) kacca0227ed kacca0227ed active area 51.6 active area 51.6 1.7 14.5 12.5 25 12.5 23.5 31 18.5 7 8.1 9 8.1 108 scintillator to top cover 6.3 266 top cover material including window is carbon fiber (1.0 mm thickness). weight: 1.3 kg * m3 screw hole for fixing usb plug to flat panel sensor. the depth of the hole: 7 mm 193 151 0.5 57.5 0.5 2.5 0.5 30 0.5 158 0.5 261 0.5 c1.3 (6 ) m3 depth 8 frame gnd usb trg. i/o power source cmos flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 (0, 0) (1031, 1031) screw hole * screw hole * 6 do not subject the flat panel sensors to strong vibration or shock (strong shock such as drop impacts may cause permanent dam age to these sensors). users must take responsibility for implementing x-ray shielding safety measures to avoid the risk of x-ray exposure. the specification listed in this datasheet is defined at the time of shipment. characteristics may vary somewhat due to expos ure to x-rays so take proper countermeasures such as making periodic image correction. this product is warranted for a period of 12 months after the date of the shipment. the warranty is limited to replacement or repair of any defective product due to defects in workmanship or materials used in ma nufacture. the warranty does not cover loss or damage caused by natural disaster, misuse (including modifications and any use not complyin g with the environment, application, usage and storage conditions described in this datasheet), or total radiation dose over 45000 roe ntgen (incident x-ray energy: less than 18 kev) even within the warranty period. notice the C9728DK-10 conforms to european emc directives: en61326-1 class a.
flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 7 kaccc0444ea non-unifomity of sensitivity = : standard deviation of 16 16 ?xij? x : average value of 16 16 ?xij? x 16 segments 20 pixels 20 pixels 20 pixels 20 pixels 62 pixels 62 pixels 62 pixels 62 pixels 62 pixels 62 pixels 62 pixels 62 pixels 16 segments 1 mm active area 1 mm 1 mm 1 mm active area 16 16 segments are 16 16-divided active area excluded 1 mm from the whole edge. xij is defined as the average sensitivity of each segment. uniformity of sensitivity is calculated as following equation. non-uniformity of sensitivity description of terms abcdefghi j column row klmnopqrs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 line b (column h, l) defect line (column j) line a (column i, k) kaccc0385eb kaccc0384eb this is defined as defect cluster. normal pixel defective pixel this is not defined as defect cluster. length of pixel cluster which has less than 90 % of the average sensitivity of the surrounding pixels. formed with more than 3 3 pixels which have less than 1/8 of the average sensitivity of the surrounding pixels. the relative sensitivity ratio ?a/b? should be 120 % or less for both vertical and horizontal lines, where ?a? and ?b? are defined as follows: a: average sensitivity of bright line (line a) adjacent to defect line b: average sensitivity of standard line (line b) adjacent to line a note that the average sensitivity of the bright line is calculated from the region adjacent to the defect region in the defect line. example: see the right figure defect region in defect line: from pixel (j, 1) to pixel (j, 15) a: average sensitivity from pixel (i, 1) to pixel (i, 15) or from pixel (k, 1) to pixel (k, 15) b: average sensitivity from pixel (h, 1) to pixel (h, 15) or from pixel (l, 1) to pixel (l, 15) blemish defect cluster bright line output adjacent to a defect line
flat panel sensor C9728DK-10 cat. no. kacc1147e05 mar. 2011 dn www.hamamatsu.com hamamatsu photonics k.k., solid state division 1126-1 ichino-cho, higashi-ku, hamamatsu city, 435-8558 japan, telephone: (81) 53-434-3311, fax: (81) 53-434-5184 u.s.a.: hamamatsu corporation: 360 foothill road, p.o.box 6910, bridgewater, n.j. 08807-0910, u.s.a., telephone: (1) 908-231-0 960, fax: (1) 908-231-1218 germany: hamamatsu photonics deutschland gmbh: arzbergerstr. 10, d-82211 herrsching am ammersee, germany, telephone: (49) 8152- 375-0, fax: (49) 8152-265-8 france: hamamatsu photonics france s.a.r.l.: 19, rue du saule trapu, parc du moulin de massy, 91882 massy cedex, france, teleph one: 33-(1) 69 53 71 00, fax: 33-(1) 69 53 71 10 united kingdom: hamamatsu photonics uk limited: 2 howard court, 10 tewin road, welwyn garden city, hertfordshire al7 1bw, unit ed kingdom, telephone: (44) 1707-294888, fax: (44) 1707-325777 north europe: hamamatsu photonics norden ab: smidesv?gen 12, se-171 41 solna, sweden, telephone: (46) 8-509-031-00, fax: (46) 8 -509-031-01 italy: hamamatsu photonics italia s.r.l.: strada della moia, 1 int. 6, 20020 arese, (milano), italy, telephone: (39) 02-935-81- 733, fax: (39) 02-935-81-741 information described in this material is current as of march, 2011. product specifications are subject to change without prior notice due to improvements or other reasons. before assembly into final products, please contact us for the delivery specification sheet to check the latest information. type numbers of products listed in the delivery specification sheets or supplied as samples may have a suffix "(x)" which means preliminary specifications or a suffix "(z)" which means developmental specifications. the product warranty is valid for one year after delivery and is limited to product repair or replacement for defects discovere d and reported to us within that one year period. however, even if within the warranty period we accept absolutely no liability for any loss caused by natural d isasters or improper product use. copying or reprinting the contents described in this material in whole or in part is prohibited without our prior permission. 8
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