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Advance Information Battery Fast Charge Controller
The MC33340 is a monolithic control IC that is specifically designed as a fast charge controller for Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) and Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries. This device features negative slope voltage detection as the primary means for fast charge termination. Accurate detection is ensured by an output that momentarily interrupts the charge current for precise voltage sampling. An additional secondary backup termination method can be selected that consists of either a programmable time or temperature limit. Protective features include battery over and undervoltage detection, latched over temperature detection, and power supply input undervoltage lockout with hysteresis. Provisions for entering a rapid test mode are available to enhance end product testing. This device is available in an economical 8-lead surface mount package. * Negative Slope Voltage Detection with 4.0 mV Sensitivity
MC33340
BATTERY FAST CHARGE CONTROLLER
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
* * * * * * * *
Accurate Zero Current Battery Voltage Sensing High Noise Immunity with Synchronous VFC/Logic Programmable 1 to 4 Hour Fast Charge Time Limit Programmable Over/Under Temperature Detection Battery Over and Undervoltage Fast Charge Protection Rapid System Test Mode Power Supply Input Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis Operating Voltage Range of 3.0 V to 18 V
8 1 8 1
P SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 626
Simplified Block Diagram
D SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751 (SO-8)
Regulator
DC Input
VCC Undervoltage Lockout
8
Internal Bias Vsen 1 Voltage to Frequency Converter Ck High Battery Detect Low F/V
VCC Over Temp Latch Battery Pack Temp Detect Under t1 t1/Tref High 7 t2/Tsen 6 t3 t3/Tref Low 5 VCC
PIN CONNECTIONS
Vsen Input 1 Vsen Gate Output 2 Fast/Trickle Output 3 Gnd 4 8 VCC 7 t1/Tref High 6 t2/Tsen 5 t3/Tref Low (Top View)
R Over
Q
R S
Vsen Gate 2 3 Fast/ Trickle
-V Detect Counter Timer t2 Vsen Gate
F/T
t/T
Time/ Temp Select
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device MC33340D Operating Temperature Range TA = -25 to +85C Package SO-8 Plastic DIP
Rev 0
Gnd
4
This device contains 2,512 active transistors.
This document contains information on a new product. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
MC33340P
(c) Motorola, Inc. 1996
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
1
MC33340
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating Power Supply Voltage (Pin 8) Input Voltage Range Time/Temperature Select (Pins 5, 6, 7) Battery Sense, Note 1 (Pin 1) Symbol VCC VIR(t/T) VIR(sen) Value 18 -1.0 to VCC -1.0 to VCC + 0.6 or -1.0 to 10 20 50 20 50 100 178 TJ TA Tstg +150 -25 to +85 -55 to +150 C C C V mA V mA C/W Unit V V
Vsen Gate Output (Pin 2) Voltage Current Fast/Trickle Output (Pin 3) Voltage Current Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Air P Suffix, DIP Plastic Package, Case 626 D Suffix, SO-8 Plastic Package, Case 751 Operating Junction Temperature Operating Ambient Temperature (Note 2) Storage Temperature
NOTE: ESD data available upon request.
VO(gate) IO(gate) VO(F/T) IO(F/T) RJA
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 6.0 V, for typical values TA = 25C, for min/max values TA is the operating
ambient temperature range that applies (Note 2), unless otherwise noted.) Characteristic BATTERY SENSE INPUT (Pin 1) Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
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Input Sensitivity for -V Detection Overvoltage Threshold -Vth - -4.0 2.0 1.0 10 - mV V Vth(OV) Vth(UV) IIB Rin 1.9 2.1 Undervoltage Threshold Input Bias Current Input Resistance 0.95 - - 1.05 - - mV nA 6.0 M TIME/TEMPERATURE INPUTS (Pins 5, 6, 7) Programing Inputs (Vin = 1.5 V) Input Current Input Current Matching Iin Iin -24 - - - - -30 1.0 5.0 44 -36 2.0 - - - A % Input Offset Voltage, Over and Under Temperature Comparators Under Temperature Comparator Hysteresis (Pin 5) Temperature Select Threshold VIO mV mV mV VH(T) Vth(t/T) fOSC tgate VCC -0.7 760 INTERNAL TIMING Internal Clock Oscillator Frequency Vsen Gate Output (Pin 2) Gate Time Gate Repetition Rate - - - - - - - - kHz ms s s 33 1.38 177 Fast Charge Holdoff from -V Detection thold Ioff Vsen GATE OUTPUT (Pin 2) Off-State Leakage Current (VO = 20 V) - - 10 - - nA V Low State Saturation Voltage (Isink = 10 mA) Off-State Leakage Current (VO = 20 V) VOL Ioff 1.2 FAST/TRICKLE OUTPUT (Pin 3) - - 10 - - nA V Low State Saturation Voltage (Isink = 10 mA) VOL 1.0
NOTES: 1. Whichever voltage is lower. 2. Tested junction temperature range for the MC33340: Tlow = -25C Thigh = +85C
2
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC33340
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VCC = 6.0 V, for typical values TA = 25C, for min/max values TA is the operating ambient temperature range that applies (Note 2), unless otherwise noted.)
