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| TDA7402 Car radio signal processor Features 3 Stereo inputs 3 Mono inputs Dynamic-compression-stage for cd Softstep-volume Bass, treble and loudness control Voice-band-filter Direct mute and softmute Internal beep Four independent speaker-outputs Stereo subwoofer output Independent second source-selector Full mixing capability Pause detector LQFP44 Digital control: I2C bus interface Description The device includes a high performance audioprocessor and a stereo decoder-noise blanker combination, with the whole low frequency signal processing necessary for state of the art, as well as future car radios. The digital control allows a programming in a wide range of all the filter characteristics. The stereo decoder part also offers several possibilities of programming, especially for the adaptation to different IF devices. Stereo decoder: RDS mute No external adjustments AM/FM noiseblanker with several trigger controls Programmable multipath detector Quality detector output Device summary Part numbers TDA7402 Table 1. Package LQFP44 (10x 10x 1.4mm) Packing Tube March 2007 Rev 5 1/71 www.st.com 1 Contents TDA7402 Contents 1 2 3 4 Pin connections and block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Audioprocessor part features: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Audioprocessor part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 4.1 Input stages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.1.5 Full-differential stereo Input 1 (FD1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Full-differential stereo Input 2 (FD2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Mono differential Input 1 (MD1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Mono differential Input 2 (MD2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Single ended stereo Input (SE1), single ended mono input (AM) and FMMPX input 18 4.2 AutoZero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.2.1 4.2.2 AutoZero for stereo decoder selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 AutoZero remain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.3 Pause detector / MUX-output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 Loudness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Attenuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Peak frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Loudness order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Flat mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 4.4 4.5 4.6 SoftMute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 SoftStep volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Bass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.6.1 4.6.2 4.6.3 4.6.4 Attenuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Center frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Quality factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 DC mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.7 Treble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.7.1 4.7.2 Attenuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Center frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.8 Subwoofer application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2/71 TDA7402 Contents 4.9 4.10 Voice band application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Compander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4.10.1 4.10.2 4.10.3 Anti-clipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Characteristic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 IC bus timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 AC coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Output selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Subwoofer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Speaker attenuator and mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Audioprocessor testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 5 Stereo decoder part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.1 5.2 5.3 Features: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Notes about the characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 Intermodulation suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Traffic radio (V.F.) suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 SCA (subsidiary communications authorization) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 ACI (adjacent channel interference) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.4 5.5 Noise blanker part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.4.1 Features: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Multipath detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 5.5.1 Features: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 6 Functional description of stereo decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 Stereo decoder mute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 InGain + infilter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Demodulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 De-emphasis and highcut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 PLL and pilot tone detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Field strength control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 EVEL input and gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Stereo blend control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Highcut control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3/71 Contents TDA7402 7 Functional description of the noise blanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 7.1 7.2 7.3 Trigger path FM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Noise controlled threshold adjustment (NCT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Additional threshold control mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.3.4 Automatic threshold control by the stereo blend voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Over deviation detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Multipath level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 AM mode of the noiseblanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 8 Functional description of the multipath detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 8.1 8.2 8.3 Quality detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Testmode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Dual MPX usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 8.3.1 8.3.2 Feature description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 9 I2C bus interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 Interface protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Auto increment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Transmitted data (send mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Subaddress (receive mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Data byte specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 10 11 12 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 4/71 TDA7402 List of tables List of tables Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Table 7. Table 8. Table 9. Table 10. Table 11. Table 12. Table 13. Table 14. Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Table 18. Table 19. Table 20. Table 21. Table 22. Table 23. Table 24. Table 25. Table 26. Table 27. Table 28. Table 29. Table 30. Table 31. Table 32. Table 33. Table 34. Table 35. Table 36. Table 37. Table 38. Table 39. Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Attack times vs soft-step times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Electrical characteristics of multipath detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Transmitted data (send mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Reset condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Subaddress (receive mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Main selector (0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Main loudness (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Volume (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Treble filter (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Bass filter (4). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Mixing programming (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Soft mute (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Voiceband (7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Second source selector (8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Second loudness (9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Subwoofer Configuration / Bass (10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Compander (11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Configuration audioprocessor I (12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Configuration audioprocessor II (13) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Speaker, subwoofer and mixer level-control (14-20) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Testing Audioprocessor (21). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Stereo decoder (22) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Noise blanker I (23) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Noiseblanker II (24) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 AM / FM noiseblanker (25) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 High cut (26) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Fieldstrength control (27) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Multipath detector (28) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Stereo decoder adjustment (29) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Stereo decoder configuration (30) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Testing stereo decoder (31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 5/71 List of figures TDA7402 List of figures Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. Figure 16. Figure 17. Figure 18. Figure 19. Figure 20. Figure 21. Figure 22. Figure 23. Figure 24. Figure 25. Figure 26. Figure 27. Figure 28. Figure 29. Figure 30. Figure 31. Figure 32. Figure 33. Figure 34. Figure 35. Figure 36. Figure 37. Figure 38. Figure 39. PIN connection (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Input-stages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Loudness attenuation @ fP = 400Hz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Loudness center frequencies @ Attn. = 15dB. