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Freescale Semiconductor Data Sheet
Document Number: MC44BC375U Rev 3, 8/2006
PLL Tuned VHF (Channel 3 / 4) Audio / Video Modulator
The MC44BC375U and MC44BC375UA are audio/video RF modulators for use in VCRs, set-top boxes, and similar devices. They are designed for applications requiring National Television System Committee, NTSC, channel 3 or channel 4, RF outputs. The difference between the two modulators is the RF output power level. The nominal RFOUT level for the MC44BC375U is 76 dBV (typical) and the RFOUT level for the MC44BC375UA is 80 dBV (typical). A programmable Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) tunes the modulator, and the desired channel 3 or 4 frequency isselected using the external package pin, Channel Selection (CHS). No external tank circuit components are required, reducing the sensitivity of the PCB design and the need for external adjustments. The PLL obtains its reference from a 4.0 MHz crystal oscillator. The modulators incorporate a sound subcarrier oscillator and use a second programmable PLL to derive subcarrier frequencies. The 4.5 MHz or 5.5 MHz sound carrier frequency is selectable via the package pin, Sound Frequency Selection (SFS). The Picture to Sound subcarrier ratio is also selectable by the pin, Picture to Sound Selection (PSS), to choose either a 14 dB or 16 dB ratio. A low-power standby mode is selectable via the pin, Psave/LO, which turns off all internal VCOs and mixers and simultaneously switches ON an output pin, Logic Output Port (LOP), which may be used as an antenna switch driver. Features * Two RF output power levels offered: * MC44BC375U has typical RFOUT power of 76 dBV * MC44BC375UA has typical RFOUT power of 80 dBV U.S. broadcast frequency for Channel 3 or 4 operation is selected by CHS pin Programmable VHF oscillator and sound subcarrier oscillator. No external varicaps, diodes/inductors, or tuned components required. Programmable Picture/Sound Carrier Ratio (14 dB or 16 dB) is selected by PSS pin Programmable Sound Subcarrier Oscillator (4.5 or 5.5 MHz) is selected by SFS pin) Peak White Clip Low-power standby mode is selected by the Psave/LO pin Logic Output Port is selected by Psave/LO pin (Antenna Switch Driver) Transient output inhibit during PLL Lock-up at power-ON Available in Pb-free, RoHS compliant, narrow body SOIC 16 package Also available, for a limited time, in the standard Pb package with the D suffix
MC44BC375U MC44BC375UA
PLL TUNED VHF (CHANNEL 3 / 4) AUDIO / VIDEO MODULATOR
D or EF SUFFIX SOIC 16 PACKAGE CASE 751B-05
* * * * * * * * * *
MC44BC375U/UA Video In
Clamp Clip VCO Mixer
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device Temp. Range -20C to +85C -20C to +85C -20C to +85C -20C to +85C RoHS Yes Yes No No
Crystal
AM/FM Audio Control
Mixer
TVOUT
MC44BC375UEF, R2 MC44BC375UAEF, R2
Audio In
MC44BC375UD, R2 MC44BC375UAD, R2
Note: For tape and reel, add the R2 suffix.
Channel 3/4
(c) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2006. All rights reserved.
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
CHS PSS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
SFS PLLFLT TVOVCC TVOUT GND VCCA VIDEO PSave/LO
LOP XTAL
GND PREEM AUDIO SPLFLT
SOIC16 pin package
Figure 1. Pin Connections
Table 1. Package Pin Descriptions
Pin number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Pin Name CHS PSS LOP XTAL GND PREEMP AUDIOIN SPLFLT PSAVE/LO VIDEOIN VCC GND RFOUT RFOVCC PLLFLT SFS Description Channel select (Low = channel 4, High = channel 3) Picture-to-Sound ratio select (Low = 14 dB, High = 16 dB) Logical output port controlled by pin 9 Crystal / oscillator input Ground Pre-emphasis capacitor Audio input Sound PLL loop filter Power save mode and LO control Video input Main analog supply voltage Analog ground RF output signal RFoutput stage supply voltage RF PLL loop filter Sound frequency select (Low = 5.5 MHz, High = MHz 4.5 MHz)
MC44BC375U 2 Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW
Figure 2 shows a simplified block diagram of the MC44BS375U and MC33BS375UA devices. There are two main sections: 1. A PLL section to synthesize the VHF output channel frequency for channel 3 or channel 4. 2. A modulator section which accepts audio and video inputs and modulates the VHF carrier. The high frequency BiCMOS technology allows integration of the VHF tank circuit and certain filtering functions eliminating the need for a number of external components.