Characteristic UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (Pin 8) Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
2.10 VCC = 6.0 V 2.00 1.90
f OSC, OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY CHANGE (%)
V th, OVER/UNDERVOLTAGE THRESHOLDS (V)
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Start-Up Threshold (VCC Increasing, TA = 25C) Vth(on) Vth(off) ICC - 3.0 3.1AAAA V - V Turn-Off Threshold (VCC Decreasing, TA = 25C) Power Supply Current (Pins 5, 6, 7 Open) Start-Up (VCC = 2.9 V) Operating (VCC = 6.0 V) 2.75 2.85 TOTAL DEVICE (Pin 8) mA - - 0.65 0.61 2.0 2.0
NOTES: 1. Whichever voltage is lower. 2. Tested junction temperature range for the MC33340: Tlow = -25C Thigh = +85C
Figure 1. Battery Sense Input Thresholds versus Temperature
Figure 2. Oscillator Frequency versus Temperature
16 VCC = 6.0 V
8.0
0
1.02 1.00 0.98 - 50
-8.0
- 25
0
25
50
75
100
125
-16 - 50
- 25
0
25
50
75
100
125
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C)
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C)
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
3
MC33340
V th(t/T), TEMPERATURE SELECT THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V
Figure 3. Temperature Select Threshold Voltage versus Temperature
VOL , SINK SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -50 Time mode is selected if any of the three inputs are above the threshold. Temperature mode is selected when all three inputs are below the threshold. -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 VCC VCC = 6.0 V Threshold voltage is measured with respect to VCC. 3.2
Figure 4. Saturation Voltage versus Sink Current Vsen Gate and Fast/Trickle Outputs
VCC = 6.0 V TA = 25C 2.4 Vsen Gate Pin 2 1.6 Fast/Trickle Pin 3 0.8
0 0 8.0 16 24 32 40 TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C) Isink, SINK SATURATION (mA)
Figure 5. Undervoltage Lockout Thresholds versus Temperature
3.1 ICC , SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) VCC , SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Startup Threshold (VCC Increasing) 1.0 TA = 25C 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 - 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 0
Figure 6. Supply Current versus Supply Voltage
3.0
2.9
2.8
Minimum Operating Threshold (VCC Decreasing)
2.7 - 50
4.0
8.0 VCC, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
12
16
TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C)
INTRODUCTION
Nickel Cadmium and Nickel Metal Hydride batteries require precise charge termination control to maximize cell capacity and operating time while preventing overcharging. Overcharging can result in a reduction of battery life as well as physical harm to the end user. Since most portable applications require the batteries to be charged rapidly, a primary and usually a secondary or redundant charge sensing technique is employed into the charging system. It is also desirable to disable rapid charging if the battery voltage or temperature is either too high or too low. In order to address these issues, an economical and flexible fast charge controller was developed. The MC33340 contains many of the building blocks and protection features that are employed in modern high performance battery charger controllers that are specifically designed for Nickel Cadmium and Nickel Metal Hydride batteries. The device is designed to interface with either primary or secondary side regulators for easy implementation of a complete charging system. A representative block diagram in a typical charging application is shown in Figure 7. The battery voltage is monitored by the Vsen input that internally connects to a voltage to frequency converter and counter for detection of a negative slope in battery voltage. A timer with three programming inputs is available to provide backup charge termination. Alternatively, these inputs can be used to monitor the battery pack temperature and to set the over and under temperature limits also for backup charge termination. Two active low open collector outputs are provided to interface this controller with the external charging circuit. The first output furnishes a gating pulse that momentarily interrupts the charge current. This allows an accurate method of sampling the battery voltage by eliminating voltage drops that are associated with high charge currents and wiring resistances. Also, any noise voltages generated by the charging circuitry are eliminated. The second output is designed to switch the charging source between fast and trickle modes based upon the results of voltage, time, or temperature. These outputs normally connect directly to a linear or switching regulator control circuit in non-isolated primary or secondary side applications. Both outputs can be used to drive optoisolators in primary side applications that require galvanic isolation. Figure 8 shows the typical charge characteristics for NiCd and NiMh batteries.