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 1st and 2nd order loudness @ Attn. = 15dB, fP=400Hz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Softmute timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 SoftStep timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Bass control @ fC = 80Hz, Q = 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Bass center frequencies @ gain = 14dB, Q = 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Bass Quality factors @ Gain = 14dB, fC = 80Hz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Bass normal and DC Mode @ Gain = 14dB, fC = 80Hz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Treble Control @ fC = 17.5kHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Treble center frequencies @ gain = 14dB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Subwoofer application with LPF 80/120/160Hz and HPF 90/135/180Hz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Voiceband application with HPF 300/450/600/750Hz and LPF 3k/6kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Compander block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Compander characteristic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Output selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Application 1 using internal highpass and mono low pass filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Application 2 using internal highpass and external stereo low pass filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Application 3 using pure external filtering (e.g. DSP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Output selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Vn timing diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Trigger threshold vs. VPEAK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Deviation controlled trigger adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Field strength controlled trigger adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Block diagram of stereo decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Signals during stereo decoder's SoftMute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Signal control via SoftMute pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Internal stereo blend characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Relation between internal and external LEVEL voltages for setup of stereo blend . . . . . . 43 Highcut characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Block diagram of the noise blanker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Block diagram of the multipath detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Dual MPX input diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Application diagram (standard configuration) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Application diagram (Dual MPX mode). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 LQFP44 (10x10) Mechanical data and package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 6/71 TDA7402 Pin connections and block diagram 1 Pin connections and block diagram Figure 1. PIN connection (top view) MD1G/SE4L MD1/SE4R MUX/PAUSE ACOUTL ACOUTR MD2G MD2 44 43 42 41 40 CREF 39 38 37 SWINL 36 SWINR 35 SE1L SE1R FD1L+/SE3L FD1L-/SE2L FD1R+/SE3R FD1R-/SE2R FD2L+ FD2LFD2R+ FD2RAM ACINLF 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 ACINLR ACINRF ACINRR OUTLF OUTLR OUTRF OUTRR OUTSWL OUTSWR OUTSSL OUTSSR AM IF MPX LEVEL MPIN MPOUT QUAL SM GND SDA SCL VDD D00AU1131 7/71 ACOUTL ACOUTR SWINR SWINL ACINRR ACINRF ACINLR ACINLF 8/71 Figure 2. MUX SM FD1L+ FD1LACIN VOICE BANDPASS + LOUDNESS TREBLE HP LP OUTPUT SELECTOR REAR SW BASS SOFT MUTE FRONT FD1R+ FD1R- FD2L+ IN-GAIN + AUTO ZERO SOFT STEP VOLUME CHG MONO-FADER MONO-FADER MIXER MONO-FADER MONO-FADER OUTLF OUTLR OUTRF OUTRR Pin connections and block diagram FD2L- FD2R+ AUX MAIN SOURCE SELECTOR Block diagram FD2R- INPUTMULTIPLEXER SEL COMPANDER ANTI CLIP. INPUT SER MAIN MIXING SELECTOR MD1 MONO-FADER SUBWOOFER + PHONE CONTROL MONO-FADER OUTSWL OUTSWR MD1G NAVI MD2 MUTE IN GAIN LOUDNESS MD2G PHONE SECOND SOURCE SELECTOR OUTSSL SEN AM OUTSSR DIGITAL CONTROL IIC BUS SDA SCL BEEP PAUSE MPX 80KHz LP PILOT CANCELLATION 25KHz LP DEMODULATOR + STEREO ADJUST + STEREO BLEND S&H HIGH CUT PLL PIL. DET. QUAL. MULTIPATH DETECTOR D PULSE FORMER A SUPPLY QUAL VDD GND CREF AM/FM NOISE BANKER AM-IF TDA7402 MPIN MPOUT LEVEL D00AU1130 TDA7402 Electrical specifications 2 Electrical specifications VS = 9V; Tamb = 25C; RL = 10k; all gains = 0dB; f = 1kHz; unless otherwise specified Table 2. Symbol Input selector Rin VCL SIN GIN MIN Input resistance Clipping level Input separation Min. input gain all single ended Inputs 70 2.2 80 -1 13 0.5 Adjacent gain steps VDC Voffset DC steps GMIN to GMAX Remaining offset with autozero -10 6 0.5 10 mV mV -5 100 2.6 100 0 15 1 1 +1 17 1.5 5 130 k VRMS dB dB dB dB mV Electrical characteristics Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit GIN MAX Max. input gain GSTEP Step resolution Differential stereo inputs Rin Input resistance (see Figure 3) Differential 70 -1 GCD Gain only at true differential input -5 -11 CMRR eNO Common mode rejection ratio VCM = 1VRMS @ 1kHz VCM = 1VRMS @ 10kHz Output-noise @ speaker outputs 20Hz - 20kHz, flat; all stages 0dB 46 46 100 0 -6 -12 70 60 9 15 130 1 7 -13 k dB dB dB dB dB V Differential mono inputs Rin CMRR Input impedance Common mode rejection ratio Differential VCM = 1VRMS @ 1kHz VCM = 1VRMS @ 10kHz Beep control VRMS Beep level Mix-gain = 6dB fBeep1 fBeep Beep frequency fBeep2 fBeep1 fBeep1 250 570 740 1.48 2.28 350 600 780 1.56 2.4 500 630 820 1.64 2.52 mV Hz Hz kHz kHz 40 40 40 56 70 60 72 k dB dB 9/71 Electrical specifications TDA7402 Table 2. Symbol Electrical characteristics (continued) Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit Mixing control MLEVEL GMAX AMAX ASTEP Mixing ratio Max. gain Max. attenuation Attennuation step Main / mix source 13 -83 0.5 -6/-6 15 -79 1 17 -75 1.5 dB dB dB dB Multiplexer output (1) ROUT RL CL VDC Output impedance Output load resistance Output load capacitance DC voltage level 4.3 4.5 2 10 4.7 225 300 W k nF V Loudness control ASTEP AMAX Step resolution Max. attenuation fP1 fPeak Peak frequency fP2 fP3 fP4 Volume control GMAX AMAX ASTEP EA ET VDC Soft mute AMUTE 0.5 -21 180 360 540 720 1 -19 200 400 600 800 1.5 -17 220 440 660 880 dB dB Hz Hz Hz Hz Max. gain Max. attenuation Step resolution G = -20 to +20dB Attenuation set error G = -80 to -20dB Tracking error Adjacent attenuation steps DC steps From 0dB to GMIN 30 -83 0 -0.75 -4 32 -79.5 0.5 0 0 34 -75 1 +0.75 3 2 dB dB dB dB dB dB mV mV 0.1 0.5 3 5 Mute attenuation T1 T2 80 100 0.48 0.96 1 2 170 600 1 dB ms ms ms ms V TD Delay time T3 T4 70 200 123 324 VTH low Low threshold for SM Pin(2) 10/71 TDA7402 Electrical specifications Table 2. Symbol Electrical characteristics (continued) Parameter Test condition Min. 2.5 32 45 58 Typ. Max. Unit V k VTH high High threshold for SM Pin RPU VPU Internal pull-up resistor Internal pull-up voltage 3.3 V Bass control CRANGE Control range ASTEP Step resolution fC1 fC2 fC3 fC Center frequency fC4 fC5 fC6 fC7 fC8 Q1 QBASS Quality factor Q2 Q3 Q4 DC = off DCGAIN Bass-DC-gain DC = on 4 4.4 6 dB +14 0.5 54 63 72 81 90 117 135 180 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.8 -1 +15 1 60 70 80 90 100 130 150 200 1 1.25 1.5 2 0 +16 1.5 66 77 88 99 110 143 165 220 1.1 1.4 1.7 2.2 +1 dB dB dB Hz Hz Hz Hz Hz Hz Hz Hz Treble control CRANGE Control range ASTEP Step resolution fC1 fC Center frequency fC2 fC3 fC4 Pause detector(3) Window 1 VTH Zero crossing threshold Window 2 Window 3 IDELAY VTHP Pull-up current Pause threshold 15 40 80 160 25 3.0 35 mV mV mV A V +14 0.5 8 10 12 14 +15 1 10 12.5 15 17.5 +16 1.5 12 15 18 21 dB dB kHz kHz kHz kHz 11/71 Electrical specifications TDA7402 Table 2. Symbol Electrical characteristics (continued) Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit Speaker attenuators Rin GMAX AMAX ASTEP AMUTE EE VDC Input impedance Max. gain Max. attenuation Step resolution Output mute attenuation Attenuation set error DC steps Adjacent attenuation steps 0.1 35 14 -83 0.5 80 50 15 -79 1 90 2 5 65 16 -75 1.5 k dB dB dB dB dB mV Audio outputs VCLIP RL CL ROUT VDC Clipping level Output load resistance Output load capacitance Output impedance DC voltage level 4.3 30 4.5 d = 0.3% 2.2 2 10 100 4.7 2.6 VRMS k nF W V Voice bandpass fHP1 fHP2 fHP3 fHP Highpass corner frequency fHP4 fHP5 fHP6 fHP7 fHP8 fLP Lowpass corner frequency fLP1 fLP2 81 122 162 194 270 405 540 675 2.7 5.4 90 135 180 215 300 450 600 750 3 6 99 148 198 236 330 495 660 825 3.3 6.6 Hz Hz Hz Hz Hz Hz Hz Hz kHz kHz Subwoofer attenuators Rin GMAX AATTN ASTEP AMUTE EE VDC Input impedance Max. gain Max. attenuation Step resolution Output mute attenuation Attenuation set error DC steps Adjacent attenuation steps 1 35 14 -83 0.5 80 50 15 -79 1 90 2 5 65 16 -75 1.5 k dB dB dB dB dB mV 12/71 TDA7402 Electrical specifications Table 2. Symbol Electrical characteristics (continued) Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit Subwoofer lowpass fLP1 fLP Lowpass corner frequency fLP2 fLP3 Differential outputs(4) RL load resistance at each output 1VRMS; AC coupled; THD=1% 2VRMS; AC coupled; THD=1% load resistance differential Capacitive load at each output 1VRMS; AC coupled; THD=1% 2VRMS; AC coupled; THD=1% CLmax at each output to ground CLmax between output terminals Output muted -10 30 4.3 Output muted 4.5 6 1 2 2 4 10 5 10 100 4.7 15 k k k k nF nF mV W V V 72 108 144 80 120 160 88 132 176 Hz Hz Hz RDL CLMAX CDLMAX Capacitive load differential VOffset ROUT VDC eNO DC offset at pins Output impedance DC voltage level Output noise Compander Vi < -46dB GMAX max. compander gain Vi < -46dB, Anti-clip = on tAtt1 tAtt Attack time tAtt2 tAtt3 tAtt4 tRel1 tRel Release time tRel2 tRel3 tRel4 VREF1 Compander reference input-level VREF2 (equals 0dB) VREF3 Compression factor Output signal / input signal 29 6 12 24 49 390 780 1.17 1.56 0.5 1.0 2.0 0.5 dB ms ms ms ms ms ms s s VRMS VRMS VRMS 19 dB VREF CF General 13/71 Electrical specifications TDA7402 Table 2. Symbol Electrical characteristics (continued) Parameter Test condition BW = 20Hz - 20kHz Min. Typ. Max. Unit eNO Output noise output muted all gains = 0dB single ended inputs all gains = 0dB flat; VO = 2VRMS bass, treble at +12dB; a-weighted; VO = 2.6VRMS VIN = 1VRMS ; all stages 0dB 3 10 106 100 0.005 0.05 80 100 0 0 15 20 V V dB dB S/N Signal to noise ratio 0.1 0.1 % % dB d distortion VOUT = 1VRMS ; bass & treble = 12dB SC ET Channel separation left/right Total tracking error AV = 0 to -20dB AV = -20 to -60dB -1 -2 1 2 dB dB 1. If configured as multiplexer-output 2. The SM Pin is active low (mute = 0) 3. If configured as pause-output 4. If programmed as subwoofer diff. output Table 3. Symbol VS Tamb Tstg VESD VESD Absolute maximum ratings Parameter Operating supply voltage Operating temperature range Storage temperature range ESD protection (human body mode) ESD protection (machine mode) Value 10.5 -40 to 85 -55 to +150 2000 200 Unit V C C V V Table 4. Symbol Rth j-pins Thermal data Parameter Thermal resistance junction-pins max Value 65 Unit C/W Table 5. Symbol VS IS SVRR Supply Parameter Supply voltage Supply current Ripple rejection @ 1kHz VS = 9V Audioprocessor (all Filters flat) Test condition Min. 7.5 35 Typ. 9 50 60 Max. 10 65 Unit V mA dB 14/71 TDA7402 Audioprocessor part features: 3 Audioprocessor part