VIDEOIN SPLLFLT
10
RFOVCC
8
MODULATOR SECTION
14
75 Video Modulator LPF
Peak White Clip
Clamp
7
31.25 kHz Sound PFD Sound Oscillator and FM Modulator Audio Amplifier
AUDIOIN
RFOUT
13
6 11
PREEM VCC GND Picture-Sound Select -- PSS
LOP Power save Psave/ LOP Sound Freq Select -- SFS
3
LPF
Prog. Divider
LPF
ALC
5
9
Sound Modulator
2
16
VHF Divider
/8
UHF OSC. Prescaler
VCO & PLL SECTION
/8
Channel Select -- CHS
1 12
GND
Prog. Divider
Phase Comp.
31.25 kHz
Ref Divider
/128
4 MHz XCO
15
PLLFLT
4
XTAL
Figure 2. MC44BS375U/UA Simplified Block Diagram POWER SUPPLY The two device VCCS (pins 11 and 14) must be applied at the same time to ensure all internal blocks are correctly biased. Do NOT bias any other pin before VCC is applied to the device. STANDBY MODES During standby mode, the modulator is switched to low power consumption. The sound oscillator, UHF oscillator and VHF dividers, video and sound modulator sections bias are internally turned OFF. The modulator is programmed in standby mode when pin 9, PSave/LO, is set to a "LO" level (see "Pin Selection" on page 4). LOGIC OUTPUT PORT The Logic Output Port is used to control an external switch (such as an antenna switch or an attenuator). This pin is an open collector transistor able to sink up to 15 mA at a low voltage. The LOP output is switched between a "HI" and "LO" level with pin 9, Psave/LO (see "Pin Selection" on page 4).
MC44BC375U Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor 3
TRANSIENT OUTPUT INHIBIT To minimize the risk of interference to other channels while the UHF PLL is acquiring a lock on the desired frequency, the Sound and Video modulators are turned OFF at power-ON (i.e., VCC is switched from 0 V to 5.0 V or device is switched from "Standby mode" to "Normal operation"). There is a time-out of 263 ms until the output is enabled. This allows the UHF PLL to settle to its programmed frequency. During the 263 ms time-out, the sound PLL current source is set to 10 A typical to speed up the locking time. After the 263 ms time-out, the current source is switched to 1.0 A. Use care when selecting loop filter components to ensure the loop transient does not exceed this delay. VIDEO SECTION The modulator requires a composite video input with negative going sync pulses and a nominal level of 1.0 V(pp). This signal is AC coupled to the video input where the sync tip level is clamped. The video modulation depth typical value is given for 1.0 VCBVS input level. It can be adjusted to any lower value by simply adding a resistive divider at video input, resulting in a lower signal seen by the video input stage. The video signal is then passed to a peak white clip circuit whose function is to soft clip the top of the video waveform if the amplitude from the sync tip to peak white goes too high. In this way, over-modulation of the carrier by the video is avoided. The clipping function is always engaged. SOUND SECTION The multivibrator oscillator is fully integrated and does not require any external components. An internal low pass filter and matched structure give a very low harmonics level. The sound modulator system consists of an FM modulator incorporating the sound subcarrier oscillator. The audio input signal is AC coupled into the amplifier which then drives the modulator.