4
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC33340
Figure 7. Typical Battery Charging Application
Regulator DC Input Reg Control Internal Bias R2 Vsen 1 R1 Charge Status 2.0 V 1.0 V Battery Detect Low Under t1 30 A t2 Vsen Gate t3 3 Fast/ Trickle F/T t/T Time/ Temp Select Gnd 4 0.7 V VCC 30 A Ck High F/V R Over Q R S Temp Detect 30 A t1/Tref High 7 t2/Tsen 6 t3/Tref Low 5 SW1 R3 Voltage to Frequency Converter
MC33340 Undervoltage Lockout
VCC 8
VCC 2.9 V Over Temp Latch Battery Pack T RNTC
Vsen Gate 2
-V Detect Counter Timer
SW2
SW3
R4
R2
+ R1
VBatt -1 Vsen
Figure 8. Typical Charge Characteristics for NiCd and NiMh Batteries
1.6 1.5 Tmax CELL VOLTAGE (V) 1.4 50 40 Voltage 1.2 Temperature 1.1 Relative Pressure 1.0 0 40 80 120 CHARGE INPUT PERCENT OF CAPACITY 10 160 20 30 Vmax dV dt 60 CELL TEMPERATURE ( C) -V 70
1.3
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
5
MC33340
OPERATING DESCRIPTION
The MC33340 starts up in the fast charge mode when power is applied to VCC. A change to the trickle mode can occur as a result of three possible conditions. The first is if the Vsen input voltage is above 2.0 V or below 1.0 V. Above 2.0 V indicates that the battery pack is open or disconnected, while below 1.0 V indicates the possibility of a shorted or defective cell. The second condition is if a negative slope in battery voltage is detected after a minimum of 177 seconds of fast charging. This indicates that the battery pack is fully charged. The third condition is either due to the battery pack being out of a programmed temperature range, or that the preset timer period has been exceeded. There are three conditions that will cause the controller to return from trickle to fast charge mode. The first is if the Vsen input voltage moved to within the 1.0 to 2.0 V range from initially being either too high or too low. The second is if the battery pack temperature moved to within the programmed temperature range, but only from initially being too cold. Third is by cycling VCC off and then back on causing the internal logic to reset. A concise description of the major circuit blocks is given below. Negative Slope Voltage Detection A representative block diagram of the negative slope voltage detector is shown in Figure 9. It includes a Synchronous Voltage to Frequency Converter, a Sample Timer, and a Ratchet Counter. The Vsen pin is the input for the Voltage to Frequency Converter (VFC), and it connects to the rechargeable battery pack terminals through a resistive voltage divider. The input has an impedance of approximately 6.0 M and a maximum voltage range of -1.0 V to VCC + 0.6 V or 0 V to 10 V, whichever is lower. The 10 V upper limit is set by an internal zener clamp that provides protection in the event of an electrostatic discharge. The VFC is a charge-balanced synchronous type which generates output pulses at a rate of FV = Vsen (24 kHz). The Sample Timer circuit provides a 95 kHz system clock signal (SCK) to the VFC. This signal synchronizes the FV output to the other Sample Timer outputs used within the detector. At 1.38 second intervals the Vsen Gate output goes low for a 33 ms period. This output is used to momentarily interrupt the external charging power source so that a precise voltage measurement can be taken. As the Vsen Gate goes low, the internal Preset control line is driven high for 11 ms. During this time, the battery voltage at the Vsen input is allowed to stabilize and the previous FV count is preloaded. At the Preset high-to-low transition, the Convert line goes high for 22 ms. This gates the FV pulses into the ratchet counter for a comparison to the preloaded count. Since the Convert time is derived from the same clock that controls the VFC, the number of FV pulses is independent of the clock frequency. If the new sample has more counts than were preloaded, it becomes the new peak count and the cycle is repeated 1.38 seconds later. If the new sample has two fewer counts, a less than peak voltage event has occurred, and a register is initialized. If two successive less than peak voltage events occur, the -V `AND' gate output goes high and the Fast/Trickle output is latched in a low state, signifying that the battery pack has reached full charge status. Negative slope voltage detection can only occur after 177 seconds have elapsed in the fast charge mode. The trickle mode holdoff time is implemented to ignore any initial drop in voltage that may occur when charging batteries that have been stored for an extended time period. The negative slope voltage detector has a maximum resolution of 2.0 V divided by 1023, or 1.955 mV per count with an uncertainty of 1.0 count. This yields a detection range of 1.955 mV to 5.865 mV. In order to obtain maximum sensing accuracy, the R2/R1 voltage divider must be adjusted so that the Vsen input voltage is slightly less than 2.0 V when the battery pack is fully charged. Voltage variations due to temperature and cell manufacturing must be considered.