features: Input multiplexer - - - - - - - 2 fully differential CD stereo inputs with programmable attenuation 1 single ended stereo input 2 differential mono input 1 single ended mono input In-gain 0..15dB, 1dB steps internal offset cancellation (AutoZero) separate second source selector internal beep with 4 frequencies Beep, phone and navigation mixable to all speaker outputs programmable center frequency and frequency response 15 x 1dB steps selectable flat-mode (constant attenuation) 0.5dB attenuator 100dB range soft-step control with programmable times dynamic range compression for use with CD 2:1 compression rate programmable max. gain 2nd order frequency response center frequency programmable in 8 steps DC gain programmable + 15 x 1dB steps 2nd order frequency response center frequency programmable in 4 steps +15 x 1dB steps 2nd order butterworth highpass filter with programmable cut off frequency 2nd order butterworth lowpass filter with programmable cut off frequency selectable flat mode Beep - - - - - Mixing stage Loudness Volume - - - Compander - - - Bass - - - - Treble - - - Voice Bandpass - - - - 15/71 Audioprocessor part features: TDA7402 Speaker - - - 4 independent speaker controls in 1dB steps control range 95dB separate Mute single ended stereo output independent stereo level controls in 1dB steps control range 95dB separate Mute direct mute digitally controlled SoftMute with 4 programmable mute-times programmable threshold Subwoofer - - - - Mute Functions - - Pause Detector - 16/71 TDA7402 Audioprocessor part 4 4.1 Audioprocessor part Input stages In the basic configuration two full differential, two mono differential, one single ended stereo and one single ended mono input are available. In addition a dedicated input for the stereo decoder MPX signal is present. Figure 3. Input-stages SE3 SE2 FD1100K STEREO 15K 1 + FD1+ 100K 1 15K 15K 15K FD1/SE2 FD2 MD1/SE4 MD2 SE1 AM FM 100K MUTE IN GAIN MAIN SOURCE SELECTOR SE3 15K FD2100K STEREO 1 + 1 100K 15K 15K MD2 SE4 28K MD1G 100K MONO + 28K MD1 FM BEEP MIXING SELECTOR MUTE MIXING STAGE 15K FD2+ MD1 28K 100K SE4R 28K MD2G 100K MONO + SE3 28K SECOND SOURCE SELECTOR SE4R 28K FD1/SE2 FD2 MD2 100K SE1 STEREO 28K 28K MD1/SE4 MD2 SE1 MUTE IN GAIN 100K AM FM AM MONO 100K MPX 100K D00AU1142 NOISE BLANKER + STEREO DECODER 4.1.1 Full-differential stereo Input 1 (FD1) The FD1 input is implemented as a buffered full-differential stereo stage with 100k input impedance at each input. The attenuation is programmable in 3 steps from 0 to -12dB in order to adapt the incoming signal level. A 6dB attenuation is included in the differential stage, the additional 6dB are done by a following resistive divider. This input is also configurable as two single ended stereo inputs (see pin-out). 4.1.2 Full-differential stereo Input 2 (FD2) The FD2 input has the same general structure as FD1, but with a programmable attenuation of 0 or 6dB embedded in the differential stage. 17/71 Audioprocessor part TDA7402 4.1.3 Mono differential Input 1 (MD1) The MD1 input is designed as a basic differential stage with 56k input impedance. This input is configurable as a single ended stereo input (see pin-out). 4.1.4 Mono differential Input 2 (MD2) The MD2 input has the same topology as MD1, but without the possibility to configure it to single ended. 4.1.5 Single ended stereo Input (SE1), single ended mono input (AM) and FM-MPX input All single ended inputs offer an input impedance of 100k. The AM pin can be connected by software to the input of the stereo-decoder in order to use the AM noiseblanker and AM High Cut feature. 4.2 AutoZero The AutoZero allows a reduction of the number of pins as well as external components by canceling any offset generated by or before the In-Gain-stage (Please notice that externally generated offsets, e.g. generated through the leakage current of the coupling capacitors, are not canceled). The auto zeroing is started every time the DATA-BYTE 0 is selected and needs max. 0.3ms for the alignment. To avoid audible clicks the Audioprocessor is muted before the loudness stage during this time. The AutoZero feature is only present in the main signal path. 4.2.1 AutoZero for stereo decoder selection A special procedure is recommended for selecting the stereo decoder at the main inputselector to guarantee an optimum offset cancellation: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. SoftMute or Mute the signal-path Temporary deselect the stereo decoder at all input selectors Configure the stereo decoder via IIC-Bus Wait 1ms Select the stereo decoder at the main input selector first The root cause of this procedure is, that after muting the stereo decoder (Step 1), the internal stereo decoder filters have to settle in order to perform a proper offset cancellation. 4.2.2 AutoZero remain In some cases, for example if the P is executing a refresh cycle of the I2C Bus programming, it is not useful to start a new AutoZero action because no new source is selected and an undesired mute would appear at the outputs. For such applications the A619 could be switched in the AutoZero Remain Mode (Bit 6 of the subaddress byte). If this bit is set to high, the DATABYTE 0 could be loaded without invoking the AutoZero and the old adjustment value remains. 18/71 TDA7402 Audioprocessor part 4.3 Pause detector / MUX-output The pin number 40 (Pause/MUX) is configurable for two different functions: 1. 2. During pause detector OFF this pin is used as a mono output of the main input selector. This signal is often used to drive a level/equalizer display on the car radio front panel. During pause detector ON the pin is used to define the time constant of the detector by an external capacitor. The pause detector is driven by the internal stereo decoder outputs in order to use pauses in the FM signal for alternate frequency jumps. If the signal level of both stereo decoder channels is outside the programmed voltage window, the external capacitor is abruptly discharged. Inside the pause condition the capacitor is slowly recharged by a constant current of 25A. The pause information is also available via I2C Bus (see I2C Bus programming). 4.3.1 Loudness There are four parameters programmable in the loudness stage: 4.3.2 Attenuation Figure 4 shows the attenuation as a function of frequency at fP = 400Hz Figure 4. 0.0 Loudness attenuation @ fP = 400Hz. -5.0 -10.0 dB -15.0 -20.0 -25.0 10.0 100.0 Hz 1.0K 10.0K 19/71 Audioprocessor part TDA7402 4.3.3 Peak frequency Figure 5 shows the four possible peak-frequencies at 200, 400, 600 and 800Hz Figure 5. 0.0 Loudness center frequencies @ Attn. = 15dB. -5.0 dB -10.0 -15.0 -20.0 10.0 100.0 1.0K 10.0K Hz 4.3.4 Loudness order Different shapes of 1st and 2nd-order loudness Figure 6. 1st and 2nd order loudness @ Attn. = 15dB, fP=400Hz 0.0 -5.0 dB -10.0 -15.0 -20.0 10.0 100.0 Hz 1.0K 10.0K 4.3.5 Flat mode In flat mode the loudness stage works as a 0dB to -19dB attenuator. 20/71 TDA7402 Audioprocessor part 4.4 SoftMute The digitally controlled SoftMute stage allows muting/demuting the signal with a I2C bus programmable slope. The mute process can either be activated by the SoftMute pin or by the I2C-bus. This slope is realized in a special S-shaped curve to mute slow in the critical regions (see Figure 7). For timing purposes the Bit0 of the I2C bus output register is set to 1 from the start of muting until the end of de-muting. Figure 7. Softmute timing EXT. MUTE 1 +SIGNAL REF -SIGNAL 1 I2C BUS OUT D97AU634 Time Note: Please notice that a started mute action is always terminated and could not be interrupted by a change of the mute -signal. 4.5 SoftStep volume When the volume level is changed audible clicks could appear at the output. The root cause of those clicks could either be a DC offset before the volume stage or the sudden change of the envelope of the audiosignal. With the SoftStep feature both kinds of clicks could be reduced to a minimum and are no more audible. The blend time from one step to the next is programmable in four steps. Figure 8. SoftStep timing VOUT 1dB 0.5dB SS Time -0.5dB Time -1dB D00AU1170 21/71 Audioprocessor part Note: TDA7402 For steps more than 0.5dB the SoftStep mode should be deactivated because it could generate a hard 1dB step during the blend time. 4.6 Bass There are four parameters programmable in the bass stage: 4.6.1 Attenuation Figure 9 shows the attenuation as a function of frequency at a center frequency of 80Hz. Figure 9. Bass control @ fC = 80Hz, Q = 1 15.0 10.0 5.0 dB 0.0 -5.0 -10.0 -15.0 10.0 100.0 Hz 1.0K 10.0K 4.6.2 Center frequency Figure 10 shows the eight possible center frequencies 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 130, 150 and 200Hz. Figure 10. Bass center frequencies @ gain = 14dB, Q = 1 15.0 12.5 10.0 7.5 dB 5.0 2.5 0.0 10.0 100.0 1.0K 10.0K Hz 22/71 TDA7402 Audioprocessor part 4.6.3 Quality factors Figure 11 shows the four possible quality factors 1, 1.25, 1.5 and 2. Figure 11. Bass Quality factors @ Gain = 14dB, fC = 80Hz 15.0 12.5 10.0 7.5 5.0 2.5 0.0 10.0 100.0 1.0K 10.0K 4.6.4 DC mode In this mode the DC-gain is increased by 4.4dB. In addition the programmed center frequency and quality factor is decreased by 25% which can be used to reach alternative center frequencies or quality factors. Figure 12. Bass normal and DC Mode @ Gain = 14dB, fC = 80Hz 15.0 12.5 10.0 7.5 5.0 2.5 0.0 10.0 100.0 1.0K 10.0K Note: The center frequency, Q and DC-mode can be set fully independently. 23/71 Audioprocessor part TDA7402 4.7 Treble There are two parameters programmable in the treble stage: 4.7.1 Attenuation Figure 13. shows the attenuation as a function of frequency at a center frequency of 17.5kHz. Figure 13. Treble Control @ fC = 17.5kHz 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 -5.0 -10.0 -15.0 10.0 100.0 1.0K 10.0K 4.7.2 Center frequency Figure 14. shows the four possible center frequencies 10k, 12.5k, 15k and 17.5kHz. Figure 14. Treble center frequencies @ gain = 14dB 15.0 12.5 10.0 7.5 5.0 2.5 0.0 10.0 100.0 1.0K 10.0K 24/71 TDA7402 Audioprocessor part 4.8 Subwoofer application Figure 15. Subwoofer application with LPF 80/120/160Hz and HPF 90/135/180Hz 0.0 -10.0 -20.0 dB -30.0 -40.0 -50.0 10.0 100.0 Hz 1.0K 10.0K Both filters, the lowpass and the highpass-filter, have butterworth characteristics so that their cut off frequencies are not equal, but shifted by the factor 1.125 to get a flat frequency response. 