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| TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 D D D D D D Low-Voltage Operation . . . Down to 1.24 V 1% Reference-Voltage Tolerance (TLV431A) Adjustable Output Voltage, VO = Vref to 6 V Low Operational Cathode Current . . . 80 A Typ 0.25- Typical Output Impedance Package Options Include Plastic Small-Outline (D), Small-Outline Transistor (DBV), and Cylindrical (LP) Packages D PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) CATHODE ANODE ANODE NC 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 REF ANODE ANODE NC NC - No internal connection description The TLV431 and TLV431A are low-voltage three-terminal adjustable voltage references with specified thermal stability over applicable industrial and commercial temperature ranges. Output voltage can be set to any value between Vref (1.24 V) and 6 V with two external resistors (see Figure 2). The TLV431 and TLV431A operate from a lower voltage (1.24 V) than the widely used TL431 and TL1431 shunt-regulator references. When used with an optocoupler, the TLV431 and TLV431A are ideal voltage references in isolated feedback circuits for 3-V to 3.3-V switching-mode power supplies. These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.25 . Active output circuitry provides a very sharp turn-on characteristic, making the TLV431 and TLV431A excellent replacements for low-voltage zener diodes in many applications, including onboard regulation and adjustable power supplies. DBV PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) NC NC CATHODE 1 2 3 5 4 ANODE REF NC - No internal connection LP PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) CATHODE ANODE REF The TLV431C and TLV431AC devices are characterized for operation from 0C to 70C. The TLV431I and TLV431AI devices are characterized for operation from -40C to 85C. AVAILABLE OPTIONS PACKAGED DEVICES TA TO-92 (LP) TLV431CLP TLV431ACLP TLV431ILP TLV431AILP SOIC (D) -- -- -- TLV431AID 5-PIN SOT-23 (DBV) TLV431CDBV TLV431ACDBV TLV431IDBV TLV431AIDBV 0C to 70C -40C to 85C The D and LP packages are available taped and reeled. Add the suffix R to the device type (e.g., TLV431ACLPR). The DBV package is available only taped and reeled (e.g., TLV431AIDR). Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. Copyright (c) 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 logic symbol REF ANODE CATHODE logic diagram (positive logic) CATHODE REF + - Vref = 1.24 V ANODE equivalent schematic CATHODE REF ANODE 2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) Cathode voltage, VKA (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 V Continuous cathode current range, IK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -20 mA to 20 mA Reference current range, Iref . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.05 mA to 3 mA Package thermal impedance, JA (see Notes 2 and 3): D package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97C/W DBV package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206C/W LP package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156C/W Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260C Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -65C to 150C Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTES: 1. Voltage values are with respect to the anode terminal unless otherwise noted. 2. Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), JA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(max) - TA)/JA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150C can affect reliability. 3. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51. recommended operating conditions MIN Cathode voltage, VKA Cathode current, IK Operating free-air temperature range, TA free air range TLV431C, TLV431AC TLV431I, TLV431AI Vref 0.1 0 -40 MAX 6 15 70 85 UNIT V mA C POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 3 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 electrical characteristics, TA = 25C (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA = 25C TA = full range (see Note 4 and Figure 1) TLV431C MIN 1.222 1.21 TYP 1.24 MAX 1.258 1.27 MIN 1.222 1.202 TLV431I TYP 1.24 MAX 1.258 1.278 V UNIT Vref Reference voltage VKA = Vref, IK = 10 mA Vref(dev) Vref VKA Iref Iref(dev) IK(min) IK(off) Vref deviation over full temperature range (see Note 5) Ratio of Vref change in cathode voltage change Reference terminal current Iref deviation over full temperature range (see Note 5) Minimum cathode current for regulation Off-state cathode current Dynamic impedance (see Note 6) VKA = Vref, IK = 10 mA, (see Note 4 and Figure 1) IK = 10 mA, (see Figure 2) VKA = Vref to 6 V, 4 12 6 20 mV -1.5 0.15 -2.7 0.5 -1.5 0.15 -2.7 0.5 mV/V A A A A IK = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = open (see Figure 2) IK = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = open (see Note 4 and Figure 2) VKA = Vref VKA = 6 V, (see Figure 3) (see Figure 1) Vref = 0 0.05 0.3 0.1 0.4 55 0.001 80 0.1 55 0.001 80 0.1 z KA VKA = Vref, f 1 kHz, IK = 0.1 mA to 15 mA (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 0.25 0.4 NOTES: 4. Full range is -40C to 85C for the TLV431I, and 0C to 70C for the TLV431C. 5. The deviation parameters Vref(dev) and Iref(dev) are defined as the differences between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the rated temperature range. The average full-range temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage, a V , is defined ref as: V aVref C ppm + V ref ref(dev) at 25 C DTA 10 6 where: TA is the rated operating temperature range of the device. can be positive or negative, depending on whether minimum Vref or maximum Vref, respectively, occurs at the lower temperature. 6. The dynamic impedance is defined as: z KA aVref + DV DI KA KA When the device is operating with two external resistors (see Figure 2), the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by: z KA + DV [ z DI KA 1 ) R1 R2 4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 electrical characteristics, TA = 25C (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TA = 25C TA = full range, (see Note 4 and Figure 1) TLV431AC MIN 1.228 1.221 TYP 1.24 MAX 1.252 1.259 MIN 1.228 1.215 TLV431AI TYP 1.24 MAX 1.252 1.265 V UNIT Vref Reference voltage VKA = Vref, IK = 10 mA, Vref(dev) Vref VKA Iref Iref(dev) IK(min) IK(off) Vref deviation over full temperature range (see Note 5) Ratio of Vref change in cathode voltage change Reference terminal current Iref deviation over full temperature range (see Note 5) Minimum cathode current for regulation Off-state cathode current Dynamic impedance (see Note 6) VKA = Vref, IK = 10 mA (see Note 4 and Figure 1) IK = 10 mA, (see Figure 2) IK = 10 mA, (see Figure 2) VKA = Vref to 6 V R1 = 10 k 4 12 6 20 mV -1.5 0.15 -2.7 0.5 -1.5 0.15 -2.7 0.5 mV/V A A A A IK = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = open (see Note 4 and Figure 2) VKA = Vref VKA = 6 V, (see Figure 3) (see Figure 1) Vref = 0, 0.05 0.3 0.1 0.4 55 0.001 80 0.1 55 0.001 80 0.1 z KA VKA = Vref, f 1 kHz, IK = 0.1 mA to 15 mA (see Figure 1) 0.25 0.4 0.25 0.4 NOTES: 7. Full range is -40C to 85C for the TLV431I, and 0C to 70C for the TLV431C. 8. The deviation parameters Vref(dev) and Iref(dev) are defined as the differences between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the rated temperature range. The average full-range temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage, a V , is defined ref as: V aVref C ppm + V ref ref(dev) at 25 C DTA 10 6 where: TA is the rated operating temperature range of the device. can be positive or negative, depending on whether minimum Vref or maximum Vref, respectively, occurs at the lower temperature. 9. The dynamic impedance is defined as: z KA aVref + DV DI KA KA When the device is operating with two external resistors (see Figure 2), the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by: z KA + DV [ z DI KA 1 ) R1 R2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION Input IK VO Input IK R1 Iref VO Vref R2 Vref Figure 1. Test Circuit for VKA = Vref, VO = VKA = Vref Figure 2. Test Circuit for VKA > Vref, VO = VKA = Vref x (1 + R1/R2) + Iref x R1 Input VO IK(off) Figure 3. Test Circuit for IK(off) 6 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 1.254 IK = 10 mA 1.252 1.250 1.248 1.246 1.244 1.242 1.240 1.238 -50 I ref - Reference Input Current - nA V ref - Reference Voltage - V 200 250 IK = 10 mA R1 = 10 k R2 = Open REFERENCE INPUT CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 150 100 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 50 -50 -25 TJ - Junction Temperature - C 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ - Junction Temperature - C 150 Figure 4 Figure 5 CATHODE CURRENT vs CATHODE VOLTAGE 15 VKA = Vref TA = 25C 10 150 I K - Cathode Current - mA I K - Cathode Current - A 5 100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 -15 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 VKA - Cathode Voltage - V 1.5 -250 -1 250 200 VKA = Vref TA = 25C CATHODE CURRENT vs CATHODE VOLTAGE 0 -5 -10 -0.5 0 0.5 1 VKA - Cathode Voltage - V 1.5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 7 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION RATIO OF DELTA REFERENCE VOLTAGE TO DELTA CATHODE VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 0 VKA = 5 V Vref = 0 30 V ref / VKA - Ratio of Delta Reference Voltage to Delta Cathode Voltage - mV/V -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -50 IK = 10 mA VKA = Vref to 6 V -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 OFF-STATE CATHODE CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 40 I K(off) - Off-State Cathode Current - nA 20 10 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ - Junction Temperature - C TJ - Junction Temperature - C Figure 8 PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN Vref vs OPERATING LIFE AT 55C 0.025 IK = 1 mA Vref Percentage Change in Vref - % 0 Figure 9 - 0.025 % Change (avg) % Change (3) - 0.05 - 0.075 - 0.1 % Change (-3) - 0.125 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Operating Life at 55C - kh Extrapolated from life-test data taken at 125C; the activation energy assumed is 0.7 eV. Figure 10 Operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. 