Figure 9. Negative Slope Voltage Detector
Synchronous Voltage to Frequency Converter FV = Vsen (24 kHz) Ck Rachet Counter Battery Detect Low High UVLO -V F/T
Vsen Input
Logic
Convert
Preset
Trickle Mode Holdoff 160s
Over Under Charge Temperature Timer Vsen Gate
SCK 95 kHz
Sample Timer
Vsen Gate 1.38 s Preset 11 ms Convert 22 ms Rachet Counter Convert 0 to 1023 FV Pulses
6
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC33340
Fast Charge Timer A programmable backup charge timer is available for fast charge termination. The timer is activated by the Time/Temp Select comparator, and is programmed from the t1/Tref High, t2/Tsen, and t3/Tref Low inputs. If one or more of these inputs is allowed to go above VCC - 0.7 V or is left open, the comparator output will switch high, indicating that the timer feature is desired. The three inputs allow one of seven possible fast charge time limits to be selected. The programmable time limits, rounded to the nearest whole minute, are shown in Figure 10. Over/Under Temperature Detection A backup over/under temperature detector is available and can be used in place of the timer for fast charge termination. The timer is disabled by the Time/Temp Select comparator when each of the three programming inputs are held below VCC - 0.7 V. Temperature sensing is accomplished by placing a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor in thermal contact with the battery pack. The thermistor connects to the t2/Tsen input which has a 30 A current source pull-up for developing a temperature dependent voltage. The temperature limits are set by a resistor that connects from the t1/Tref High and the t3/Tref Low inputs to ground. Since all three inputs contain matched 30 A current source pull-ups, the required programming resistor values are identical to that of the thermistor at the desired over and under trip temperature. The temperature window detector is composed of two comparators with a common input that connects to the t2/Tsen input. The lower comparator senses the presence of an under temperature condition. When the lower temperature limit is exceeded, the charger is switched to the trickle mode. The comparator has 44 mV of hysteresis to prevent erratic switching between the fast and trickle modes as the lower temperature limit is crossed. The amount of temperature rise to overcome the hysteresis is determined by the thermistor's rate of resistance change or sensitivity at the under temperature trip point. The required resistance change is: VH(T) 44 mV DR(TLow T High) 1.46 k I 30 mA in The resistance change approximates a thermal hysteresis of 2C with a 10 k thermistor operating at 0C. The under temperature fast charge inhibit feature can be disabled by biasing the t3/Tref Low input to a voltage that is greater than that present at t2/Tsen, and less than VCC - 0.7 V. Under extremely cold conditions, it is possible that the thermistor resistance can become too high, allowing the t2/Tsen input to go above VCC - 0.7 V, and activate the timer. This condition can be prevented by placing a resistor in parallel with the thermistor. Note that the time/temperature threshold of VCC - 0.7 V is a typical value at room temperature. Refer to the Electrical Characteristics table and to Figure 3 for additional information. The upper comparator senses the presence of an over temperature condition. When the upper temperature limit is exceeded, the comparator output sets the Over Temperature Latch and the charger is switched to trickle mode. Once the latch is set, the charger cannot be returned to fast charge, even after the temperature falls below the limit. This feature prevents the battery pack from being continuously temperature cycled and overcharged. The latch can be reset by removing and reconnecting the battery pack or by cycling the power supply voltage. If the charger does not require either the time or temperature backup features, they can both be easily disabled. This is accomplished by biasing the t3/Tref Low input to a voltage greater than t2/Tsen, and by grounding the t1/Tref High input. Under these conditions, the Time/Temp Select comparator output is low, indicating that the temperature mode is selected, and that the t2/Tsen input is biased within the limits of an artificial temperature window. Charging of battery packs that are used in portable power tool applications typically use temperature as the only means for fast charge termination. The MC33340 can be configured in this manner by constantly resetting the -V detection logic. This is accomplished by biasing the Vsen input to 1.5 V from a two resistor divider that is connected between the positive battery pack terminal and ground. The Vsen Gate output is also connected to the Vsen input. Now, each time that the Sample Timer causes the Vsen output to go low, the Vsen input will be pulled below the undervoltage threshold of 1.0 V. This causes a reset of the -V logic every 1.38 seconds, thus disabling detection. Operating Logic The order of events in the charging process is controlled by the logic circuitry. Each event is dependent upon the input conditions and the chosen method of charge termination. A table summary containing all of the possible operating modes is shown in Figure 11.