4.9 Voice band application Figure 16. Voiceband application with HPF 300/450/600/750Hz and LPF 3k/6kHz 0.0 -10.0 -20.0 dB -30.0 -40.0 -50.0 10.0 100.0 Hz 1.0K 10.0K 25/71 Audioprocessor part TDA7402 4.10 Compander Signal compression A fully integrated signal compressor with programmable attack and decay times is present in the A619 (see Figure 17). The compander consists of a signal level detection, an A/D Converter plus adder and the normal softstep volume stage. First of all the left and the right InGain-signal is rectified, respectively, and the logarithm is build from the summed signal. The following low-pass smooth the output-signal of the logarithm amplifier and improves the low frequency suppression. The low pass output-voltage then is A/D converted an added to the current volume-word defined by the I2C bus. Assuming reference level or higher at the compander input, the output of the ADC is 0. At lower levels the voltage is increasing with 1Bit/dB. It is obvious that with this configuration and a 0.5dB-step volume stage the compression rate is fixed to 2:1 (1dB less at the input leads to 0.5dB less at the output). The internal reference level of the compander is programmable in three steps from 0.5VRMS to 2VRMS. For a proper behavior of the compression circuit it is mandatory to have at a 0dB input signal exactly the programmed reference level after the InGain-stage. E.g. at a configured reference-level of 0.5VRMS the output of the InGain stage has to have also 0.5VRMS at 0dB source-signal (Usually the 0dB for CD is defined as the maximum possible signal-level). To adapt the external level to the internal reference level the programmable attenuation in the differential stages and the InGain can be used. Figure 17. Compander block diagram SOFT STEP VOLUME INL INR INL INR OUTL OUTR OUTL OUTR 8 Bit IIC-BUS VOLUME CONTROL 8 Bit 6 Bit ADDER CLKATT CLKREL D A LIN STEREO FULL WAVE RECTIFIER 50Hz LOW-PASS ANTI-CLIP ENABLE AM MPIN INPUT SELECT RIN + LOG AMPL + CLPIN D00AU1147 4.10.1 Anti-clipping In a second application the compander-circuit can be used for a anti-clipping or limiting function. In this case one of the dedicated inputs (AM or MPin) is connected directly to the clip-detector of the power-amplifier. if no clipping is detected, the open-collector output of the power-amplifier is highohmic and the input-voltage of the rectifier is VREF. The level detector interprets this as a very small signal and reacts with the maximum programmed compander gain. In the application this gain has to be compensated by decreasing the 26/71 TDA7402 Audioprocessor part volume with the same value in order to get the desired output-level. In clipping situation the open collector current generates a voltage drop at the rectifier input, which forces the compander to decrease the gain until the clipping disappears. It is even possible to run the compression mode and the anti-clipping mode in parallel. In this case the maximum compander gain should be set to 29dB. 4.10.2 Characteristic To achieve the desired compression characteristic like shown below the volume has to be decreased by 4dB. Figure 18. Compander characteristic 0 -8dB 2:1 -20 -38dB -30 15dB -10 Output Level dB -40 -50 -60 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 Input Level dB 4.10.3 IC bus timing While the compander is working, a volume word coming from this stage is added to the I2C bus volume word, and the volume is changed with a soft slope between adjacent steps (softstep stage). As mentioned in the description of this stage, it is not recommended to change the volume during this slope. To avoid this while the compander is working and the volume has to be changed, the compander hold-bit is implemented (Bit 7 in the subaddress byte). The recommended timing for changing the volume during compander ON is the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. Set the compander hold bit Wait the actual softstep time Change the volume Reset the compander hold bit The softstep-times are in compander ON condition automatically adapted to the attack time of the compander. In the following table the related SoftStep-times are shown: Table 6. Attack times vs soft-step times Attack time 6ms 12ms 24ms 48ms SoftStep time 0.16ms 0.32ms 0.64ms 1.28ms 27/71 Audioprocessor part TDA7402 4.11 AC coupling In some applications additional signal manipulations are desired, for example surround sound or more band equalizing. For this purpose an AC coupling is placed before the speaker attenuators, which can be activated or internally shorted by the I2C bus. In short condition the input signal of the speaker attenuator is available at the AC outputs. The input impedance of this AC Inputs is 50k. 4.12 Output selector The output-selector allows to connect the main- or the second-source to the front, rear and subwoofer speaker attenuator, respectively. As an example of this programming the device is able to connect via software the main source to the back (rear) and the second source to the front (see Figure 17). In addition to this stage allows to setup different applications by I2C bus programming. Three examples are given in Figure 18, 19, and 20. Figure 19. Output selector ACOUT ACINF ACINR SWIN MAIN SOURCE LEFT CHANNEL VOICE BAND BANDPASS SPEAKER FRONT SPEAKER REAR 25K MS MONO MAIN SOURCE 25K RIGHT CHANNEL 50K 50K 50K LOWPASS SECOND SOURCE 25K SEC.S MONO 25K LEFT CHANNEL SECOND SOURCE D00AU1155 SPEAKER SUBWOOFER OFF/ON FC 28/71 TDA7402 Audioprocessor part 4.13 Subwoofer Several different applications are possible with the subwoofer circuit: 1. Subwoofer filter OFF a) b) c) d) 2. a) b) c) Main source stereo (AC coupled) Second source stereo (DC coupled) Main source mono differential (DC coupled) Second source mono-differential (DC coupled) Main source mono differential (DC coupled) Second source mono differential (DC coupled) Center speaker mode (filtered mono signal at SWL, unfiltered mono signal at SWR) Subwoofer filter ON In all applications the phase of the output-signal can be configured to be 0 or 180 . In the center speaker mode only at the filtered output the phase is changed. Figure 20. Application 1 using internal highpass and mono low pass filter PROGRAMMING 5/1xxxxxxx 7/xxxxx1xx 10/xxxx10xx 12/1010xxxx ACINF 220nF 220nF ACOUT ACINR SWIN MAIN SOURCE BASS-FILTER LEFT CHANNEL VOICE BAND BANDPASS SPEAKER FRONT SPEAKER REAR 25K MS MONO MAIN SOURCE RIGHT CHANNEL 25K 50K 50K 50K LOWPASS SECOND SOURCE 25K SEC.S MONO 25K LEFT CHANNEL OFF/ON FC SPEAKER SUBWOOFER D00AU1156 SECOND SOURCE 29/71 Audioprocessor part TDA7402 Figure 21. Application 2 using internal highpass and external stereo low pass filter PROGRAMMING 5/0xxxxxxx 7/xxxxx1xx 10/xxxx11xx 12/1010xxxx ACINF ACOUT EXTERNAL LOWPASS 220nF ACINR SWIN MAIN SOURCE BASS-FILTER LEFT CHANNEL VOICE BAND BANDPASS SPEAKER FRONT SPEAKER REAR 25K MS MONO MAIN SOURCE RIGHT CHANNEL 25K 50K 50K 50K LOWPASS SECOND SOURCE 25K SEC.S MONO 25K LEFT CHANNEL OFF/ON FC SPEAKER SUBWOOFER D00AU1157 SECOND SOURCE Figure 22. Application 3 using pure external filtering (e.g. DSP) PROGRAMMING 5/1xxxxxxx 7/xxxxx0xx 10/xxxx11xx 12/1010xxxx EXTERNAL FILTERING 220nF ACINF 220nF ACOUT 220nF ACINR 220nF SWIN MAIN SOURCE BASS-FILTER LEFT CHANNEL VOICE BAND BANDPASS SPEAKER FRONT SPEAKER REAR 25K MS MONO MAIN SOURCE RIGHT CHANNEL 25K 50K 50K 50K LOWPASS SECOND SOURCE 25K SEC.S MONO 25K LEFT CHANNEL OFF/ON FC SPEAKER SUBWOOFER D00AU1163 SECOND SOURCE 4.14 Speaker attenuator and mixing A mixing-stage is placed after each speaker attenuator and can be set independly to mixing mode. Having a full volume for the mix signal the stage offers a wide flexibility to adapt the mixing levels. 30/71 TDA7402 Figure 23. Output selector Audioprocessor part FRONT VOLUME +15/-79dB 1dB Step 1 25K OUTF FROM OUTPUT SELECTOR REAR VOLUME +15/-79dB 1dB Step 1 25K OUTR FROM MIXING SELECTOR VOLUME +15/-79dB 1dB Step 25K 25K D00AU1164 4.15 Audioprocessor testing During the testmode, which can be activated by setting bit D0 of the stereo decoder testing byte and the audioprocessor testing byte, several internal signals are available at the FD2R pin. During this mode the input resistance of 100kOhm is disconnected from the pin. The internal signals available are shown in the data byte specification. 31/71 Stereo decoder part TDA7402 5 5.1 Stereo decoder part Features: No external components necessary PLL with adjustment free, fully integrated VCO Automatic pilot dependent MONO/STEREO switching Very high suppression of intermodulation and interference Programmable roll off compensation Dedicated RDS-softmute Highcut and stereo blend-characterisctics programmable in a wide range FM/AM noiseblanker with several threshold controls Multipath-detector with programmable internal/external influence I2C-bus control of all necessary functions 5.2 Electrical characteristics VS = 9V, de-emphasis time constant = 50s, MPX input voltage VMPX = 500mV (75kHz deviation), modulation frequency = 1kHz, input gain = 6dB, Tamb = 27C, unless otherwise specified. Table 7. Symbol Vin Rin Gmin Gmax Gstep SVRR a THD S+N N Electrical characteristics Parameter MPX input level Input resistance Min. input gain Max. input gain Step resolution Supply voltage ripple rejection Max. channel separation Total harmonic distortion Signal plus noise to noise ratio fin=1kHz, mono A-weighted, S = 2Vrms 80 Vripple = 100mV, f = 1kHz 30 Test condition Input gain = 3.5dB 70 1.5 8.5 1.75 Min. Typ. 0.5 100 3.5 11 2.5 55 50 0.02 91 0.3 Max. 1.25 130 4.5 12.5 3.25 Unit Vrms k dB dB dB dB dB % dB Mono/Stereo-switch VPTHST1 VPTHST0 VPTHMO1 VPTHMO0 PLL f/f Capture range 0.5 % Pilot threshold voltage Pilot threshold voltage Pilot threshold voltage Pilot threshold voltage for stereo, PTH = 1 for stereo, PTH = 0 for mono, PTH = 1 for mono, PTH = 0 10 15 7 10 15 25 12 19 25 35 17 25 mV mV mV mV 32/71 TDA7402 Stereo decoder part Table 7. Symbol Electrical characteristics (continued) Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit De-emphasis and highcut VLEVEL >> VHCH DeempFM De-emphasis timeconstants FM VLEVEL >> VHCH VLEVEL >> VHCH VLEVEL >> VHCH MFM Highcut timeconstant multiplier FM VLEVEL << VHCL VLEVEL >> VHCH DeempAM De-emphasis timeconstants AM VLEVEL >> VHCH VLEVEL >> VHCH VLEVEL >> VHCH MAM REF5V Lmin Lmaxs LGstep VSBLmin VSBLmax VSBLstep Highcut timeconstant multiplier AM Internal reference voltage min. LEVEL gain max. LEVEL gain LEVEL gain step resolution Min. voltage for mono Max. voltage for mono Step resolution see section 2.7 see section 2.8 see section 2.8 see section 2.8 see section 2.9 see section 2.9 see section 2.9 see section 2.9 see section 2.9 see section 2.9 VLEVEL << VHCL 4.7 -1 5 0.2 17 62 1.6 37 58 4.2 15 29 25 44 50 70 50 62.5 75 100 3 37.5 47 56 75 3.7 5 0 6 0.4 20 70 3.3 42 66 8.4 17 33 75 80 100 130 s s s s s s s s 5.3 1 7 0.6 23 78 5.0 47 74 12.6 19 37 V dB dB dB %REF 5V %REF 5V %REF 5V %REF 5V %REF 5V %REF 5V %VHCH %VHCH VHCHmin Min. voltage for NO highcut VHCHmax Max. voltage for NO highcut VHCHstep Step resolution VHCLmin Min. voltage for FULL high cut VHCLmax Max. voltage for FULL high cut VHCLstep Step resolution 2.1 4.2 6.3 %REF 5V Carrier and harmonic suppression at the output 19 38 57 76 Pilot signal f=19kHz Subcarrier f=38kHz Subcarrier f=57kHz Subcarrier f=76kHz 40 50 75 62 90 dB dB dB dB 33/71 Stereo decoder part TDA7402 Table 7. Symbol Electrical characteristics (continued) Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit De-emphasis and highcut VLEVEL >> VHCH DeempFM De-emphasis timeconstants FM VLEVEL >> VHCH VLEVEL >> VHCH VLEVEL >> VHCH MFM Highcut timeconstant multiplier FM VLEVEL << VHCL VLEVEL >> VHCH DeempAM