The audio pre-emphasis circuit is a high-pass filter with an external capacitor C1 and an internal resistor (100 k typical). The recommended capacitor value (750 pF) is for M/N standards, time constant is 75 s and it is 470 pF for B/G standards (50 s). The audio bandwidth specification is for 50 Hz to 15 KHz range, with pre-emphasis circuit engaged. Without this preemphasis circuit, it is possible to extend the audio bandwidth to high frequencies, as there is no internal frequency limitation (stereo application). PLL SECTION -- DIVIDERS The reference divider is a fixed /128 resulting in a reference frequency of 31.25 KHz with a 4.0 MHz crystal. The 31.25 KHz reference frequency is used for both the UHF and Sound PLLs. The prescaler is a fixed /8 and is permanently engaged. The VHF divider is also a fixed /8. The programmable divider's division ratio is controlled by the CHS pin voltage in order to select channel 3 or channel 4. PIN SELECTION Pins CHS, PSS, and SFS are internally pulled up to 5.0 V. By default (open condition), all pins are "HI". Table 2. Configuration Pin Settings
Pin No 1 2 9 Pin Name CHS PSS PSave/ LOP SFS LO (grounded) CH4 14 dB Power save Mode LOP pin LO (Low voltage) 5.5 MHz HI (open or +5.0 V) CH3 16 dB Normal Operation LOP pin HI (High impedance) 4.5 MHz
16
MC44BC375U 4 Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Table 3. Absolute Maximum Ratings Absolute maximum continuous ratings are those maximum values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Exposure to these conditions or conditions beyond those indicated may adversely affect device reliability. Functional operation at absolutemaximum-rated conditions is not implied.
Characteristic Supply Voltage Any Input Voltage Storage Temperature Range Junction Temperature Symbol VCC Vin Tstg TJ Min -0.3 -0.3 -65 -- Max +6.0 VCC + 0.3 +150 +150 Units V V C C
Table 4. General Specifications
Characteristic ESD Protection (Machine Model) ESD Protection (Human Body Model)(1) Thermal resistance from Junction to Ambient 1. MIL STD 883C method 3015-7. Symbol MM HBM RJA Min 200 4000 -- Typ 500 6000 140 max -- -- -- Units V V C/W
Table 5. Recommended Operating Conditions and DC Characteristics
Characteristic Supply Voltage Total supply current (all sections active) Total standby mode supply current Sound comparator charge pump current: RF comparator charge pump current Crystal oscillator stability-negative resistance Threshold level on pins: CHS, PSS, SFS, Psave/LO Logic Output Port: Ambient Temperature Saturation voltage at I OL = 15 mA Leakage current Vth VOL Ileackage TA MC44BC375U MC44BC375UA MC44BC375U MC44BC375UA During locking When locked Symbol VCC ICC ICC ICC ICC Min +4.5 40 40 3.0 3.0 7.0 0.7 60 1.0 -- -- -- -20 Typ +5.0 47 50 5.0 6.0 10 1.0 100 -- 2.1 210 -- -- Max +5.5 55 57 7.0 8.0 12 1.5 150 ----300 1.0 +85 Units V mA mA mA mA A A A K V mV A C
MC44BC375U Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor 5
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Unless otherwise stated, all performance characteristics are for: * Power Supply, VCC = 5.0 V * Ambient Temperature, TA = 25o C * Video Input 1.0 Vp-p, 10-step grayscale. * RF inputs/outputs into 75 load. NOTE: Specifications only valid for envelope demodulation. The parameters listed are based on the type of test conditions found in the column Type. * A = 100% tested * B = 100% Correlation tested * C = Characterized on samples * D = Design parameter See the "Characterization Measurement Conditions" on page 8 for each C type parameter.
Table 6. High Frequency Characteristics
Parameter RFOUT output level Sound subcarrier harmonics (Fp+nFs) Second harmonic of chroma subcarrier Chroma/Sound intermodulation: Fp+ (Fsnd - Fchr) Fo (picture carrier) harmonics(2) Test Conditions(1) Output signal from modulator section Reference picture carrier Using red EBU bar Using red EBU bar 2nd harmonic 3rd harmonic: Out band (picture carrier) spurious In band spurious (Fo @ 5.0 MHz) 1/2Fo - 1/4Fo 3/2Fo - 3/4Fo No video sound modulation Device MC44BC375U MC44BC375UA MC44BC375U MC44BC375UA MC44BC375U MC44BC375UA MC44BC375U MC44BC375UA MC44BC375U MC44BC375UA MC44BC375U MC44BC375UA MC44BC375U MC44BC375UA MC44BC375U MC44BC375UA MC44BC375U MC44BC375UA Min 74 78 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Typ 76 80 .73 -72 -65 -- -65 -- 30 -- 66 -- -- -- -70 -- -82 -- Max 79 83 -65 .65 -55 -60 -60 -60 42 46 69 73 27 32 -62 -60 -75 -75 Unit dBV dBc dBc dBc dBV dBV dBV dBc dBc Type B C C C C C C C C
4.0 MHz Crystal spurious (Fo 4.0 MHz) No video sound modulation
1. See Performance Measurement Test Set-ups, Table 9. 2. Picture carrier harmonics are highly dependant on PCB layout and decoupling capacitors.