+
+
+
Figure 10. Fast Charge Backup Termination Time/Temperature Limit
Backup Termination Mode Time Time Time Time Time Time Time Temperature Programming Inputs t3/Tref Low (Pin 5) Open Open Open Open Gnd Gnd Gnd 0 V to VCC - 0.7 V t2/Tsen (Pin 6) Open Open Gnd Gnd Open Open Gnd 0 V to VCC - 0.7 V t1/Tref High (Pin 7) Open Gnd Open Gnd Open Gnd Open 0 V to VCC - 0.7 V Time Limit Fast Charge (Minutes) 283 247 212 177 141 106 71 Timer Disabled
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
7
MC33340
Figure 11. Controller Operating Mode Table
Input Condition Vsen Input Voltage: >1.0 V and <2.0 V Controller Operation The divided down battery pack voltage is within the fast charge voltage range. The charger switches from trickle to fast charge mode as Vsen enters this voltage range, and a reset pulse is then applied to the timer and the over temperature latch. The battery pack has reached full charge and the charger switches from fast to a latched trickle mode. A reset pulse must be applied for the charger to switch back to the fast mode. The reset pulse occurs when entering the 1.0 V to 2.0 V window for Vsen or when VCC rises above 3.0 V. The divided down battery pack voltage is outside of the fast charge voltage range. The charger switches from fast to trickle mode. The timer has not exceeded the programmed limit. The charger will be in fast charge mode if Vsen and VCC are within their respective operating limits. The timer has exceeded the programmed limit. The charger switches from fast to a latched trickle mode. The battery pack temperature is within the programmed limits. The charger will be in fast charge mode if Vsen and VCC are within their respective operating limits. The battery pack temperature is below the programmed lower limit. The charger will stay in trickle mode until the lower temperature limit is exceeded. When exceeded, the charger will switch from trickle to fast charge mode. The battery pack temperature has exceeded the programmed upper limit. The charger switches from fast to a latched trickle mode. A reset signal must be applied and then released for the charger to switch back to the fast charge mode. The reset pulse occurs when entering the 1.0 V to 2.0 V window for Vsen or when VCC rises above 3.0 V. This is the nominal power supply operating voltage range. The charger will be in fast charge mode if Vsen, and temperature backup or timer backup are within their respective operating limits. The undervoltage lockout comparator will be activated and the charger will be in trickle mode. A reset signal is applied to the timer and over temperature latch.
>1.0 V and <2.0 V with two consecutive -V events detected after 160 s <1.0 V or >2.0 V Timer Backup: Within time limit Beyond time limit Temperature Backup: Within limits Below lower limit
Above upper limit
Power Supply Voltage: VCC >3.0 V and <18 V VCC >0.6 V and <2.8 V
Testing Under normal operating conditions, it would take 283 minutes to verify the operation of the 34 stage ripple counter used in the timer. In order to significantly reduce the test time, three digital switches were added to the circuitry and are used to bypass selected divider stages. Entering each of the test modes without requiring additional package pins or affecting normal device operation proved to be challenging. Refer to the timer functional block diagram in Figure 12. Switch 1 bypasses 19 divider stages to provide a 524,288 times speedup of the clock. This switch is enabled when the Vsen input falls below 1.0 V. Verification of the programmed fast charge time limit is accomplished by measuring the propagation delay from when the Vsen input falls below 1.0 V, to when the F/T output changes from a high-to-low state. The 71, 106, 141, 177, 212, 247 and 283 will now correspond to 8.1, 12.1, 16.2, 20.2, 24.3, 28.3 and 32.3 ms delays. It is possible to enter this test mode during operation if the equivalent battery pack voltage was to fall below 1.0 V. This will not present a problem since the device would normally switch from fast to trickle mode under these conditions, and the relatively short variable time delay would be transparent to the user.