De-emphasis timeconstants AM VLEVEL >> VHCH VLEVEL >> VHCH VLEVEL >> VHCH MAM REF5V Lmin Lmaxs LGstep VSBLmin VSBLmax VSBLstep Highcut timeconstant multiplier AM Internal reference voltage min. LEVEL gain max. LEVEL gain LEVEL gain step resolution Min. voltage for mono Max. voltage for mono Step resolution see section 2.7 see section 2.8 see section 2.8 see section 2.8 see section 2.9 see section 2.9 see section 2.9 see section 2.9 see section 2.9 see section 2.9 VLEVEL << VHCL 4.7 -1 5 0.2 17 62 1.6 37 58 4.2 15 29 25 44 50 70 50 62.5 75 100 3 37.5 47 56 75 3.7 5 0 6 0.4 20 70 3.3 42 66 8.4 17 33 75 80 100 130 s s s s s s s s 5.3 1 7 0.6 23 78 5.0 47 74 12.6 19 37 V dB dB dB %REF 5V %REF 5V %REF 5V %REF 5V %REF 5V %REF 5V %VHCH %VHCH VHCHmin Min. voltage for NO highcut VHCHmax Max. voltage for NO highcut VHCHstep Step resolution VHCLmin Min. voltage for FULL high cut VHCLmax Max. voltage for FULL high cut VHCLstep Step resolution 2.1 4.2 6.3 %REF 5V Carrier and harmonic suppression at the output 19 38 57 76 Pilot signal f=19kHz Subcarrier f=38kHz Subcarrier f=57kHz Subcarrier f=76kHz 40 50 75 62 90 dB dB dB dB 34/71 TDA7402 Stereo decoder part Table 7. Symbol Electrical characteristics (continued) Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit Intermodulation (Note 2.3.1) 2 3 fmod=10kHz, fspur=1kHz fmod=13kHz, fspur=1kHz 65 75 dB dB Traffic Radio (Note 2.3.2) 57 Signal f=57kHz 70 dB SCA - Subsidiary Communications Authorization (Note 2.3.3) 67 Signal f = 67kHz 75 dB ACI - Adjacent Channel Interference (Note 2.3.4) 114 190 Signal f=114kHz Signal f=190kHz 95 84 dB dB 5.3 5.3.1 Notes about the characteristics Intermodulation suppression V O ( signal ) ( at1kHz ) 2 = --------------------------------------------------------------- ;f s = ( 2 10kHz ) - 19kHz V O ( spurious ) ( at1kHz ) V O ( signal ) ( at1kHz ) 3 = --------------------------------------------------------------- ;f s = ( 3 13kHz ) - 38kHz V O ( spurious ) ( at1kHz ) measured with: 91% pilot signal; fm = 10kHz or 13kHz. 5.3.2 Traffic radio (V.F.) suppression V O ( signal ) ( at1kHz ) 57 ( V.W.F ) = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------V O ( spurious ) ( at1kHz 23kHz ) measured with: 91% stereo signal; 9% pilot signal; fm=1kHz; 5% subcarrier (f=57kHz, fm=23Hz AM, m=60%) 5.3.3 SCA (subsidiary communications authorization) V O ( signal ) ( at1kHz ) 67 = --------------------------------------------------------------- ;f s = ( 2 38kHz ) - 67kHz V O ( spurious ) ( at1kHz ) measured with: 81% mono signal; 9% pilot signal; fm=1kHz; 10%SCA - subcarrier ( fS = 67kHz, unmodulated ). 35/71 Stereo decoder part TDA7402 5.3.4 ACI (adjacent channel interference) V O ( signal ) ( at1kHz ) 114 = --------------------------------------------------------------- ;f s = 110kHz - ( 3 38kHz ) V O ( spurious ) ( at4kHz ) V O ( signal ) ( at1kHz ) 190 = --------------------------------------------------------------- ;f s = 186kHz - ( 5 38kHz ) V O ( spurious ) ( at4kHz ) measured with: 90% mono signal; 9% pilot signal; fm=1kHz; 1% spurious signal ( fS = 110kHz or 186kHz, unmodulated). 5.4 5.4.1 Noise blanker part Features: AM and FM mode internal 2nd order 140kHz high-pass filter for MPX path internal rectifier and filters for AM-IF path programmable trigger thresholds trigger threshold dependent on high frequency noise with programmable gain additional circuits for deviation and fieldstrength dependent trigger adjustment 4 selectable pulse suppression times for each mode programmable noise rectifier charge/discharge current All parameters measured in FM mode if not otherwise specified. Table 8. Symbol Electrical characteristics Parameter Test condition 111 110 101 Min. Typ. 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 260 220 180 140 Max. Unit mVOP mVOP mVOP mVOP mVOP mVOP mVOP mVOP mVOP mVOP mVOP mVOP VTR Trigger threshold (1) meas.with VPEAK=0.9V 100 011 010 001 000 00 VTRNOISE Noise controlled Trigger threshold meas.with VPEAK=1.5V 01 10 11 36/71 TDA7402 Stereo decoder part Table 8. Symbol Electrical characteristics Parameter Test condition VMPX=0mV Min. 0.5 1.5 2 11 10 01 00 11 10 01 00 00 01 10 11 00 01 10 11 00 01 10 11 0 1 00 01 10 11 35 Signal AM-RECTIFIER in Testmode 0.5 0.9 1.7 2.5 0.5 0.9 1.7 2.1 Typ. 0.9 1.7 2.5 0.9(off) 1.2 2.0 2.8 0.9(off) 1.4 1.9 2.4 38 25.5 32 22 1.2 800 1.0 640 0.3 0.8 1.3 2.0 10 20 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 50 6 20 2 Signal AM-RECTIFIER in Testmode 14 56 65 Max. 1.3 2.1 2.9 1.3 1.5 2.3 3.1 1.3 1.5 2.3 3.1 Unit V V V VOP VOP VOP VOP V V V V s s s s ms s s s VRECT Rectifier voltage VMPX=50mV, f=150kHz VMPX=200mV, f=150kHz VRECTDE V Deviation dependent rectifier voltage meas.with VMPX=500mV (75kHz dev.) meas.with VMPX=0mV, VLEVEL<< VSBL (fully mono) VRECTFS Fieldstrength controlled rectifier voltage TSFM Suppression pulse duration FM Signal HOLDN in testmode TSAM Suppression pulse duration AM Signal HOLDN in testmode VRECTAD Noise rectifier discharge adjustment J Noise rectifier (2) charge (2) Signal PEAK in testmode V/ms SRPEAK Signal PEAK in testmode mV/s VADJMP Noise rectifier adjustment through multipath (2) Signal PEAK in testmode V/ms RAMIF AM IF Input resistance kOhm dB dB dB kHz kHz GAMIF,min min. gain AM IF GAMIF,max max. gain AM IF GAMIF,step step gain AM IF fAMIF,min min. fc AM IF fAMIF,max max. fc AM IF 1. All thresholds are measured using a pulse with TR = 2 s, THIGH= 2 s and TF = 10 s. The repetition rate must not increase the PEAK voltage. 2. By design/characterization functionally guaranteed through dedicated test mode structure 37/71 Stereo decoder part Figure 24. Vn timing diagram V in V op TDA7402 DC T im e TR T HIGH T F Figure 25. Trigger threshold vs. VPEAK V TH 260m V (00) 220m V (01) 18 0m V (10) 14 0m V (11) M IN . TR IG . T H R ES H OLD N O ISE C O N T R OLLE D T R IG . TH R ES H O LD 65m V 8 STEPS 30m V 0.9V 1.5V V P EA K [V ] Figure 26. Deviation controlled trigger adjustment VP E A K [V OP ] 00 2 .8 01 2 .0 10 1 .2 0 .9 D etector o ff (11) 20 3 2.5 45 75 D EV IA TIO N [KH z] Figure 27. Field strength controlled trigger adjustment VPEAK MONO STEREO 3V 2.3V (00) 1.8V (01) 1.3V (10) NOISE ATC_SB OFF (11) 0.9V noisy signal good signal E' 38/71 TDA7402 Stereo decoder part 5.5 5.5.1 Multipath detector Features: internal 19kHz band pass filter programmable band pass and rectifier gain selectable internal influence on stereo blend and/or Highcut Electrical characteristics of multipath detector Parameter Center frequency of multipath-bandpass Test Condition Stereo decoder locked on pilot tone G1 G2 GBPMP Bandpass gain G3 G4 G1 16 18 7.6 4.6 0 0.25 0.5 4 dB dB dB dB dB A mA Min. Typ. 19 6 12 Max. Unit kHz dB dB Table 9. Symbol fCMP GRECTM P Rectifier gain G2 G3 ICHMP IDISMP Rectifier charge current Rectifier discharge current Quality detector 00 01 10 11 0.70 0.85 1.00 1.15 A Multipath influence factor 39/71 Functional description of stereo decoder TDA7402 6 Functional description of stereo decoder Figure 28. Block diagram of stereo decoder DEMODULATOR MPX 100K INGAIN 3.5 ... 11dB STEP 2.5dB INFILTER LP 80KHz 4.th ORDER - PLOT CANC - ROLL-OFF COMP. - LP 25KHz DEEMPHASIS + HIGHCUT t=50.62..5.75,100s (37.5,47,56,75s) FM_L FM_R AM 100K PLL + PILOT-DET. F19 F38 STEREO MPSBINFL SB CONTROL 5 bits HC CONTROL D A REF 5V VSBL VHCCH VHCCL NOISE BLANKER HOLDN AM-IF NOISE MPHCINFL MULTIPATH DET. MPHCOUT MPSBOUT LEVELSB-LP LEVEL INPUT GAIN 0..6dB LEVEL - LEVELHC-LP QUALITY DETECTOR + D00AU1135 QUAL MP-IN MP-OUT The stereo decoder-part of the A619 (see Figure 28) contains all functions necessary to demodulate the MPX-signal like pilot tone dependent Mono/Stereo switching as well as "stereo blend" and "highcut". Adaptations like programmable input gain, roll off compensation, selectable de-emphasis time constant and a programmable fieldstrength input allow to use different IF devices. 6.1 Stereo decoder mute The A619 has a fast and easy to control RDS mute function which is a combination of the audioprocessor's SoftMute and the high ohmic mute of the stereo decoder. If the stereo decoder is selected and a SoftMute command is sent (or activated through the SM-pin) the stereo decoder will be set automatically to the high-ohmic mute condition after the audiosignal has been softmuted. Hence a checking of alternate frequencies could be performed. Additionally the PLL can be set to "Hold" mode, which disables the PLL input during the mute time. To release the system from the mute condition simply the unmute command must be sent: the stereo decoder is unmuted immediately and the audioprocessor is softly unmuted. Fig. 26 shows the output-signal VO as well as the internal stereo decoder mute signal. This influence of SoftMute on the stereo decoder mute can be switched off by setting bit 3 of the SoftMute byte to "0". A stereo decoder mute command (bit 0, stereo decoder byte set to "1") will also set the stereo decoder independently to the high-ohmic mute state. If any other source than the stereo decoder is selected the decoder remains muted and the MPX pin is connected to Vref to avoid any discharge of the coupling capacitor through leakage currents. No further mute command should be applied. 40/71 TDA7402 Functional description of stereo decoder Figure 29. Signals during stereo decoder's SoftMute Figure 30. Signal control via SoftMute pin PLL-HOLD INFLUENCE SOFTMUTE INFLUENCE STDHMUTE INFLUENCE STDHMUTE SOFTMUTE INFLUENCE SOFTMUTE PIN IIC-BUS SOFTMUTE MP-HOLD PLL-HOLD MUTED D00AU1165 6.2 InGain + infilter The InGain stage allows adjustment of the MPX-signal to a magnitude of about 1Vrms internally, which is the recommended value. The 4th order input filter has a corner frequency of 80kHz and is used to attenuate spikes and noise, and acts as an anti-aliasing filter for the following switch capacitor filters. 6.3 Demodulator In the demodulator block, the left and the right channels are separated from the MPX signal. In this stage the 19kHz pilot tone is cancelled. To reach a high channel separation the A619 offers an I2C bus programmable roll-off adjustment which is able to compensate for the lowpass behavior of the tuner section. If the tuner's attenuation at 38kHz is in a range from 7.2% to 31.0%, the A619 needs no external network in front of the MPX-pin. Within this range, an adjustment to obtain at least 40dB channel separation is possible. The bits for this adjustment are located together with the fieldstrength adjustment in one byte. This gives the possibility to perform an optimization step during the production of the car radio, where the 41/71 Functional description of stereo decoder TDA7402 channel separation and the fieldstrength control are trimmed. The setup of the stereo blend characteristics which is programmable in a wide range is described in Chapter 6.8. 