Table 7. Video Performance Characteristics
Parameter Video bandwidth Video input level Video input current Video input impedance Video S/N Weighted Unweighted Differential Phase Differential Gain Luma/Sync ratio Video modulation depth Peak White Clip On line 17 in M standard (FCC) On line 17 in M standard (FCC) Input ratio 7.0:3.0 Video input level = 1.0 VCVBS Video Modulation depth for video = 1.4 VCVBS Test Conditions(1) Reference 0 dB at 100 KHz, measured at 5.0 MHz 75 load Min -1.5 -- -- -- 56 49 -- -- 6.8/3.2 80 90.5 Typ -0.5 -- 0.2 500 60 52 1.0 1.0 -- 85 95 Max -- 1.5 1.0 -- -- -- -- 5.0 7.2/2.8 90 99.5 Unit dB Vcvbs A K dB -- deg % -- % % Type C D A A C C C C B B B
1. See Performance Measurement Test Set-ups, Table 9.
MC44BC375U 6 Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor
Table 8. Audio Performance Characteristics
Parameter Picture-to-Sound ratio Picture to Sound ratio difference Audio modulation depth PSS pin = High PSS pin = Low between PSS = HI and PSS = LO Test Conditions(1) Min 14 12 1.5 Typ 16 14 2.0 Max 18 14 2.5 Unit dB dB Type B B
Using specific pre-emphasis circuit, Audio input = 1.0 KHz @ 205 mVrms Fs = 4.5 MHz (100% modulation = 25 KHz FM deviation) Fs = 5.5 MHz (100% modulation = 50 KHz FM deviation) 75 75 45 Reference 0 dB at 1.0 KHz, Measure from 50 Hz to 15 KHz Depends on loop filter components At 1.0 KHz, 100% modulation (50 KHz) No video -2.5 85 85 55 -- 95 95 61 +2.0 % % K dB B B A C
Audio input resistance Audio Frequency response
Audio Distortion FM (THD only) Audio S/N with Sync Buzz FM
-- 50
0.3 53
1.0 --
% dB
C C
1. See Performance Measurement Test Set-ups, Table 9.
MC44BC375U Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor 7
CHARACTERIZATION MEASUREMENT CONDITIONS
* * * Device default configuration unless otherwise specified: Sound subcarrier frequency = 5.5 MHz Picture-to-sound carrier ratio = 14 dB CH3 and CH4 frequencies * * * RF Inputs / Output into 75 Load using a 75 to 50 transformation Video Input 1.0 V pk-pk Audio pre-emphasis circuit engaged
Table 9. Performance Measurement Test Set-Ups Device and Signals Set-Up RFOUT Output Level Video: 10 steps grey scale No audio Measured picture carrier in dBV with the HP8596E Spectrum Analyzer using a 75 to 50 transformation, all cables losses and transformation pads having been calibrated. Measurement is used as a reference for other tests: RFout_Ref Sound Subcarrier Harmonics Video: 10 steps grey scale No audio signal Measure in dBc second and third sound harmonics levels in reference to picture carrier (RFout_Ref).
Picture carrier Sound carrier
Measurement Set-Up
Sound 2nd harm Sound 3rd harm Fo +5.5 MHz +11 MHz +16.5 MHz
Second Harmonics of Chroma Subcarrier No audio Video: a 700 mV(pp) 100 kHz sinusoidal signal is inserted on the black level of active video area. Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (RFout_Ref), second harmonic of chroma at channel frequency plus 2 times chroma frequency, resulting in the following spectrum.