Switch 2 bypasses 11 divider stages to provide a 2048 times speedup of the clock. This switch is necessary for testing the 19 stages that were bypassed when switch 1 was enabled. Switch 2 is enabled when the Vsen input falls below 1.0 V and the t1/Tref High input is biased at -100 mV. Verification of the 19 stages is accomplished by measuring a nominal propagation delay of 338.8 ms from when the Vsen input falls below 1.0 V, to when the F/T output changes from a high-to-low state. Switch 3 is a dual switch consisting of sections "A" and "B". Section "A" bypasses 5 divider stages to provide a 32 times speedup of the Vsen gate signal that is used in sampling the battery voltage. This speedup allows faster test verification of two successive -V events. Section "B" bypasses 11 divider stages to provide a 2048 speedup of the trickle mode holdoff timer. Switches 3A and 3B are both activated when the t1/Tref High input is biased at -100 mV with respect to Pin 4. Activation results in a reduction of the Vsen gate sample rate from 1.38 s to 43 ms, and a trickle mode holdoff time of 177 s to 86 ms.
8
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC33340
Figure 12. Timer Functional Block Diagram
Switch 1 219 Switch 2 211 Oscillator 760 kHz /23 /28 /24 Decoder 11 ms 22 ms Preset Convert 86 ms Trickle Handoff
Each test mode bypass switch is shown in the proper position for normal charger operation.
Switch 3A 25 /21 /24 /27 /23 /2 /2 /2 /2
95 kHz SCK to Voltage to Frequency Converter
1.38 s Vsen Gate Switch 3B 211 177 s
23.5 47.1 94.2 188.4 376.8 Time Period Minutes
t1/Tref High Time and Test Decoder t2/Tsen t3/Tref Low
Timer Output
Figure 13. Line Isolated Linear Regulator Charger
R5 1.0 k AC Line Input LM317 IC2 DC Input IAdj
IC1 MC33340 D3 1N4002 D2 R2 Vsen 1 R1 R7 2.4 R8 220 C1 0.01 2.0 V 1.0 V Battery Detect Low Under t1 -V Detect Counter Timer t2 Vsen Gate t3 F/T t/T Time/Temp Select Gnd 4 Ck F/V R Over High Q R S Temp Detect Internal Bias Voltage to Frequency Converter Undervoltage Lockout
VCC
8
C2 0.1
VCC 2.9 V Over Temp Latch
RNTC 10 k
Battery Pack
R6 1.8 k D1 Charge Status
D4 Vsen Gate 2
30 A t1/Tref High 7 SW1 30 A t2/Tsen 6 30 A t3/Tref Low 5 SW3 VCC 0.6 V
R3 SW2
R2
+ R1
Ichg(fast)
(I + Vref )R7Adj R8)
VBatt -1 Vsen
3 Fast/ Trickle
R4
Ichg(trickle)
+
Vin - Vf(D3) - VBatt R5
This application combines the MC33340 with an adjustable three terminal regulator to form an isolated secondary side battery charger. Regulator IC2 operates as a constant current source with R7 setting the fast charge level. The trickle charge level is set by R5. The R2/R1 divider should be adjusted so that the Vsen input is less than 2.0 V when the batteries are fully charged. The printed circuit board shown below will accept the several TO-220 style heatsinks for IC2 and are all manufactured by AAVID Engineering Inc.
AAVID # 592502B03400 593002B03400 590302B03600
SA C/W 24.0 14.0 9.2
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
9
MC33340
Figure 14. Printed Circuit Board and Component Layout (Circuit of Figure 13)
2.25
Input Return Input Positive Charge Mode Input R4 321 R3 IC1 C2 R2 R8 R7 Output D2 RNTC Battery Negative RNTC RNTC Battery Positive
MC33340
The MC33340 can be combined with any of the devices in the UC3842 family of current mode controllers to form a switch mode battery charger. In this example, optocouplers OC1 and OC2 are used to provide isolated control signals to the UC3842. During battery voltage sensing, OC2 momentarily grounds the Output/Compensation pin, effectively turning off the charger. When fast charge termination is reached, OC1 turns on, and grounds the lower side of R3. This reduces the peak switch current threshold of the Current Sense Comparator to a programmed trickle current level. For additional converter design information, refer to the UC3842 and UC3844 device family data sheets.