6.4 De-emphasis and highcut The de-emphasis lowpass allows to choose a time constant between 37.5 and 100s. The highcut control range will be 2 x Deemp or 2.7 x Deemp dependent on the selected time constant (see programming section). The bit D7 of the hightcut-byte will shift timeconstant and range. Inside the highcut control range (between VHCH and VHCL) the LEVEL signal is converted into a 5 bit word which controls the lowpass time constant between Deemp...3 (3.7) x Deemp. Thereby the resolution will remain always 5 bits independently of the absolute voltage range between the VHCH and VHCL values. In addition the maximum attenuation can be fixed between 2 and 10dB. The highcut function can be switched off by I2C bus (bit D7, Highcut byte set to "0"). The setup of the highcut characteristics is described in Chapter 6.9. 6.5 PLL and pilot tone detector The PLL has the task to lock on the 19kHz pilot tone during a stereo transmission to allow a correct demodulation. The included pilot tone-detector enables the demodulation if the pilot tone reaches the selected pilot tone threshold VPTHST. Two different thresholds are available. The detector output (signal STEREO, see the Block diagram) can be checked by reading the status byte of the A619 via I2C-bus. During a Softmute the PLL can be set into "Hold"-mode which freezes the PLL's state (bit D4, Softmute byte). After releasing the Softmute the PLL will again follow the input signal only by correcting the phase error. 6.6 Field strength control The fieldstrength input is used to control the highcut and the stereo blend function. In addition the signal can be also used to control the noiseblanker thresholds and as input for the multipath detector. These additional functions are described in sections 6.3 and 7. 6.7 EVEL input and gain To suppress undesired high frequency modulation on the highcut- and stereo blend-control signal the LEVEL signal is lowpass filtered firstly. The filter is a combination of a 1st order RC lowpass at 53kHz (working as anti-aliasing filter) and a 1st-order switched capacitor lowpass at 2.2kHz. The second stage is a programmable gain stage to adapt the LEVEL signal internally to different IF devices (see Testmode section 5: LEVELHCC). The gain is widely programmable in 16 steps from 0dB to 6dB (step=0.4dB). These 4 bits are located together with the Roll-Off bits in the "Stereo decoder adjustment" byte to simplify a possible adjustment during the production of the car radio. This signal controls directly the Highcut stage whereas the signal is filtered again (fc=100Hz) before the stereo blend stage (see Figure 35). 42/71 TDA7402 Functional description of stereo decoder 6.8 Stereo blend control The stereo blend control block converts the internal LEVEL voltage (LEVELSB) into an demodulator compatible analog signal which is used to control the channel separation between 0dB and the maximum separation. Internally this control range has a fixed upper limit which is the internal reference voltage REF5V. The lower limit can be programmed between 20 and 70% of REF5V in 3.3% steps (see Figure 31 and 32). To adjust the external LEVEL voltage to the internal range two values must be defined: the LEVEL gain LG and VSBL (see Figure 32). At the point of full channel separation the external level signal has to be amplified that internally it becomes equal to REF5V. The second point (e.g. 10dB channel sep.) is then adjusted with the VSBL voltage. Figure 31. Internal stereo blend characteristics The gain can be programmed through 4 bits in the "Stereo decoder adjustment" byte. All necessary internal reference voltages like REF5V are derived from a bandgap circuit. Therefore they have a temperature co-efficient near zero. Figure 32. Relation between internal and external LEVEL voltages for setup of stereo blend INTERNAL VOLTAGES REF 5V SETUP OF VST LEVEL INTERN REF 5V INTERNAL VOLTAGES SETUP OF VMO LEVEL INTERN LEVEL VSBL VSBL 70% 20% VMO VST t FIELDSTRENGHT VOLTAGE D00AU1168 VMO VST t FIELDSTRENGHT VOLTAGE 6.9 Highcut control The highcut control set-up is similar to the stereo blend control set up : the starting point VHCH can be set with 2 bits to be 42, 50, 58 or 66% of REF5V whereas the range can be set to be 17, 22, 28 or 33% of VHCH (see Figure 33). 43/71 Functional description of stereo decoder Figure 33. Highcut characteristics LOWPASS TIME CONSTANT TDA7402 3.7*'Deemp 3*Deemp DEEMPHASIS SHIFT ON OFF Deemp 'Deemp VHCL D00AU1169 VHCH FIELDSTRENGHT 44/71 TDA7402 Functional description of the noise blanker 7 Functional description of the noise blanker In the automotive environment the MPX-signal as well as the AM signal is disturbed by spikes produced by the ignition and other radiating sources like the wiper motor. The aim of the noiseblanker part is to cancel the audible influence of the spikes. Therefore the output of the stereo decoder is held at the actual voltage for a time between 22 and 38s in FM (370 and 645s in AM mode). The block diagram of the noise blanker is given in Figure 34. Figure 34. Block diagram of the noise blanker AM/FM RECTIFIER + 14-56KHz LPF (1st. order) 140KHz HPF (1st. order) AMIF RECTIFIER RECT + VTH MONOFLOP FM: 22 to 40s AM: 370 to 6400s HOLDN MPX 140KHz HPF (2nd. order) INTEGRATOR + PEAK + THRESHOLD GENERATOR MPOUT DISCHARGE CONTROL D00AU1132 ADDITIONAL THRESHOLD CONTROL In a first stage the spikes must be detected but to avoid a wrong triggering on high frequency (white) noise a complex trigger control is implemented. Behind the trigger stage a pulse former generates the "blanking"pulse. 7.1 Trigger path FM The incoming MPX signal is highpass-filtered, amplified and rectified. This second order highpass filter has a corner-frequency of 140kHz. The rectified signal, RECT, is integrated (lowpass filtered) to generate a signal called PEAK. The DC-charge/discharge behaviour can be adjusted as well as the transient behaviour (MP discharge control). Also noise with a frequency 140kHz increases the PEAK voltage. The PEAK voltage is fed to a threshold generator, which adds to the PEAK voltage a DC dependent threshold VTH. Both signals, RECT and PEAK+VTH are fed to a comparator which triggers a re-triggerable monoflop. The monoflop's output activates the sample and hold circuits in the signalpath for the selected duration. 7.2 Noise controlled threshold adjustment (NCT) There are mainly two independent possibilities for programming the trigger threshold: 1. 2. the low threshold in 8 steps (bits D1 to D3 of the noiseblanker byte I) and the noise adjusted threshold in 4 steps (bits D4 and D5 of the noiseblanker byte I, see Figure 21). The low threshold is activ in combination with a good MPX signal without noise; the PEAK voltage is less than 1V. The sensitivity in this operation is high. If the MPX signal is noisy (low fieldstrength) the PEAK voltage increases due to the higher noise, which is also rectified. With increasing of the PEAK voltage the trigger threshold increases, too. This gain is programmable in 4 steps (see Figure 25). 45/71 Functional description of the noise blanker TDA7402 7.3 7.3.1 Additional threshold control mechanism Automatic threshold control by the stereo blend voltage Besides the noise controlled threshold adjustment there is an additional possibility for influencing the trigger threshold which depends on the stereo blend control. The point where the MPX signal starts to become noisy is fixed by the RF part. Therefore also the starting point of the normal noise-controlled trigger adjustment is fixed (Figure 27). In some cases the behavior of the noiseblanker can be improved by increasing the threshold even in a region of higher fieldstrength. Sometimes a wrong triggering occurs for the MPX signal often shows distortion in this range which can be avoided even if using a low threshold. Because of the overlap of this range and the range of the stereo/mono transition it can be controlled by stereo blend. This increase of the threshold is programmable in 3 steps or switched off. 7.3.2 Over deviation detector If the system is tuned to stations with a high deviation the noiseblanker can trigger on the higher frequencies of the modulation or distortion. To avoid this behavior, which causes audible noise in the output signal, the noiseblanker offers a deviation-dependent threshold adjustment. By rectifying the MPX signal a further signal representing the actual deviation is obtained. It is used to increase the PEAK voltage. Offset and gain of this circuit are programmable in 3 steps with the bits D6 and D7 of the noiseblanker byte I (bit combination '00' turns off the detector, see Figure 26). 7.3.3 Multipath level To react on high repetitive spikes caused by a multipath-situation, the discharge time of the PEAK voltage can be decreased depending on the voltage-level at pin MPout. The A619 offers a linear as well as a threshold driven control. The linear influence of the multipath level on the PEAK-signal (D7 of multipath control byte) gives a discharge slewrate of 1V/ms(1) . The second possibility is to activate the threshold driven discharge which switches on the 18kOhm discharge if the multipath level is below 2.5V (D7 of noiseblanker byte II byte). (1) The slewrate is measured with RDischarge=infinite and VMPout=2.5V 7.3.4 AM mode of the noiseblanker The A619 noiseblanker is also suitable for AM noise cancelling. The detector uses in AM mode the 450kHz unfiltered IF output of the tuner for spike detection. A combination of programmable gain stage and lowpass filter forms an envelope detector which drives the noiseblanker's input via a 120kHz 1st order highpass. In order to blank the whole spike in AM mode the hold-times of the sample and hold circuit are much longer then in FM (640s to 1.2ms). All threshold controls can be used like in FM mode. 46/71 TDA7402 Functional description of the multipath detector 8 Functional description of the multipath detector Using the multipath detector the audible effects of a multipath condition can be minimized. A multipath condition is detected by rectifying the spectrum around 19kHz in the fieldstrength signal. An external capacitor is used to define the attack and decay times for the stereo blend (see block diagram, Figure 34). Due to the very small charge currents this capacitor should be a low leakage current type (e.g ceramic). Using this configuration an adaptation to the user's requirement is possible without effecting the "normal" fieldstrength input (level) for the stereo decoder. This application is given in Figure 34. Another (internal) time constant is used to control the Highcut through the multipath detector Selecting the "internal influence" in the configuration byte the stereo-blend and/or the highcut is automatically invoked during a multipath condition according to the voltage appearing at the MP_OUT pin. Figure 35. Block diagram of the multipath detector VDD = High-Cut-Infl. Attach<500s Decay=2/10ms INT. INFLUENCE LOWPASS 100Hz LOWPASS 53KHz LOWPASS 2.2KHz VDD = SHIFT 0 ... 