Picture carrier Frequency Frequency 100kHz 100 kHz Chroma carrier Sound carrier Chroma 2nd Harmonic
700 mVpkpk
700mV pk-pk
Fo
+4.43 MHz +5.5 MHz
+8.86 MHz
MC44BC375U 8 Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor
Table 9. Performance Measurement Test Set-Ups (continued) Device and Signals Set-Up Measurement Set-Up Chroma/Sound Intermodulation No audio signal Video: 700 mV(pp) 100 kHz sinusoidal signal inserted on the black level of active video area.This is generated using a Video Generator and inserting the required frequency from a RF Signal generator. Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (RFout_Ref), intermodulation product at channel frequency plus the sound carrier frequency (+5.5 MHz) minus the chroma frequency (-4.43 MHz), resulting in the following spectrum. Intermodulation product is at the channel frequency +1.07 MHz.
Picture carrier Chroma carrier 700 mVpkpk
700mV pk-pk
Frequency Frequency 100kHz 4.43 MHz
Sound carrier
Chroma/Sound Intermod.
Fo
+1.07 MHz
+4.43 MHz +5.5 MHz
Picture Carrier Harmonics No video signal No audio signal Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (RFout_Ref), second and third harmonic of channel frequency, resulting in the following spectrum.
Picture carrier
2nd harmonic
3rd harmonic
Fo
2Fo
3Fo
Out of Band Spurious No video signal No audio signal Measure in dBV spurious levels at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.5 times channel frequency, resulting in the following spectrum. Measure from 40 MHz to 1.0 GHz.
Picture carrier
Spurious
Fo/4
Fo/2 Fo*3/4
Fo
Fo*3/2
In Band Spurious / 4 MHz Crystal Spurious No video signal No audio signal Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (RFout_Ref), spurious levels falling into video bandwidth Fo+/-5.0 MHz (15.125 KHz & 31.25 KHz from reference dividers and 4 MHz from crystal). Video Bandwidth No audio The Video signal is demodulated on the spectrum analyzer, and the peak level Video: 600 mV(pp) sinusoidal signal inserted of the 100 KHz signal is measured as a reference. The frequency is then swept from 100 KHz to 5.0 MHz, and then the difference in dBc from the 100 KHz on the black level of active video area. reference level is measured.
MC44BC375U Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor 9
Table 9. Performance Measurement Test Set-Ups (continued) Device and Signals Set-Up Measurement Set-Up Weighted Video Signal to Noise Video: 100% White video signal -- 1 Vpk-pk. No audio signal This is measured using a Demodulator in B/G using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting network, 100 KHz to 5.0 MHz band with sound trap and envelope detection, and a Video Analyzer. The Video Analyzer measures the ratio between the amplitude of the active area of the video signal (700 mV) and the noise level in Vrms on a video black level which is shown below. VideoS/N is calculated as 20 x log(700 /N) in dB.
N noise level in Vrms
Unweighted Video Signal to Noise Same as above with CCIR filter disabled. Same as above.
Video Differential Phase Video: 5 step Grey Scale -- 1 V(pp). No audio signal This is measured using a Demodulator in B/G using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting network, 100 KHz to 5.0 MHz band with sound trap, and envelope detection, and a Video Analyzer. On line CCIR 330, the video analyzer DP measure consists of calculating the difference of the Chroma phase at the black level and the different chroma subcarrier phase angles at each step of the greyscale. The largest positive or negative difference indicates the distortion.
the largest positive or negative difference DIFF PHASE = the phase at position 0 * 100%
The video analyzer method takes the worst step from the first 4 steps. Video Differential Gain
Video: 5 step Grey Scale -- 1 V(pp). No audio signal This is measured using a Demodulator in B/G using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting network, 100 KHz to 5.0 MHz band with sound trap and envelope detection, and a Video Analyzer.
On line CCIR 330 shown below, the video analyzer DG measure consists of calculating the difference of the Chroma amplitude at the black level and the different amplitudes at each step of the greyscale. The largest positive or negative difference indicates the distortion.
0
1
2
3
4
5
5-step Greyscale with Chroma subcarrier superimposed (not to scale), line CCIR 330.
DIFF GAIN =
the largest positive or negative difference the amplitude at position 0
* 100%
The video analyzer method takes the worst step from the first 4 steps. CCIR line 330 corresponds to FCC line 17 in NTSC/M standard.
MC44BC375U 10 Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor
Table 9. Performance Measurement Test Set-Ups (continued) Device and Signals Set-Up Measurement Set-Up Video Modulation Depth No audio signal Video: 10 step grey scale This is measured using a HP8596E Spectrum Analyzer with a TV Trigger option, allowing demodulation and triggering on any specified TV Line. The analyzer is centered on the maximum peak of the Video signal and reduced to zero Hertz span in Linear mode to demodulate the Video carrier.
