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19-1913; Rev 0; 1/01
ANUAL N KIT M LUATIO ATA SHEET EVA WS D FOLLO
2.4GHz Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillator with Differential Outputs
Features
o Guaranteed Frequency Tuning Range: 2400MHz to 2500MHz o Compatible with Low-IF or Zero-IF Radio Architectures o Differential Outputs o On-Chip Tank Circuit o Internally Matched Output Buffer Amplifier o 1A Shutdown Mode o +2.7V to +5.5V Supply Voltage Range o Miniature 8-Pin MAX Package
General Description
The MAX2753 is a self-contained voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) intended for use in 2.4GHz radios that utilize a low-IF or zero-IF architecture. It combines a fully integrated oscillator and output buffer in a miniature 8-pin MAX package. The inductor and varactor elements of the tank are integrated on-chip, greatly simplifying application of the part. The only required external components are a couple of supply bypass capacitors. The MAX2753 provides direct connection to the VCO tuning voltage input and the VCO buffer output. The tuning voltage input range is +0.4V to +2.4V, and the oscillator frequency tuning range is factory adjusted to provide guaranteed limits. The output signal is buffered by an amplifier stage (internally matched to 50) to provide higher output power and isolate the device from load impedance variations. In addition, the MAX2753 provides differential outputs. The MAX2753 operates over a +2.7V to +5.5V supply voltage range. Internal regulation of the oscillator supply voltage eliminates the need for an external LDO regulator for the VCO. The MAX2753 also provides a digitally controlled shutdown mode to permit implementation of sophisticated power-supply management. In shutdown, the supply current is reduced to less than 1A.
MAX2753
Ordering Information
PART MAX2753EUA TEMP. RANGE -40C to +85C PIN-PACKAGE 8 MAX
Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
BYP 1 8 7 GND OUTN VCC OUTP
TUNE 2
________________________Applications
802.11 FHSS WLAN Home RF 2.4GHz Bluetooth ISM Proprietary Radio
MAX2753
GND 3 6 5 SHDN 4
MAX
Typical Operating Circuit
BYP GND
TUNE
TUNE
OSCILLATOR CORE
OUTN
OUT TO MIXER/ SYNTHESIZER
GND VCC VCC
MAX2753
SHDN OUTP BIAS OUT TO MIXER/ SYNTHESIZER
SHDN
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
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2.4GHz Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillator with Differential Outputs MAX2753
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VCC to GND ..............................................................-0.3V to +6V TUNE, SHDN, BYP, OUTP, OUTN to GND .................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 8-Pin MAX (derate 5.7mW/C above TA = +70C).....457mW Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +2.7V to +5.5V, VTUNE = +0.4V to +2.4V, V SHDN +2V, OUTP = OUTN = connected to 50 load, TA = -40C to +85C. Typical values are at VCC = +3.0V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER Supply Voltage Supply Current Shutdown Supply Current SHDN Input Voltage Low SHDN Input Voltage High SHDN Input Current Low SHDN Input Current High TUNE Input Current V SHDN 0.6V V SHDN 2.0V 0.4V V TUNE 2.4V 2.0 -1 -2 0.02 1 2 TA = +25oC TA = -40oC to +85oC V SHDN 0.6V 0.2 CONDITIONS MIN 2.7 8.6 TYP MAX 5.5 13.0 13.5 1 0.6 mA A V V A A nA UNITS V
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(MAX2753 EV kit, VCC = +2.7V to +5.5V, VTUNE = +0.4V to +2.4V, V SHDN +2V, OUTP = OUTN = connected to 50 load, TA = +25C. Typical values are at VCC = +3.0V, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Oscillator Guaranteed Frequency Limits (Note1) Phase Noise Tuning Gain (Note 2) Differential Output Power Return Loss Harmonics Load Pulling Supply Pushing Oscillator Turn-On Time (Note 3) Oscillator Turn-Off Time (Note 4) Pins OUTP or OUTN Differential output VSWR = 2:1, all phases, pins OUTP or OUTN VCC stepped: +3.3V to +2.8V Exiting shutdown Entering shutdown CONDITIONS V TUNE = +0.4V to +2.4V, TA = -40oC to +85oC fOFFSET = 4MHz Noise floor fOSC = 2400MHz fOSC = 2500MHz MIN 2400 -130 -153 150 110 -8 11 -26 3.4 1.1 10 8 TYP MAX 2500 UNITS MHz dBc/Hz dBm/Hz MHz/V dBm dB dBc MHzp-p MHz/V s s
Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: 2
Specifications are production tested at TA = +25C. Limits over temperature are guaranteed by design and characterization. Tuning gain is measured at the oscillator's guaranteed frequency limits. Turn-on time to within 3dB of final output power Turn-off time to output power of -15dBm.