1.5V CHARGE 0.25A/0.5A VDD = 300A Stereoblend-Infl. FAST CHARGE Attach=1ms Decay=4/8s INT. INFLUENCE to SB to HCC LEVEL MP HOLD MP_OUT MP_IN BANDPASS 19KHz RECTIFIER 470nF GAIN 2 bits GAIN 2 bits D00AU1166 8.1 Quality detector The A619 offers a quality detector output which gives a voltage representing the FM reception conditions. To calculate this voltage the MPX-noise and the multipath-detector output are summed according to the following formula : VQual = 1.6 (VNoise-0.8 V)+ a (REF5V-VMpout). The noise-signal is the PEAK signal without additional influences (see the noiseblanker description). The factor 'a' can by programmed to 0.7 .... 1.15. The output is a low impedance output able to drive external circuitry as well as simply fed to an AD converter for RDS applications. 47/71 Functional description of the multipath detector TDA7402 8.2 Testmode During the testmode, which can be activated by setting bit D0 and bit D1 of the stereo decoder testing byte, several internal signals are available at the FD2R+ pin. During this mode the input resistance of 100kOhm is disconnected from the pin. The internal signals available are shown in the Data byte specification. 8.3 8.3.1 Dual MPX usage Feature description The A619 is able to support a twin tuner concept via the Dual MPX Mode. In this configuration the MPX pin and the MD2G pin are acting as MPX1 and MPX2 inputs. The DC voltage at the MD2 pin controls whether one or both MPX signals are used to decode the stereo FM signal. It is designed as a window comparator with the characteristic shown in Figure 3 (Please note that the thresholds have a hysteresis of 500mV). In this mode the stereo decoder high ohmic-mute mutes both inputs in parallel. Figure 36. Dual MPX input diagram MPX/ MPX1 100K 1 40K INGAIN 3.5...11dB step 2.5dB 40K MD2G/ MPX2 100K MD2/ CONTROL CONTROL CIRCUITRY 1 1 D00AU1167 8.3.2 Configuration The Dual MPX mode can be easily configured by setting bit 3 of subaddress 30 to LOW (see Byte 30 description and application diagram of Figure 38). 48/71 TDA7402 I2C bus interface 9 9.1 I2C bus interface Interface protocol The interface protocol comprises: a start condition (S) a chip address byte (the LSB bit determines read / write transmission) a subaddress byte a sequence of data (N-bytes + acknowledge) a stop condition (P) CHIP ADDRESS SUBADDRESS DATA 1....DATA n MSB S 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 LSB R/W ACK MSB C AZ I A A A LSB A A ACK MSB DATA LSB ACK P S = Start R/W = "0" -> Receive-Mode (Chip could be programmed by P) "1" -> Transmission-Mode (Data could be received by P) ACK = Acknowledge P = Stop Max clock speed 500kbits/s 9.2 Auto increment If bit I in the subaddress byte is set to "1", the autoincrement of the subaddress is enabled. 9.3 Transmitted data (send mode) Table 10. MSB X X X X X P ST Transmitted data (send mode) LSB SM SM = Soft mute activated ST = Stereo P = Pause X = Not Used The transmitted data is automatically updated after each ACK. Transmission can be repeated without new chipaddress. A Power-On-Reset is invoked if the Supply voltage is below than 3.5V. After that the following data is written automatically into the registers of all subaddresses : Table 11. MSB 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Reset condition LSB 0 The programming after POR is marked bold-face / underlined in the programming tables. With this programming all the outputs are muted to VREF (VOUT= VDD/2). 49/71 I2C bus interface TDA7402 9.4 Subaddress (receive mode) Table 12. MSB I2 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 I1 I0 A4 A3 A2 A1 Subaddress (receive mode) LSB Function A0 Compander hold off on AutoZero remain off on Auto Increment Mode off on Subaddress Main Source Selector Main Loudness Volume Treble Bass Mixing Programming SoftMute Voice-Band Second Source Selector Second Source Loudness Subwoofer Config. / Bass Compander Configuration Audioprocessor I Configuration Audioprocessor II Subwoofer attenuator L Subwoofer attenuator R Speaker attenuator LF Speaker attenuator RF Speaker attenuator LR Speaker attenuator RR Mixing Level Control Testing Audioprocessor stereo decoder Noise-Blanker I Noise-Blanker II AM / AM-Noiseblanker High-Cut Control Fieldstr. & Quality Multipath-Detector stereo decoder Adjustment Configuration stereo decoder Testing Sterodecoder 50/71 TDA7402 I2C bus interface 9.5 Data byte specification The status after power on reset is marked bold face / underlined in the programming tables. Table 13. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 : 1 1 0 1 0 0 : 1 1 0 0 : 1 1 0 1 : 0 1 D1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 Main selector (0) LSB Function D0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Source selector FD1 / SE2 SE3 FD2 SE1 MD2 MD1 / SE4 stereo decoder AM Input gain 0dB 1dB : 14dB 15dB Mute off on Table 14. MSB D7 D6 Main loudness (1) LSB Function D5 D4 0 0 : 0 0 : 1 : D3 0 0 : 1 1 : 0 : D2 0 0 : 1 1 : 0 : D1 0 0 : 1 1 : 1 : D0 0 1 : 0 1 : 1 : Attenuation 0 dB -1 dB : -14 dB -15 dB : -19 dB not allowed Center frequency 200Hz 400Hz 600Hz 800Hz Loudness order First order Second order 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 51/71 I2C bus interface Table 15. MSB D7 0 0 : 0 0 0 : 0 0 0 : 1 1 D6 0 0 : 0 0 0 : 0 1 1 : 1 1 D5 0 0 : 0 0 0 : 1 0 0 : 0 0 D4 0 0 : 1 1 1 : 1 0 0 : 1 1 D3 0 0 : 1 1 1 : 1 0 0 : 1 1 D2 0 0 : 0 0 0 : 1 0 0 : 1 1 D1 0 0 : 0 0 1 : 1 0 0 : 1 1 TDA7402 Volume (2) LSB Attenuation D0 0 1 : 0 1 0 : 1 0 1 : 0 1 Gain/attenuation (+32.0dB) (+31.5dB) : +20 .0dB +19.5dB +19.0dB : +0.5dB 0.0dB -0.5dB : -79.0dB -79.5dB Note: It is not recommended to use a gain more than 20dB for system performance reason. In general, the maximum gain should be limited by software to the maximum value, which is needed for the system. Table 16. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 0 0 : 0 0 1 1 : 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D3 0 0 : 1 1 1 1 : 0 0 D2 0 0 : 1 1 1 1 : 0 0 D1 0 0 : 1 1 1 1 : 0 0 Treble filter (3) LSB Function D0 0 1 : 0 1 1 0 : 1 0 Treble steps -15dB -14dB : -1 dB 0 dB 0 dB +1 dB : +14 dB +15dB Treble center frequency 10.0 kHz 12.5 kHz 15.0 kHz 17.5 kHz Subwoofer + center speaker mode On Off 52/71 TDA7402 Table 17. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 0 0 : 0 0 1 1 : 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D3 0 0 : 1 1 1 1 : 0 0 D2 0 0 : 1 1 1 1 : 0 0 D1 0 0 : 1 1 1 1 : 0 0 I2C bus interface Bass filter (4) LSB Function D0 0 1 : 0 1 1 0 : 1 0 Bass steps -15dB -14dB : -1 dB 0 dB 0 dB +1 dB : +14 dB +15dB Bass Q-factor 1.0 1.25 1.5 2.0 Bass DC-mode Off On Table 18. MSB D7 D6 Mixing programming (5) LSB D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Function Mixing Mute enable Mixing source Beep MD1 MD2 FM mono Mixing target Speaker LF off Speaker LF on Speaker RF off Speaker RF on Speaker LR off Speaker LR on Speaker RR off Speaker RR on Stereo subw. using internal highpass filter On Off 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 53/71 I2C bus interface Table 19. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 TDA7402 Soft mute (6) LSB Function D0 SoftMute On (Mute) Off Mutetime = 0.48ms Mutetime = 0.96ms Mutetime = 123ms Mutetime = 324 ms Influence on stereo decoder highohmic mute on off Influence on pilot detector hold and MP hold on off Influence on SoftMute on off Beep frequencies 600 Hz 780 Hz 1.56 kHz 2.4 kHz 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Table 20. MSB D7 D6 Voiceband (7) LSB Function D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 1 0 1 0 1 Voice band low pass enable Filter off Filter on Voice band low pass frequency 3 kHz 6 kHz Voice band high pass enable Filter off Filter on 54/71 TDA7402 Table 20. MSB D7 D6 D5 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 D4 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 D3 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D2 D1 I2C bus interface Voiceband (7) (continued) LSB Function D0 High pass cut off frequency 90Hz 135Hz 180Hz 215Hz 300Hz 450Hz 600Hz 750Hz Anti clipping enable on off Anti clipping input MP-In AM Table 21. MSB D7 D6 Second source selector (8) LSB Function D5 D4 D3 D2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 D1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 D0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Source selector FD1 / SE2 SE3 FD2 SE1 MD2 MD1 / SE4 stereo decoder AM Input gain 0dB 1dB : 14dB 15dB Mute off on 0 0 : 1 1 0 1 0 0 : 1 1 0 0 : 1 1 0 1 : 0 1 55/71 I2C bus interface Table 22. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 0 0 : 0 0 : 1 : 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D3 0 0 : 1 1 : 0 : D2 0 0 : 1 1 : 0 : D1 0 0 : 1 1 : 1 : TDA7402 Second loudness (9) LSB Function D0 0 1 : 0 1 : 1 : Attenuation 0 dB -1 dB : -14 dB -15 dB : -19 dB not allowed Center frequency 200Hz 400Hz 600Hz 800Hz Loudness order First order Second order Table 23. MSB D7 D6 Subwoofer Configuration / Bass (10) LSB Function D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D0 0 1 0 1 Subwoofer filter off 80Hz 120Hz 160Hz Subwoofer outputs differential (mono) single ended (stereo) Subwoofer source Second source Main source Subwoofer phase 180 0 Bass center frequency 60Hz 80Hz 70Hz 90Hz 100Hz 130Hz 150Hz 200Hz 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 56/71 TDA7402 Table 24. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 I2C bus interface Compander (11) LSB Function D0 0 1 0 1 Activity / reference level off 0.5VRMS 1VRMS 2VRMS Attack-times 6ms 12ms 24ms 49ms Release-times 390ms 780ms 1.17s 1.56s SoftStep-time1) 160s 320s 640s 1.28ms 2.56ms 5.12ms 10.2ms 20.4ms Compander max. gain 29dB 19dB 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Note: The SoftStep times are only programmable while the compander is not in use. Table 25. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 Configuration audioprocessor I (12) LSB Function D0 0 1 0 1 Compander source Main selector Second source selector SoftStep off on 57/71 I2C bus interface Table 25. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D1 TDA7402 Configuration audioprocessor I (12) (continued) LSB Function D0 Main loudness flat Filter ON Second loudness flat Filter ON Front speaker not allowed Second source internal coupled Main source AC coupled Main source internal coupled Rear speaker not allowed Second source internal coupled Main source AC coupled Main source internal coupled Table 26. MSB D7 D6 Configuration audioprocessor II (13) LSB Function D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Pause detector off on Pause ZC window 160mV 80mV 40mV not allowed FD1 mode single ended differential FD1 attenuation -12dB -6dB -6dB 0dB 58/71 TDA7402 Table 26. MSB D7 D6 0 1 0 1 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 I2C bus interface Configuration audioprocessor II (13) (continued) LSB Function D0 FD2 attenuation -6dB 0dB MD1 mode single ended differential Table 27. MSB D7 1 : 1 1 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 x D6 0 : 0 0 0 0 : 0 0 : 1 1 1 Speaker, subwoofer and mixer level-control (14-20) LSB Function D5 0 : 0 0 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 1 D4 0 : 0 0 0 0 : 0 1 : 0 0 x D3 1 : 0 0 0 0 : 1 0 : 1 1 x D2 1 : 0 0 0 0 : 1 0 : 1 1 x D1 1 : 0 0 0 0 : 1 0 : 1 1 x D0 1 : 1 0 0 1 : 1 0 : 0 1 x +15 dB : +1 dB 0 dB 0 dB -1 dB : -15 dB -16 dB : -78 dB -79 dB Mute The programming of all speaker, subwoofer and mixing level controls are the same. 59/71 I2C bus interface Table 28. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 TDA7402 Testing Audioprocessor (21) LSB Function D0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Audioprocessor testmode off on Test-multiplexer Compander log amp. output Compander low pass output Compander DAC output 200kHz oscillator not allowed not allowed NB-hold internal reference Compander testmode off on Clock external internal AZ function off on SC-clock Fast mode Normal mode 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Note: This byte is used for testing or evaluation purposes only and must not set to other values than "11101110" in the application! Table 29. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 Stereo decoder (22) LSB Function D0 0 1 STD unmuted STD muted IN-gain 11 dB IN-gain 8.5 dB IN-gain 6 dB IN-gain 3.5 dB Input AM pin Input MPX pin 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 60/71 TDA7402 Table 29. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 D3 D2 D1 I2C bus interface Stereo decoder (22) (continued) LSB Function D0 Forced MONO MONO/STEREO switch automatically Pilot threshold HIGH Pilot threshold LOW De-emphasis 50s (37.5s1) De-emphasis 62.5s (46.9s1) De-emphasis 75s (56.3s1) De-emphasis 100s (75s1) Note: If De-emphasis-Shift enabled (Subaddr.26/Bit7 = 0) Table 30. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 Noise blanker I (23) LSB Function D0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Noise blanker off Noise blanker on Low threshold 65mV Low threshold 60mV Low threshold 55mV Low threshold 50mV Low threshold 45mV Low threshold 40mV Low threshold 35mV Low threshold 30mV Noise controlled threshold 320mV Noise controlled threshold 260mV Noise controlled threshold 200mV Noise controlled threshold 140mV Overdeviation adjust 2.8V Overdeviation adjust 2.0V Overdeviation adjust 1.2V Overdeviation detector OFF 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 61/71 I2C bus interface Table 31. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 TDA7402 Noiseblanker II (24) LSB Function D0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 PEAK charge current low high Fieldstrength adjust 2.3V 1.8V 1.3V OFF Blank Time FM / AM 38s / 1.2ms 25.5s / 800s 32s / 1.0s 22s / 640s Noise rectifier discharge resistor R = infinite RDC = 56k RDC = 33k RDC = 18k Strong multipath influence on PEAK 18k off on (18k discharge if VMPout< 2.5V) 0 1 Table 32. MSB D7 D6 AM / FM noiseblanker (25) LSB Function D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Stereo decoder mode FM AM AM rectifier gain 6dB 8dB 10dB 12dB 14dB 16dB 18dB 20dB 62/71 TDA7402 Table 32. MSB D7 D6 D5 0 0 1 1 1 1 D4 0 1 0 1 D3 D2 D1 I2C bus interface AM / FM noiseblanker (25) (continued) LSB Function D0 Rectifier cut off frequency 14.0kHz 18.5kHz 28.0kHz 56.0kHz must be "1" Table 33. MSB D7 D6 High cut (26) LSB Function D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 High cut off on max. high cut 2dB 5dB 7dB 10dB VHCH to be at 42% REF5V 50% REF5V 58% REF5V 66% REF5V VHCL to be at 16.7% VHCH 22.2% VHCH 27.8% VHCH 33.3% VHCH De-emphasis shift On Off 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 63/71 I2C bus interface Table 34. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 D1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 TDA7402 Fieldstrength control (27) LSB Function D0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 VSBL to be at 20.0% REF5V 23.3% REF5V 26.6% REF5V 30.0% REF5V 33.3% REF5V 36.6% REF5V 40.0% REF5V 43.3% REF5V 46.6% REF5V 50.0% REF5V 53.3% REF5V 56.6% REF5V 60.0% REF5V 63.3% REF5V 66.6% REF5V 70.0% REF5V Quality detector co-efficient a=0.7 a=0.85 a=1.0 a=1.15 HCC level shift (only level through MPD) 0.0V 500mV 1.0 V 1.5 V Table 35. MSB D7 D6 Multipath detector (28) LSB Function D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Fast Load on off Bandpass Gain 6dB 12dB 16dB 18dB 64/71 TDA7402 Table 35. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D3 0 1 0 1 D2 D1 I2C bus interface Multipath detector (28) (continued) LSB Function D0 Rectifier gain Gain = 7.6dB Gain = 4.6dB Gain = 0dB disabled Charge current at MP out 0.25A 0.50A Multipath on high cut decay time 2ms 10ms Multipath influence on PEAK discharge off -1V/ms Table 36. MSB D7 0 0 0 : 0 : 0 1 1 1 : 1 : 1 0 0 0 : 1 D6 Stereo decoder adjustment (29) LSB Function D5 D4 D3 D2 0 0 0 : 1 : 1 0 0 0 : 1 : 1 0 0 0 : 1 0 0 1 : 1 0 1 0 : 1 D1 0 0 1 : 0 : 1 0 0 1 : 0 : 1 D0 0 1 0 : 0 : 1 0 1 0 : 0 : 1 Roll off compensation not allowed 7.2% 9.4% : 13.7% : 20.2% not allowed 19.6% 21.5% : 25.3% : 31.0% LEVEL gain 0dB 0.4dB 0.8dB : 6dB 65/71 I2C bus interface Table 37. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 TDA7402 Stereo decoder configuration (30) LSB Function D0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 x 1 x Multipath influence on high cut On Off Multipath influence on stereo blend On Off Level input over multipath detector1 On Off Dual MPX mode On Off must be "1" 1 1 1 1 1 Note: Using the multipath time-constants for stereo bland and high cut Table 38. MSB D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 Testing stereo decoder (31) LS B D0 0 1 0 1 Main testmode off on stereo decoder testmode off on Function 66/71 TDA7402 Table 38. MSB D7 D6 D5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 D4 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 D3 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 D2 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 D1 I2C bus interface Testing stereo decoder (31) (continued) LS B D0 Test signals F228 NB threshold Level for stereo blend Pilot magnitude VHCCL Pilot threshold VHCCH REF5V HOLDN NB peak AM rectifier VCOCON; VCO control voltage VSBL Pilot threshold Level for high cut REF5V Audioprocessor oscillator Off On must be "1" Function Note: This byte is used for testing or evaluation purposes only and must not set to other values than "11111100" in the application! 67/71 Application information TDA7402 10 Application information Figure 37. Application diagram (standard configuration) OUTLF OUTLR OUTRF OUTRR OUTSWL OUTSWR OUTSSL 220nF SEL 220nF SER 220nF FD1L+ 220nF FD1L220nF FD1R+ 220nF FD1R220nF FD2L+ 220nF FD2L220nF FD2R+ 220nF FD2R220nF AM 220nF MPX1 470nF OUTLF SEL 1 30 OUTLR 29 OUTRF 28 OUTRR 27 OUTSWL 26 OUTSWR 25 OUTSSL 24 23 44 OUTSSR MD2G 220nF OUTSSR MD2G 220nF MD2 220nF MD1G 220nF MD1 47nF MUX PAUSE SER 2 FD1L+ 3 43 MD2 FD1L- 4 42 MD1G FD1R+ 5 41 MD1 FD1R- 6 40 MUX FD2L+ 7 39 38 37 CREF ACOUTL ACOUTR 220nF 10F FD2L- 8 ACOUTL ACOUTR FD2R+ 9 36 10 35 11 34 13 33 32 16 12 AMIF LEVEL 14 MPIN 15 QUAL 17 SM 18 GND 19 SDA 20 SCL 21 VDD + VB1 = -9 AMIF LEVEL MPIN QUAL SMUTE SDA SCL 22 31 SWINR FD2R- SWINL 220nF AM ACINLF ACINLR ACINRF ACINRR 470nF 470nF MPX MPOUT 220nF 100nF D00AU1161 Figure 38. Application diagram (Dual MPX mode) OUTLF OUTRF OUTLR OUTRR OUTSWL OUTSWR OUTSSL 100nF SEL 100nF SER 220nF FD1L+ 220nF FD1L220nF FD1R+ 220nF FD1R220nF FD2L+ 220nF FD2L220nF FD2R+ 220nF FD2R100nF AM 100nF MPX1 470nF OUTLF SEL 1 30 OUTLR 29 OUTRF 28 OUTRR 27 OUTSWL 26 OUTSWR 25 OUTSSL 24 23 44 43 42 OUTSSR MD2G MD2 MD1G 220nF 100nF OUTSSR MPX2 VPX CONTROL MD1G SER 2 FD1L+ 3 FD1L- 4 41 5 40 MD1 220nF MD1 47nF MUX PAUSE FD1R+ FD1R- MUX 6 FD2L+ 7 39 CREF 10F FD2L- 8 38 37 ACOUTL ACOUTR 220nF ACOUTL ACOUTR FD2R+ 9 36 10 35 11 34 13 33 32 16 12 AMIF LEVEL 14 MPIN 15 QUAL 17 SM 18 GND 19 SDA 20 SCL 21 VDD + VB1 = -9 AMIF LEVEL MPIN QUAL SMUTE SDA SCL 22 31 SWINR FD2R- SWINL 220nF AM ACINLF ACINLR ACINRF ACINRR 470nF 470nF MPX MPOUT 100nF D00AU1158 68/71 TDA7402 Package information 11 Package information In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK(R) packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. Figure 39. LQFP44 (10x10) Mechanical data and package dimensions DIM. A A1 A2 b c D D1 D2 D3 E E1 E2 E3 e L L1 K ccc 0.45 11.80 9.80 2.00 8.00 0.80 0.60 1.00 0.75 0.0177 0.0394 3.5(min.),7(max.) 0.10 0.0039 0.05 1.35 0.30 0.09 11.80 9.80 2.00 8.00 12.00 10.00 12.00 10.00 1.40 0.37 mm MIN. TYP. MAX. 1.60 0.15 0.0020 MIN. inch TYP. MAX. 0.0630 0.0059 OUTLINE AND MECHANICAL DATA 1.45 0.0531 0.0551 0.0571 0.45 0.0118 0.0146 0.0177 0.20 0.0035 0.0079 12.20 0.4646 0.4724 0.4803 10.20 0.3858 0.3937 0.4016 0.0787 0.3150 12.20 0.4646 0.4724 0.4803 10.20 0.3858 0.3937 0.4016 0.0787 0.3150 0.0315 0.0295 Note: 1. The size of exposed pad is variable depending of leadframe design pad size. End user should verify "D2" and "E2" dimensions for each device application. LQFP44 (10 x 10 x 1.40mm) Exposed Pad Down 7278839 C 69/71 Revision history TDA7402 12 Revision history Table 39. Date 26-Apr-02 21-Jun-04 26-Apr-04 26-Apr-06 23-Mar-07 Document revision history Revision 1 2 3 4 5 Initial release Technical migration from ST-PRESS to EDOCS Revalidation Repair document of typographical errors Package change, layout change, text modifications. Changes 70/71 TDA7402 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries ("ST") reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST's terms and conditions of sale. Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. If any part of this document refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by ST for the use of such third party products or services, or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoever of such third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein. UNLESS OTHERWISE SET FORTH IN ST'S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE ST DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO THE USE AND/OR SALE OF ST PRODUCTS INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION), OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. UNLESS EXPRESSLY APPROVED IN WRITING BY AN AUTHORIZED ST REPRESENTATIVE, ST PRODUCTS ARE NOT RECOMMENDED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED FOR USE IN MILITARY, AIR CRAFT, SPACE, LIFE SAVING, OR LIFE SUSTAINING APPLICATIONS, NOR IN PRODUCTS OR SYSTEMS WHERE FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION MAY RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY, DEATH, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE. ST PRODUCTS WHICH ARE NOT SPECIFIED AS "AUTOMOTIVE GRADE" MAY ONLY BE USED IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS AT USER'S OWN RISK. Resale of ST products with provisions different from the statements and/or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately void any warranty granted by ST for the ST product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoever, any liability of ST. ST and the ST logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of ST in various countries. Information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners. (c) 2007 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com 71/71 |
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