A ( 6-10mV) A(mV)
B(mV) B (0.6 - 3mV)
TV Line Demodulated by Spectrum Analyzer-BG standard
The Modulation Depth is calculated as (A-B)/A x 100 in%. Picture to Sound Ratio No video signal No audio Signal "PSS" pin set Low and High Measure in dBc sound carrier in reference to picture carrier (RFout_Ref) for "PSS" = Low (PS = 14 dB typical) and for "PSS" = High (PS = 16 dB),
Picture carrier
Sound carrier
Fo
+5.5 MHz
Audio Modulation Depth -- FM Modulation Video Black Level The audio signal 205 mV at 1.0 KHz is supplied by the Audio Analyzer, and the FM demodulated signal deviation is indicated on the Demodulator in KHz peak. Audio signal: 1.0 KHz, 205 mVrms. This is measured using a Demodulator in B/G This value is then converted in% of FM deviation, based on specified standards. and an Audio Analyzer at 1.0 KHz. Audio Frequency Response Video Black Level Audio signal: 50 Hz to 15 KHz, 100 mVrms This is measured using a Demodulator in B/G and an Audio Analyzer. The audio signal 1.0 KHz 100 mVrms is supplied by the Audio Analyzer, demodulated by the Demodulator and the audio analyzer measures the AC amplitude of this demodulated audio signal: this value is taken as a reference (0 dB). The audio signal is then swept from 50 Hz to 15 KHz, and demodulated AC amplitude is measured in dB relative to the 1.0 KHz reference. Audio pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circuits are engaged, all audio analyzer filters are switched OFF. Audio Distortion FM Audio: 1.0 KHz, adjustable level Video Black Level This is measured using a Demodulator in B/G and an Audio Analyzer at 1.0 KHz. The output level of the Audio analyzer is varied to obtain a deviation of 50 KHz indicated on the Demodulator. The input rms detector of the Audio Analyzer converts the ac level of the combined signal + noise + distortion to dc. It then removes the fundamental signal (1.0 KHz) after having measured the frequency. The output rms detector converts the residual noise + distortion to dc. The dc voltmeter measures both dc signals and calculates the ratio in% of the two signals. ADist = ( Distorsion + Noise ) ( Distorsion + Noise + Signal )
MC44BC375U Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor 11
Table 9. Performance Measurement Test Set-Ups (continued) Device and Signals Set-Up Audio Signal to Noise Audio: 1.0 KHz, adjustable level Video: EBU Color Bars This is measured using a Demodulator in B/G and an Audio Analyzer at 1.0 KHz. The output level of the Audio analyzer is varied to obtain a Modulation Deviation of 25 KHz indicated on the AMFS Demodulator. The Audio Analyzer alternately turns ON and OFF its internal audio source to make a measure of the Audio signal plus noise and then another measure of only the noise. The measurement is made using the internal CCIR468-2 Filter of the Audio Analyzer together with the internal 30+/-2.0 KHz (60 dB/decade) Lowpass filters. The AMFS demodulator uses a quasi-parallel demodulation as is the case in a normal TV set. In this mode the Nyquist filter is bypassed and the video carrier is used without added delay to effectuate intercarrier conversion. In this mode the phase noise information fully cancels out and the true S/N can be measured. ASN ( dB ) = 20 x log ( Signal + Noise ) ( Noise ) Measurement Set-Up
PIN CIRCUIT SCHEMATICS
VCC VCC
VCC
Pin 1: CHS Pin 2: PSS Pin 16: SFS Pin 9: Psave/LO
100K 5K
Pin 8: SPLLFLT
VCC
VCC
Pin 3: LOP Pin 10: VIDEOIN
500 10K 10K
VCC 5K
VCC
Pin 4: XTAL
1.5K
Pin 13: RF OUT
VCC
VCC 75
Pin 6: PREM
10k 11.8k audio
Pin 14: RFOVCC
VCC VCC VCC 50k 100
Pin 15: PLLFLT Pin 7: AUDIOIN