8 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE vs FREQUENCY 350 Vn - Equivalent Input Noise Voltage - nV/ Hz VKA = Vref IK = 1 mA TA = 25C 300 470 F + 3V 1 k 750 2200 F + 820 TLE2027 + _ TP 250 TLV431 or TLV431A 200 160 k 160 TEST CIRCUIT FOR EQUIVALENT NOISE VOLTAGE 150 10 100 1k f- Frequency - Hz 10 k 100 k Figure 11 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 9 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE OVER A 10-SECOND PERIOD 10 Vn - Equivalent Input Noise Voltage - V 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 0 3V 1 k 2 4 6 8 10 t - Time - s f = 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz IK = 1 mA TA = 25C 470 F + 750 0.47 F 2200 F + 820 TLE2027 10 k + _ 160 k 10 k 1 F TLE2027 + _ 2.2 F + TP TLV431 or TLV431A 16 CRO 1 M 33 k 0.1 F 33 k TEST CIRCUIT FOR 0.1-Hz TO 10-Hz EQUIVALENT NOISE VOLTAGE Figure 12 10 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION SMALL-SIGNAL VOLTAGE GAIN /PHASE MARGIN vs FREQUENCY A V - Small-Signal Voltage Gain/Phase Margin - dB 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 GND 0 -10 -20 100 1k 10 k f - Frequency - Hz 100 k 1M TEST CIRCUIT FOR VOLTAGE GAIN AND PHASE MARGIN IK = 10 mA TA = 25C 0 Phase Shift 36 72 108 144 180 4.3 k 5V Output 6.8 k 10 F IK 180 Figure 13 REFERENCE IMPEDANCE vs FREQUENCY 100 IK = 0.1 mA to 15 mA TA = 25C |z ka | - Reference Impedance - 100 10 IK 1 100 + - 0.1 GND Output TEST CIRCUIT FOR REFERENCE IMPEDANCE 0.01 1k 10 k 100 k f - Frequency - Hz 1M 10 M Figure 14 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 11 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION PULSE RESPONSE 1 3.5 3 Input and Output Voltage - V 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -0.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 t - Time - s GND Ik Pulse Generator f = 100 kHz 50 Input R = 18 k TA = 25C 18 k Output Output TEST CIRCUIT FOR PULSE RESPONSE 1 Figure 15 PULSE RESPONSE 2 3.5 3 Input and Output Voltage - V 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -0.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 t - Time - s GND IK Pulse Generator f = 100 kHz 50 Input R = 1.8 k TA = 25C 1.8 k Output Output TEST CIRCUIT FOR PULSE RESPONSE 2 Figure 16 12 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION STABILITY BOUNDARY CONDITION 16 TA = 25C 14 VKA = Vref I K - Cathode Current - mA 12 10 Stable 8 6 4 2 0 0.001 VKA = 3 V VKA = 2 V Stable IK = 15 mA MAX 0.01 0.1 1 CL - Load Capacitance - F 10 150 IK + CL - Vbat CL R2 R1 = 10 k 150 IK + - Vbat TEST CIRCUIT FOR VKA = Vref TEST CIRCUIT FOR VKA = 2 V, 3 V The areas under the curves represent conditions that may cause the device to oscillate. For VKA = 2-V and 3-V curves, R2 and Vbat were adjusted to establish the initial VKA and IK conditions with CL = 0. Vbat and CL then were adjusted to determine the ranges of stability. Figure 17 Operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 13 TLV431, TLV431A LOW-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS139D - JULY 1996 - REVISED AUGUST 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION Figure 18 shows the TLV431 or TLV431A used in a 3.3-V isolated flyback supply. Output voltage VO can be as low as reference voltage Vref (1.24 V 1%). The output of the regulator, plus the forward voltage drop of the optocoupler LED (1.24 + 1.4 = 2.64 V), determine the minimum voltage that can be regulated in an isolated supply configuration. Regulated voltage as low as 2.7 Vdc is possible using the circuit in Figure 18. VI 120 V P - + P VO 3.3 V P Gate Drive VCC Controller VFB Current Sense GND TLV431 or TLV431A P P P P Figure 18. Flyback With Isolation Using TLV431 or TLV431A as Voltage Reference and Error Amplifier 14 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability. TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI's standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except those mandated by government requirements. Customers are responsible for their applications using TI components. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer's applications, adequate design and operating safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI's publication of information regarding any third party's products or services does not constitute TI's approval, warranty or endorsement thereof. Copyright (c) 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated |
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