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2.4GHz Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillator with Differential Outputs
Typical Operating Characteristics
(MAX2753 EV kit, VCC = +3.0V, VTUNE = +0.4V to +2.4V, V SHDN +2V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX2753
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX2753 toc01
TUNING CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX2753 toc02
VCO TUNING CURVE
TA = -40C TA = +25C
MAX2753 toc03
13 12 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
0.5
2700 2600 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2500 2400 TA = +85C 2300 2200 2100
TUNE INPUT CURRENT (nA)
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5 VTUNE (V)
2.0
2.5
3.0
PHASE NOISE
MAX2753 toc04
OUTPUT POWER vs. FREQUENCY
-5.5 -6.0 OUTPUT POWER (dBm) -6.5 -7.0 -7.5 -8.0 -8.5 -9.0 -9.5 -10.0 -10.0 2400 2420 2440 2460 2480 2500 -40
MAX2753 toc05
OUTPUT POWER vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX2753 toc06
-60 -70 -80 PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz) -90 -100 -110 -120 -130 -140 -150 0.1 1 OFFSET FREQUENCY (MHz)
-5.0
-6.0
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
-7.0
-8.0
-9.0
10
-20
0
20
40
60
80
FREQUENCY (MHz)
TEMPERATURE (C)
NORMALIZED HARMONIC OUTPUT SPECTRUM
MAX2753 toc09
OSCILLATOR TURN-ON TIME
MAX2753 toc08
OSCILLATOR TURN-OFF TIME
-10 -20 OUTPUT POWER (dBm) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 7s
MAX2753 toc09
0 -10 -20 OUTPUT POWER (dBm) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 8s
0
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
= 30dBc
= 27dBc
O
2O FREQUENCY
3O
0
2
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18 20
0
2
4
6
8
10 12 14 16 18 20
TIME (s)
TIME (s)
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2.4GHz Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillator with Differential Outputs MAX2753
Pin Description
PIN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 NAME BYP TUNE GND SHDN OUTP VCC OUTN GND FUNCTION VCO Bypass. Bypass with a 0.1F capacitor to GND. Oscillator Frequency Tuning Voltage Input. High-impedance input with a voltage input range of +0.4V (low frequency) to +2.4V (high frequency). Ground Connection for Oscillator and Biasing. Requires a low-inductance connection to the circuit board ground plane. Shutdown Logic Input. A high-impedance input logic level low disables the device and reduces supply current to less than 1.0A. A logic level high enables the device. Positive Buffered Oscillator Output. Incorporates an internal DC blocking capacitor. OUTP is internally matched to 50. DC Supply Voltage Connection. Bypass with a 220pF capacitor to GND for best high frequency performance. Negative Buffered Oscillator Output. Incorporates an internal DC blocking capacitor. OUTN is internally matched to 50. Ground Connection for Output Buffer. Requires a low-inductance connection to the circuit board ground plane.
Detailed Description
Oscillator
The MAX2753 VCO is implemented as an LC oscillator topology, integrating all of the tank components onchip. This fully monolithic approach provides an extremely easy-to-use VCO, equivalent to a VCO module. The frequency is controlled by a voltage applied to the TUNE pin, which is internally connected to the varactor. The VCO core uses a differential topology to provide a stable frequency versus supply voltage and improve the immunity to load variations. In addition, there is a differential buffer amplifier following the oscillator core to provide added isolation from load variations and to boost the output power.
Applications Information
Tune Input
The tuning input is typically connected to the output of the PLL loop filter. The loop filter provides an appropriately low-impedance source. The input may incorporate an extra RC filter stage to reduce high-frequency noise and spurious signals. Any excess noise on the tuning input is directly translated into FM noise, which can degrade the phase-noise performance of the oscillator. Therefore, it is important to minimize the noise introduced on the tuning input. A simple RC filter with low corner frequency is needed during testing to filter the noise present on the voltage source driving the tuning line.
Output Buffer
The oscillator signal from the core drives a differential output buffer amplifier. Each of the two amplifier outputs is internally matched to 50 including an on-chip DC-blocking capacitor. No external DC-blocking capacitor is required, eliminating the need for any external components. The amplifier boosts the oscillator signal to a level suitable for driving most RF mixers.
Layout Issues
Always use controlled impedance lines (microstrip, coplanar waveguide, etc.) for high-frequency signals. Always place decoupling capacitors as close to the VCC pins as possible; for long VCC lines, it may be necessary to add additional decoupling capacitors located further from the device. Always provide a low-inductance path to ground, and keep GND vias as close to the device as possible. Thermal reliefs on GND pads are not recommended.
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_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.4GHz Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillator with Differential Outputs MAX2753
BYP 0.1F GND
FROM SYNTHESIZER LOOP FILTER
TUNE
OSCILLATOR CORE
OUTN
OUT TO MIXER/ SYNTHESIZER
GND VCC VCC 220pF OUTP BIAS OUT TO MIXER/ SYNTHESIZER
MAX2753
SHDN
SHDN
Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 176 PROCESS: BiPOLAR
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2.4GHz Monolithic Voltage-Controlled Oscillator with Differential Outputs MAX2753
Package Information
8LUMAXD.EPS
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