2K
Figure 3. Pin Schematics
MC44BC375U 12 Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor
5
4
3
2
1
J9 +5V R5 10K SW1
D
MT1 R7 10K R8 10K R9 10K
MT2
+5V
+5V
+5V
+5V
MTHOLE
MTHOLE
All Resistors are 0603 size, 5% unless otherwise noted. All Capicitors are 0603 size, XR7/XR5 type unless noted, (10% type are COG/NPO)
MT3 HEADER 5X2 U1 MC44BC375UA-16 1 CHS PSS +5V Logic Output Port 3 LOP Note 3 4 XTAL GND PREEM AUDIO SPLFLT PSAVE_LO VIDEO 10 9 C22 10nF C23 100nF VCCA 11 Note 3 7 C6 220nF 10% 8 C8 2.2uF DNI for Mono Note 7 for Stereo C9 10nF GND 12 +5V 6 TVOUT 5 C4 750pF 5-10% C5 100nF Notes 4,6 C7 22nF 10% Note 7 R1 15K R4 Note 5 10K 13 R6 100K TVOVCC C1 27pF 10% Note 1 14 Y1 4.000Mz ECS Inc. ECS-40-20-1 C21 10nF C11 10nF PLLFLT 15 C12 47nF 10% SFS 2 TP1 16 C13 22nF 10% R2 2.2K Switch 8 7 6 5 1 2 3 4
MT4
2 4 6 8 10
1 3 5 7 9
D
MTHOLE
MTHOLE
Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor
Note 2 +5V RF Output F Connector J5
C
Automated Test Equipment Interface
C
Audio Input BNC Connector J3
Video Input BNC Connector J4 R3 75
B
J1 2 1 J6 J7 J8 2 1 +5V Power Connector .1 inch header
APPLICATION SCHEMATIC
+5V C24 10uF Size 3216
Figure 4. MC44BC375U/UA Application Schematic
Mono Stereo Note 4 Note 6 15K ohm Note 7 Size A Date:
4 3
B
Component Changes for Stereo Mode C4 R1 C6 220nF Note 7
C7 22nF Note 7
C8 DNI Note 7
A
A
NOTES 1. C1 value depends on the parallel mode crystal characteristics C1 = 27pF on the Freescale evaluation board with an ECS Inc. ECS-40-20-1 crystal. 2. RF PLL loop filter components (C12, C13, R2) at pin 15 must be as close as possible to TVOVCC at pin 14. 3. Supply voltage decoupling capacitors (C17, C102, C20) must be as close as possible to the device power pins (P14, P11). 4. C4 pre-emphasis cap value depends on video standard. PAL B,G has a 50S time constant, C4 = 470pF. PAL, NTSC M/N has a 75 S time constant, C4 = 750 pF. STEREO APPLICATIONS: 5. The value of the audio input capacitor, C5, can be increased to 220nF to improve low frequency response. 6. The audio signal is encoded and pre-emphasis is applied in the baseband stereo encoder. It is not necessary to add pre-emphasis in the RF modulator and the pre-emphasis capacitor C4 should be removed. Sometimes it is useful to increase the FM deviation. Replace the original pre-emphasis capacitor, C4, with a 100-nF capacitor. Adding this kind of value boosts the deviation and does not create a pre-emphasis. 7. Sound loop filter C6 and C7 are in a 10:1 ratio, and should be changed to 1uF and 100nF respectively for stereo applications. R1 should also be changed to 5.6K. It is possible to peak the low audio frequencies (from 30 to 80 Hz) by adjusting the resistor, R1. A value of 4.7 K gives a peak of about 1 dB at 40 Hz and extends the low-frequency cut-off to 28 Hz. Another option for absolutly the BEST stereo performance at the cost of slow startup (1-2 seconds) is to use C8 = 2.2uF.
Applications Specific Products Organization Chandler, Arizona Title Rev MC44BC375 16Pin Frequency Agile Modulator Evaluation Board 0.2 Monday, December 06, 2004
2
Sheet
1
1
of
1
5
MC44BC375U
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PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
Figure 5. SOIC16 Package Dimensions
MC44BC375U 14 Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor
Figure 6. SOIC16 Package Dimensions - part 2
MC44BC375U Application Specific Products Freescale Semiconductor 15
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Document Number: MC44BC375U Rev. 3 08/2006

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