10
IIIIII IIIIII IIIIII IIIIII IIIIII IIIIII
D1 C1 D4 R1 R5 R6 D3 IC2
1.70
(Top View)
(Bottom View)
Figure 15. Line Isolated Switch Mode Charger
UC3842 Series VCC R2 R1 Voltage Feedback Input 2 1 Output/ Compensation Primary Circuitry Isolation Boundary Secondary Circuitry Error Amplifier 1.0 mA 2R R 1.0 V Current Sense Comparator Gnd 5
OC2
VBattery
Vsen Gate R3 OC1 3 Fast/ Trickle 2
MC33340 Vsen Gate
F/T
Gnd
4
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC33340
Figure 16. Switch Mode Fast Charger
MC34166 or MC34167 ILimit Osc S Q R PWM Thermal UVLO Ref EA R2 Voltage Feedback Input 1 Gnd 3 Compensation 5 C1 R3 R1 MC33340 Vsen Gate Battery Pack Switch Output 2 VCC 4 + R4 AC Line Input
Vsen Gate 2 3 Fast/ Trickle
F/T
Gnd
4
The MC33340 can be used to control the MC34166 or MC34167 power switching regulators to produce an economical and efficient fast charger. These devices are capable of operating continuously in current limit with an input voltage range of 7.5 to 40 V. The typical charging current for the MC34166 and MC34167 is 4.3 A and 6.5 A respectively. Resistors R2 and R1 are used to set the battery pack fast charge float voltage. If precise float voltage control is not required, components R1, R2, R3 and C1 can be deleted, and Pin 1 must be grounded. The trickle current level is set by resistor R4. It is recommended that a redundant charge termination method be employed for end user protection. This is especially true for fast charger systems. For additional converter design information, refer to the MC34166 and MC34167 data sheets.
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
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MC33340
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
P SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 626-05 ISSUE K -B-
1 4 NOTES: 1. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEAD WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 2. PACKAGE CONTOUR OPTIONAL (ROUND OR SQUARE CORNERS). 3. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. DIM A B C D F G H J K L M N MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 9.40 10.16 6.10 6.60 3.94 4.45 0.38 0.51 1.02 1.78 2.54 BSC 0.76 1.27 0.20 0.30 2.92 3.43 7.62 BSC --- 10_ 0.76 1.01 INCHES MIN MAX 0.370 0.400 0.240 0.260 0.155 0.175 0.015 0.020 0.040 0.070 0.100 BSC 0.030 0.050 0.008 0.012 0.115 0.135 0.300 BSC --- 10_ 0.030 0.040
8
5
F
NOTE 2
-A- L
C -T-
SEATING PLANE
J N D K
M
M
H
G 0.13 (0.005) TA
M
B
M
A
8
D
5
D SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751-05 (SO-8) ISSUE R C H 0.25
M
E
1 4
B
M
NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994. 2. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. 3. DIMENSION D AND E DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE B DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. DIM A A1 B C D E e H h L MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 1.35 1.75 0.10 0.25 0.35 0.49 0.18 0.25 4.80 5.00 3.80 4.00 1.27 BSC 5.80 6.20 0.25 0.50 0.40 1.25 0_ 7_
B C
e h A
SEATING PLANE X 45 _
q
0.10 A1 0.25 B
M
L CB
S
A
S
q
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. "Typical" parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including "Typicals" must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. Mfax is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. How to reach us: USA / EUROPE / Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 5405, Denver, Colorado 80217. 303-675-2140 or 1-800-441-2447 MfaxTM: RMFAX0@email.sps.mot.com - TOUCHTONE 602-244-6609 INTERNET: http://Design-NET.com JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.; Tatsumi-SPD-JLDC, 6F Seibu-Butsuryu-Center, 3-14-2 Tatsumi Koto-Ku, Tokyo 135, Japan. 81-3-3521-8315 ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park, 51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852-26629298
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MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MC33340/D

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